This document contains the source code for a Java program that demonstrates various programming concepts to a user through a conversational interface. It walks the user through examples of data types, variables, input/output, mathematical operations, conditional statements, arrays and more. It collects user input, performs calculations, and provides feedback and explanations at each step. The overall purpose is to educate the user about basic Java programming concepts in an interactive way.

1. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
1 import java.util.Scanner;
2
3 import jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.regexp.joni.exception.InternalException;
4
5 public class PS1
6 {
7 public static void main(String[] args)
8 {
9 Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
10 String name = null;
11 int num1 = 0;
12 int num2 = 0;
13 int sum;
14
15 // A variable is simply a place in memory. In this case, I have declared
16 // three variables with the data type int.
17
18 System.out.println("Hello and welcome to Joe's Integration Project! "
19 + "Please input a name that will be used as personal "
20 + "reference throughout the course of this project.");
21
22 try
23 {
24 name = input.nextLine();
25 }
26
27 catch (ClassCastException e)
28 {
29 System.out.println("Please enter a name.");
30 }
31
32 System.out.println("Okay! The name you'd like to use is " + name
33 + ". Got " + "it.");
34 System.out.println("Let's get started by doing some basic math with "
35 + "two integers, beginning with addition. Please enter "
36 + "the first integer.");
37
38 //Here, I am implementing exception handling for num1. For example,
39 //explicitly inputting a double such as 5.6 would produce an operation
40 //error.
41 try
42 {
43 num1 = input.nextInt();
44
45 System.out.print("Thank you, " + name + ". ");
46 System.out.println("Please enter the second integer.");
47 num2 = input.nextInt();
48 }
49
50 catch (Exception e)
51 {
52 System.out.println("Sorry, please enter an integer.");
53 }
54
55 sum = num1 + num2;
56 System.out.println("I see...The answer is " + sum + ".");
57
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2. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
58
59 double num3 = 0;
60 double num4 = 0;
61 double sum2;
62
63 // Unlike earlier in the program, I am using the data type double rather
64 // than int. These are merely two of the eight primitive Java data types.
65 // The following is a list and description of all eight data types:
66
67 // 1. byte: The byte data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement
68 // integer
69 // It has a minimum value of -128 and a maximum value of 127
70 // (inclusive).
71 // The byte data type can be useful for saving memory in large arrays,
72 // where
73 // the memory savings actually matters. They can also be used in place
74 // of
75 // int where their limits help to clarify your code; the fact that a
76 // variable's range is limited can serve as a form of documentation.
77
78 // 2. short: The short data type is a 16-bit signed two's complement
79 // integer.
80 // It has a minimum value of -32,768 and a maximum value of 32,767
81 // (inclusive). As with byte, the same guidelines apply: you can use a
82 // short
83 // to save memory in large arrays, in situations where the memory
84 // savings
85 // actually matters.
86
87 // 3. int: By default, the int data type is a 32-bit signed two's
88 // complement integer, which has a minimum value of -231 and a maximum
89 // value
90 // of 231-1. In Java SE 8 and later, you can use the int data type to
91 // represent an unsigned 32-bit integer, which has a minimum value of 0
92 // and
93 // a maximum value of 232-1. Use the Integer class to use int data type
94 // as
95 // an unsigned integer.
96
97 // 4. long: The long data type is a 64-bit two's complement integer.
98 // The signed long has a minimum value of -263 and a maximum value of
99 // 263-1.
100 // In Java SE 8 and later, you can use the long data type to represent
101 // an
102 // unsigned 64-bit long, which has a minimum value of 0 and a maximum
103 // value
104 // of 264-1. Use this data type when you need a range of values wider
105 // than
106 // those provided by int. The Long class also contains methods like
107 // compareUnsigned, divideUnsigned etc to support arithmetic operations
108 // for
109 // unsigned long.
110
111 // 5. float: The float data type is a single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754
112 // floating point. Its range of values is beyond the scope of this
113 // discussion, but is specified in the Floating-Point Types, Formats,
114 // and
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3. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
115 // Values section of the Java Language Specification. As with the
116 // recommendations for byte and short, use a float (instead of double)
117 // if
118 // you need to save memory in large arrays of floating point numbers.
