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Similar to PS elements compounds mixtures.pptx chemistry
PS elements compounds mixtures.pptx chemistry
- 2. How can youdetermine whether something is an element or not? They are all listed on the periodic table. ELEMENT SO NG
- 3. 1. Pure substance –Made of only 1 type of particle – Ex: copper wire only has copper atoms 2. Can’t be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical means ELEMENTS
- 4. 3. Each hasa unique set of properties – Called characteristic properties – Can be physical or chemical 4. Classified by their properties 1. Metals 2. Nonmetals 3. Metalloids ELEMENTS density melting pt. flammability reactivity Elements Metals Nonmetals Metalloids
- 5. Develop the conceptmap by adding info. about metals, nonmetals, & metalloids METALS •Shiny •Good conductors •Malleable •Ductile •Ex: gold, silver, copper NONMETALS •Dull (no shine) •Poor conductors •At room temp, only a few are solids that are brittle •Most are gases •Ex: hydrogen, oxygen, helium METALLOIDS •Characteristics of metals and nonmetals •Semiconductors •Ex: silicon, germanium
- 6. Use placement onthe Periodic Table to classify elements
- 7. • Do youknow any compounds? • How are they different from elements? • Characteristics 1. Found in nature more often than pure elements 2. Have more than one element 3. Elements are chemically bonded to each other – Mg + O2 makes MgO 4. Pure substances that occur in fixed ratios by mass – 1g H to 8g of O in every water molecule 5. Can’t be separated by physical means 6. Have their own unique set of properties COMPOUNDS
- 8.
- 9. Mixtures • 2 ormore substances that are not chemically bonded – So diff parts keep their own properties • Ex: – pizza – granite – Kool-aid – Brass – Jello • Parts do not occur in a definite ratio – Compare the 2 pepperoni pizzas
- 10. Mixtures • Can bephysically separated by 1. Distillation 2. Magnet 3. Centrifuge 4. Filtration 5. Evaporation
- 11.
- 12. Mixtures •Can be heterogeneous(see diff pieces) or homogeneous (uniform appearance) •Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions •Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions •Colloids are classified as heterogeneous in some books and homogeneous in others
- 13. Solutions – lookthe same throughout • From Chem4kids • How much solute can dissolve in water? • Solubility graph can tell you 1. Most compounds show a(n) ________ in solubility as temp. inc. 2. Which compound shows the greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 3. Which compound(s) actually dec in solubility as temp inc.? 4. How much potassium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 40o C? 5. How much sodium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 90o C?
- 14. Solubility Graph 1.Which compound showsthe greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 2.Which compound(s) actually decrease in solubility as temp inc.? 3.Which compound has the highest solubility at 58o C?
- 15. SOLUTION SUSPENSION COLLOID Fill-in the Venn diagramwith characteristics.
- 16. SOLUTION SUSPENSION COLLOID •Do not settleout •Pass thru filter paper •Settle out on standing •Separate w/filter paper •Largest particle size (seen) •Ex: blood, muddy water, Italian salad dressing •Scatter light •Don’t scatter light/ light passes right thru •Smallest solute particles •mixtures •Medium particle size •Don’t easily pour •Ex: Jell-o, fog, milk, mayo, whipped cream •Ex: Kool- aid, salt water, brass Can pour some