Protein Nanotube based Probes for Cancer Cell Imaging was the lecture delivered by Dr. H. S. Atreya at the one day seminar on Molecular Imaging conducted by Molecular Imaging Society of India 9-March-2014
Molecular imaging has revolutionized our perceptions of imaging. This high impact field is finding transformative applications in the understanding, detection, and treatment of nearly all diseases.
The field of molecular imaging is a an exciting fusion and integration of many different disciplines including molecular biology, chemistry and probe design, imaging technologies, visualization, and image analysis, that are focused on understanding, detecting, and treating oncological, neurological, cardiovascular, inflammatory, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Based on their strengths, different imaging modalities provide different but equally valuable information that can be integrated in advancing our understanding of these diseases.
As the era of ‘omics’ progresses towards personalized medicine, the field of molecular imaging is finding multiple uses in noninvasive characterization of the molecular features of diseases and their impact on function. In complex diseases such as cancer, with its tremendous genetic diversity, it is becoming increasingly important to develop molecularly-targeted treatment strategies that combine detection with treatment.
The OncoScan(TM) platform for analysis of copy number and somatic mutations i...Lawrence Greenfield
The OncoScan microarray offers high-quality copy number, genotype, and somatic mutation data with whole-genome coverage and high resolution in cancer genes for use with challenging FFPE samples.
Protein Nanotube based Probes for Cancer Cell Imaging was the lecture delivered by Dr. H. S. Atreya at the one day seminar on Molecular Imaging conducted by Molecular Imaging Society of India 9-March-2014
Molecular imaging has revolutionized our perceptions of imaging. This high impact field is finding transformative applications in the understanding, detection, and treatment of nearly all diseases.
The field of molecular imaging is a an exciting fusion and integration of many different disciplines including molecular biology, chemistry and probe design, imaging technologies, visualization, and image analysis, that are focused on understanding, detecting, and treating oncological, neurological, cardiovascular, inflammatory, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Based on their strengths, different imaging modalities provide different but equally valuable information that can be integrated in advancing our understanding of these diseases.
As the era of ‘omics’ progresses towards personalized medicine, the field of molecular imaging is finding multiple uses in noninvasive characterization of the molecular features of diseases and their impact on function. In complex diseases such as cancer, with its tremendous genetic diversity, it is becoming increasingly important to develop molecularly-targeted treatment strategies that combine detection with treatment.
The OncoScan(TM) platform for analysis of copy number and somatic mutations i...Lawrence Greenfield
The OncoScan microarray offers high-quality copy number, genotype, and somatic mutation data with whole-genome coverage and high resolution in cancer genes for use with challenging FFPE samples.
Circulating cell free DNA is a potential tumor marker in a non-invasive blood test for the treatment and evaluation of cancer and recurrence monitoring. As circulating tumor DNA is often present at low frequencies within circulating cell free DNA, targeted sequencing on the Ion Torrent™ platform is an optimal tool or mutation detection with very little sample input required. Here, we demonstrate a complete workflow from isolation through molecular characterization of circulating tumor DNA. We have optimized a protocol using magnetic beads to isolate circulating cell free DNA. This protocol is easily automated to process up to 192 samples a day. It is also easily scalable for any input volume and can elute in volumes down to 15 μL resulting in no loss of low frequency alleles. We demonstrate comparable performance between this bead based isolation and column based isolation. We have completed molecular characterization of circulating cell free DNA using the multiplexing capabilities of AmpliSeq™ and the Ion PGM™. With the Ion AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot Panel v2, we performed targeted sequencing of 50 genes of interest, covering 2800 COSMIC mutations. We demonstrate good reproducibility of amplicon representation as well as allelic frequencies. Through saturation studies and subsampling, we have determined the limit of detection of hotspots circulating cell free DNA on the Ion PGM™ to be below 1%. We further demonstrate proof of principle of this workflow on circulating cell free DNA and matched FFPE samples. Our results verify the accuracy and ease of our workflow. This protocol, from isolation through targeted sequencing, will not only result in a simple sample preparation for circulating cell free DNA but also facilitate rapid mutation detection to advance cancer research.
As an uncommon malignant tumor, hypopharyngeal cancer accounts for 3–5% of head and neck tumors [1]. Most pathological types of hypopharyngeal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the occult anatomical location of hypopharyngeal cancer and poor surgical effect, local recurrence or distant metastasis often occurs in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer following surgery.