119
120 // 6. double: The double data type is a double-precision 64-bit IEEE
121 // 754 floating point. For decimal values, this data type is generally
122 // the
123 // default choice. As mentioned above, this data type should never be
124 // used
125 // for precise values, such as currency.
126
127 // 7. boolean: The boolean data type has only two possible values:
128 // true and false. Use this data type for simple flags that track
129 // true/false
130 // conditions. This data type represents one bit of information, but its
131 // "size" isn't something that's precisely defined.
132
133 // 8.char: The char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character. It
134 // has
135 // a minimum value of 'u0000' (or 0) and a maximum value of 'uffff'
136 // (or 65,535 inclusive).
137
138 System.out.println("I'm a pretty good program, right? I can also add "
139 + "numbers that have fractional values, such as 5.5 "
140 + "and -15. Let's give it a try.");
141
142 System.out.println("Please enter the first number you'd like to add.");
143 try
144 {
145 num3 = input.nextDouble();
146
147 System.out.println("Thank you " + name
148 + ". Please enter the second number" + ".");
149 num4 = input.nextDouble();
150 }
151
152 catch (Exception e)
153 {
154 System.out.print("Sorry, please enter an integer.");
155 }
156
157
158 int num5;
159 int num6;
160 int result1;
161 int result2;
162 float result3;
163
164 // Result 3 represents integer division. This variable is declared as a
165 // float in order to properly approximate the value of the quotient as
166 //having a decimal value or remainder, such as with the number 2.25.
167
168 sum2 = num3 + num4;
169 System.out.println("Excellent! The sum of those two numbers is " + sum2
170 + ".");
171 System.out.println("Alright, let's turn things up a bit. Now we'll use "
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4. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
172 + "two more integer values and output the results "
173 + "of subtracting, multiplying and dividing them.");
174
175 System.out.println("Please enter the first integer you'd like to use "
176 + "to demonstrate these mathematical operations.");
177 try
178 {
179 num5 = input.nextInt();
180
181 System.out.println("Okay, now for the second number that you'd like "
182 + "to use:");
183 num6 = input.nextInt();
184
185 result1 = num5 - num6;
186 result2 = num5 * num6;
187 result3 = (float) num5 / num6;
188 System.out.println("Thank you! ");
189 System.out.println("The difference is " + result1 + ".");
190 System.out.println("The product is " + result2 + ".");
191 System.out.println("The quotient is " + result3 + ".");
192
193 int num7;
194
195 System.out.println("Pretty cool, right? I know it is. For my next "
196 + "trick, we'll be determining if a chosen integer "
197 + "is even or odd. Go ahead, enter an integer "
198 + "and see what happens.");
199 num7 = input.nextInt();
200
201
202 // Here, I am going to establish conditions within an if else
203 //statement in order to determine if the user's integer is even
204 //or odd.
205
206 if (num7 % 2 == 0)
207 System.out.println("That number is..wait don't tell me, I got "
208 + "this..even, right? ");
209 else
210 System.out.println("Okay, let's see, that number is..carry the "
211 + "two..odd! ");
212 }
213
214 catch (Exception e)
215 {
216 System.out.println("Please make sure you entered an integer");
217 }
218
219
220 double Celsius = 0;
221 double Fahrenheit;
222
223 System.out.println("But that's not all. Ever wanted to know what a "
224 + "temperature in Celsius is in Fahrenheit? Just type in a "
225 + "temperature in Celsius and prepare to be blown away!" );
226 try
227 {
228 Celsius = input.nextDouble();
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5. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
229 }
230
231 catch (Exception e)
232 {
233 System.out.println("Please enter a double value");
234 }
235
