This document outlines provisions regarding health and safety for workers in factories under Pakistani law. It discusses employer and employee responsibilities to maintain a safe workplace. It also highlights management's commitment to safety, including training workers, implementing safety policies, and addressing accidents. The document then covers high danger zones in factories and provides an overview of Pakistan's key safety and health laws, enforcement mechanisms, and special provisions for women and adolescent workers.

1. IN THE NAME OF ALLAH ,
THE MOST BENEFICIENT,
THE MOST MERCIFUL

2. PROVISIONS REGARDING
HEALTH & SAFETY OF WORKERS
IN FACTORIES

3. WHY SAFETY IS IMPORTANT?

4. SAFETY AND HEALTH AT
WORKPLACE
Employer’s responsibilities
Provide a safe and healthy workplace
• Familiar with safety and health
Standards
• Ensure workplace conditions conform
to safety standards
Employer’s rights
• Seek advice from government
agencies
• Receive advice on safety and health
regulations

5. SAFETY AND HEALTH AT
WORKPLACE
Employee’s responsibilities
• Follow all safety and health rules
• Report problems
Employee’s rights
• Demand safety and health
• without fear of punishment

6. MANAGEMENT COMMITTMENT
Accidents can be prevented by reducing
accident-causing conditions and accident-
causing acts.
Safety starts with management commitment.
Management to be personally involved in
safety activities.

7. MANAGEMENT COMMITTMENT
Give safety matters high priority.
Provide safety training to all workers.

8. MANAGEMENT COMMITTMENT
Safety policy.
Analyze accidents and take
corrective / preventive actions.

10. High Danger Zones
Forklifts, and other handling and lifting areas
Metal and woodworking machines and saws
Transmission Machinery
Stairs, lifts
Crane Operations

11. High Danger Zones (cont…)
Stress and Pressure
Hostility Among Employees
Poor Environment
Lack of safety instruments

12. SAFETY AND HEALTH LAWS
IN PAKISTAN

13. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
 There is no independent legislation.
 The main law, which governs is Factories Act, 1934
 The Hazardous Occupations Rules, 1963 under the
authority of Factories Act is another relevant legislation
• These rules specify some hazardous occupations.
• Authorize the Chief Inspector of Factories to declare any
other process as hazardous

14. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Related Laws
 Dock Laborers Act, 1934
 Mines Act, 1923
 Workmen Compensation Act, 1923
 Provincial Employees Social Security Ordinance, 1965
 West Pakistan Shops and Establishments Ordinance,
1969
 Boilers and Pressure Vessels Ordinance, 2002

15. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
 Health and safety provisions under the factories act, 1934
 Act has general provisions on health and safety at the
workplace
 Provincial governments are allowed to make rules under
this Act and inspectors under this Act also have discretion
in defining the rules
 It refers to various safety arrangements

16. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
 Labor law covers the following issues:
• Cleanliness
• Disposal of wastes and effluents
• Ventilation and temperature
• Dust and fume
• Overcrowding
• Lighting
• Drinking water

17. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
 Precautions against contagious or infectious disease
 Compulsory vaccination
 Power to make rules for the provision of canteens
 Welfare officer
 Precautions in case of fire
 Fencing of machinery
 Work on or near machinery in motion
 Employment of young persons on dangerous machines

18. Safety and health laws In
Pakistan (cont…)
Self-acting machines
Casing of new machinery
Prohibition of employment of women and
children near cotton openers
Cranes and other lifting machinery

19. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Floors, stairs and means of access
Excessive weights
Protection of eyes
Power to require specifications of defective parts
or tests of stability
Safety of building, machinery and manufacturing
process

20. Safety and health laws In
Pakistan (cont…)
Precautions against dangerous fumes
Explosive or inflammable dust, gas, etc
Notice of certain accidents

21. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Mines Act provides for various health and
safety arrangements. Similar provisions in the
Pakistan Dock Laborers Regulations for
dockworkers

22. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
How Government Ensures Enforcement?
 All the laws require the appropriate government (federal
or provisional) to appoint qualified individuals as
inspectors.
 It is the duty of inspectors to enforce these laws
 The usual powers of inspectors include the right to enter
and inspect any workplace, taking evidence from persons
for carrying out their duties
 A person can’t be appointed as inspector or continue to
hold the office of inspector if he or she becomes directly
or indirectly interested in the workplace ( it is factory
under the Factories Act, a dock or a ship under Dock
Laborers Act and a mine under the Mines Act

23. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Special provisions on working of women and
adolescents in factories or mines
Pakistan has ratified the following conventions
relating to the special treatment for women and
adolescents in the occupational safety and health
context
• C45 Underground Work (Women) Convention,
1935
• C89 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised),
1948
• C90 Night Work of young persons (Industry)
Convention (Revised), 1948

24. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Special provisions on working of women and
adolescents in factories or mines
 Article 2 of the C45 requires that no women should be
employed in on underground work in any mine. In accordance
with the provision of this convention, article 23-C (1) of
Mines Act prohibits the employment of women in any
underground mine.
 As for young persons, who are not seventeen years of age yet,
they can’t also be employed in any part of a mine unless they
present a certificate of fitness on a prescribed from by a
qualified medical practitioner (section 26-A of Mines Act)

25. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Special provisions on working of women and adolescents in
factories or mines
 For safety reasons and under the above conventions, labor laws
also limit the employment of women and adolescents at night.
Section 45 of Factories Act limits the employment of women up
to only 07:00 p.m. (or if employer arranges for pick and drop and
with employees own accord), a female worker may worker until
10 p.m. Section 54 of the Act requires that children (over the age
of 14 years should not be employed after 07 p.m.

26. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Special provisions on working of women and
adolescents in factories or mines
 Provision on prohibition on employment of children
and women in any part of the factory for pressing
cotton in which a cotton-opener is at work (Section
32). The referred section also talks about certain
exemptions from this provision.
 Section 33-M authorizes the provincial government to
make rules prohibiting the employment of children
(above the age of fourteen) to any specified class of
factories or to any specified parts thereof.

27. Safety and health laws In Pakistan
(cont…)
Special provisions on working of women and
adolescents in factories or mines
 Section 28 of the Factories Act also requires that no
young person shall operate a machine until he has
received sufficient training for operating it and is
under adequate supervision by some other person with
through knowledge and experience of machine.