236 Fahrenheit = ((Celsius * 9) / 5) + 32;
237 System.out.println("That temperature in Fahrenheit is " + Fahrenheit
238 + ". Boom, I just blew you away, didn't I? Don't deny it." );
239
240 System.out.println("Finally, let's have a quick lesson on driving a car "
241 + "with a manual transmission, in the case of how to "
242 + "drive off from a dead stop, when to shift during "
243 + "daily driving and how to come to a complete stop "
244 + "without stalling the car, such as in the event of "
245 + "a red traffic light.");
246
247 int choice = 0;
248
249 System.out.println("Please choose which event you would like to learn "
250 + "about by typing in a number, with 1 being the first "
251 + "event, 2 being the second event and 3 being the third "
252 + "event, respectively.");
253 try
254 {
255 choice = input.nextInt();
256 }
257
258 catch (Exception e)
259 {
260 System.out.println("Please enter either 1, 2, or 3.");
261 }
262
263 String eventString = null;
264 switch (choice) {
265 case 1:
266 eventString = "Fully depress the clutch and put the car in "
267 + "first gear. Then slowly give it gas and slowly let off "
268 + "of the clutch.";
269 break;
270 case 2:
271 eventString = "When to the point of moving after driving off in, "
272 + "first gear, once you reach about 2500 to 3000 rpm, "
273 + "shift to the next gear and continue to do so for "
274 + "all gears.";
275 break;
276 case 3:
277 eventString = "To come to a complete stop, simply depress the "
278 + "clutch fully and shift the car into neutral, or no "
279 + "gear. Then apply the brake pedal as necessary.";
280 break;
281 }
282
283 System.out.println(eventString);
284
285 System.out.println("Excellent! Thank you for your time thusfar. This "
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6. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
286 + "next section will begin by demonstrating relational "
287 + "and conditional operators.");
288
289 // Relational operators are tools in Java that are used to determine if
290 // an operand is less than, greater than and equal or not equal to
291 // another
292 // operand. There are six relational operators:
293 // 1. Equal to: ==
294 // 2. Not equal to: !=
295 // 3. Greater than: >
296 // 4. Greater than or equal to: >=
297 // 5. Less than: <
298 // 6. Less than or equal to: <=
299 // Conditional operators perform Conditional-AND and Conditional-OR
300 // operations on two boolean expressions. Therefore, there are two
301 // conditional operators:
302 // 1. && Conditional-AND
303 // 2. || Conditional-OR
304
305 int num8 = 0;
306 int num9 = 0;
307
308 System.out.println("Alright, I'm going to read two numbers from 1 to 10 "
309 + "and determine if they are either greater than or less than "
310 + "one another. Please enter the first number.");
311 try
312 {
313 num8 = input.nextInt();
314
315 System.out.println("Thank you! Now please enter the second number.");
316 num9 = input.nextInt();
317 }
318
319 catch (Exception e)
320 {
321 System.out.println("Invalid input. Please try again.");
322 }
323
324 //For this loop I am using a while loop with relational operators to
325 //compare two inputted numbers with a value from 1 to 10.
326 //The code in parentheses of the loop below would be considered
327 //arguments.
328 while (num8 < num9)
329 {
330 System.out.println(num9 + " is greater than " + num8 + ".");
331 break;
332 }
333 while (num8 > num9)
334 {
335 System.out.println(num9 + " is less than " + num8 + ".");
336 break;
337 }
338
339 //The following is a demonstration for a class that finds the radius and area
340 //of a circle:
341 //public class Testing
342 //{
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7. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
343 //private double radius;
344 //private double area;
345
346 //public Testing()
347 //{
348 //radius = 0;
349 //area = 0;
350 //}
351
352 //public Testing(double radius) <--this method contains a double parameter.
353 //{
354 //this.radius = radius;
355 //}
356
357 //public double getRadius()
358 //{
359 //return radius;
360 //}
361
362 //public void setRadius(double radius)
363 //{
364 //this.radius = radius;
365 //}
366
367 //public double getArea()
368 //{
369 //return area;
370 //}
371
372 //public void setArea(double area)
373 //{
374 //area = radius * radius * Math.PI;
375 //}
376
377 //public String toString()
378 //{
379 //return "The radius of the circle is: " + radius + ", and the "
380 //+ "area is: " + area;
381 //}
382
383 System.out.println("Awesome! For this next component, I will read 5 "
384 + "numbers from the user and determine the largest and "
385 + "smallest values. Please enter five integers.");
386
387 int[] anArray = new int[5];
388 int total = 0;
389
390 try
391 {
392 System.out.println("Integer 1:");
393 anArray[0] = input.nextInt();
394 total += anArray[0];
395
396 System.out.println("Integer 2:");
397 anArray[1] = input.nextInt();
398 total += anArray[1];
399
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8. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
400 System.out.println("Integer 3:");
401 anArray[2] = input.nextInt();
402 total += anArray[2];
403
404 System.out.println("Integer 4:");
405 anArray[3] = input.nextInt();
406 total+= anArray[3];
407
408 System.out.println("Integer 5:");
409 anArray[4] = input.nextInt();
410 total += anArray[4];
411
412 System.out.println("The value " + anArray[0] + " is found at "
413 + "index [0].");
414
415 } catch (ArrayStoreException e)
416 {
417 System.out.println("Please enter an integer.");
418 }
419
420 System.out.println("Thank you! The sum of these values is " + total
421 + ".");
422
423 int smallest = anArray[0];
424 int largest = anArray[0];
425
426 //Here, I am using a nested "if" loop within a for loop in order to
427 //determine the largest and smallest values within the array.
428
429 for (int index = 1; index < anArray.length; index++)
430 {
431 if (anArray[index] > largest)
432 largest = anArray[index];
433 else if (anArray[index] < smallest)
434 smallest = anArray[index];
435 }
436
437 System.out.println("The smallest value is " + smallest + ".");
438 System.out.println("The largest value is " + largest + ".");
439
440 //Two dimensional arrays are like standard arrays except that, as expected,
441 //they have two dimensions instead of one.
442
443 int[][] demo = new int [2][2];
444 demo [0][0] = 1;
445 demo [0][1] = 2;
446 demo [1][0] = 3;
447 demo [1][1] = 4;
448
449 System.out.println("For my 2d array demo, I will print the values from "
450 + "the first and second index places: ");
451
452 System.out.println("From first index: " + demo [0][0]);
453 System.out.println("From second index: " + demo [0][1]);
454
455
456 System.out.println("Now, to demonstrate string processing, I will "
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9. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
457 + "concatenate two strings and print the values of each one." );
458
459 String demo2 = "Happy";
460 String demo3 = "coding";
461
462 System.out.println("When concatenated: " + demo2 + demo3);
463
464 System.out.println("The length of the first string is " + demo2.length()
465 + ".");
466
467 System.out.println("The length of the second string is " + demo3.length()
468 + ".");
469
470 //One can think of the fact that a variety of objects, such as in real life,
471 //have certain characteristics in common with one another. In essence,
472 //classes are able to obtain commonly used state and behavior from other
473 //classes. For example:
474
475 //public class App {
476
477 //public static void main(String[] args) {
478
479 //Machine mach1 = new Machine();
480 //mach1.start();
481
482 //Person person1 = new Person("Bob");
483 //person1.greet();
484
485 //Info info1 = new Machine();
486 //info1.showInfo();
487
488 //Info info2 = person1;
489 //info2.showInfo();
490
491 //System.out.println();
492
493 //outputInfo(mach1);
494 //outputInfo(person1);
495 //}
496
497 //private static void outputInfo(Info info) {
498 //info.showInfo();
499 //}
500
501 //}
502
503 //As with polymorphism, the term is derived from its biology definition in
504 //which an organism or species can have various forms or stages.
505 //Ultimately, subclasses can define their own behaviors in addition to
506 //sharing similar functionality of the parent class. For example:
507
508 //public class App {
509
510 //public static void main(String[] args) {
511
512
513 //Plant plant1 = new Plant();
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10. C:UsersOwnerworkspaceIntegration ProjectsrcPS1 - Copy.java Sunday, May 01, 2016 3:31 PM
514
515 //Tree tree = new Tree();
516
517 //Plant plant2 = tree;
518
519 //plant2.grow();
520
521 //tree.shedLeaves();
522
523
524 //doGrow(tree);
525 //}
526
527 //public static void doGrow(Plant plant) {
528 //plant.grow();
529 //}
530
531 //}
532
533 System.out.println("This is the conclusion of my program, thank you for "
534 + "your cooperation.");
535
536
537 }
538 }
539
540
541
542
543
544
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