Wild Type and Mutated BRCA - Differentiation of Breast Cancer - BioGenexVictoria Miller
https://info.biogenex.com/wild-type-and-mutated-brca-differentiation-of-breast-cancer-using-new-mirna-biomarker-panel
breast cancer, wild type breast cancer, BRCA mutated breast cancer , BRCA gene mutation.Wild Type and Mutated BRCA , Differentiation of Breast Cancer, brca mutated breast cancer, brca mutation breast cancer
Differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer - BioGenexVictoria Miller
Differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer, Types of triple negative breast cancer, Triple negative breast cancer, Triple negative: breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer.
Circulating cell free DNA is a potential tumor marker in a non-invasive blood test for the treatment and evaluation of cancer and recurrence monitoring. As circulating tumor DNA is often present at low frequencies within circulating cell free DNA, targeted sequencing on the Ion Torrent™ platform is an optimal tool or mutation detection with very little sample input required. Here, we demonstrate a complete workflow from isolation through molecular characterization of circulating tumor DNA. We have optimized a protocol using magnetic beads to isolate circulating cell free DNA. This protocol is easily automated to process up to 192 samples a day. It is also easily scalable for any input volume and can elute in volumes down to 15 μL resulting in no loss of low frequency alleles. We demonstrate comparable performance between this bead based isolation and column based isolation. We have completed molecular characterization of circulating cell free DNA using the multiplexing capabilities of AmpliSeq™ and the Ion PGM™. With the Ion AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot Panel v2, we performed targeted sequencing of 50 genes of interest, covering 2800 COSMIC mutations. We demonstrate good reproducibility of amplicon representation as well as allelic frequencies. Through saturation studies and subsampling, we have determined the limit of detection of hotspots circulating cell free DNA on the Ion PGM™ to be below 1%. We further demonstrate proof of principle of this workflow on circulating cell free DNA and matched FFPE samples. Our results verify the accuracy and ease of our workflow. This protocol, from isolation through targeted sequencing, will not only result in a simple sample preparation for circulating cell free DNA but also facilitate rapid mutation detection to advance cancer research.
As an uncommon malignant tumor, hypopharyngeal cancer accounts for 3–5% of head and neck tumors [1]. Most pathological types of hypopharyngeal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the occult anatomical location of hypopharyngeal cancer and poor surgical effect, local recurrence or distant metastasis often occurs in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer following surgery.
Wild Type and Mutated BRCA - Differentiation of Breast Cancer - BioGenexVictoria Miller
https://info.biogenex.com/wild-type-and-mutated-brca-differentiation-of-breast-cancer-using-new-mirna-biomarker-panel
breast cancer, wild type breast cancer, BRCA mutated breast cancer , BRCA gene mutation.Wild Type and Mutated BRCA , Differentiation of Breast Cancer, brca mutated breast cancer, brca mutation breast cancer
Differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer - BioGenexVictoria Miller
Differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer, Types of triple negative breast cancer, Triple negative breast cancer, Triple negative: breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer.
Biofluid miRNA profiling: from sample to biomarker: miRNA and its Role in Hum...QIAGEN
Circulating miRNAs have great potential as biomarkers due to their aberrant expression in cancer and other diseases. However, miRNAs from body fluids are hard to obtain in amounts sufficient for detailed miRNome profiling. This slideshow describes an integrated, PCR-based system that reduces the amount of sample required for full miRNome profiling by several orders of magnitude and provides unparalleled reproducibility and precision. Detailed protocols are highlighted regarding RNA isolation, real-time quantification and data analysis for the assessment of serum, plasma, urine and cerebrospinal fluid samples. This system enables accurate miRNA analysis on the smallest of samples and opens up new possibilities for biomarker development.
Now a day’s, pharma research is facing challenges in
deciphering molecular understanding of disease initiation,
progress and establishment as well as performance
assessment of drug molecule on such phases of disease
development. Emerging of next generation sequencing
bases molecular tools were found to be a key method for
creating genome wide genomics landscape of gene
mutations, gene expression and gene regulation events.
Although NGS is a powerful tool for molecular research but
same time it have its own technical challenges. Few major
challenges of NGS based pharmacogenomics is
summarized below
Total RNA Discovery for RNA Biomarker Development WebinarQIAGEN
Precision medicine offers to transform patient care by targeting treatment to those with most to gain. To date the most significant advances have been at the level of DNA, for example, the use of somatic DNA alterations as diagnostic indicators of disease and for prediction of pharmacodynamic response. Development of RNA expression signatures as biomarkers has been more problematic. While RNA expression analysis has yielded valuable insights into the biological mechanisms of disease, RNA is a more unstable molecule than DNA, and more easily damaged or degraded during sample collection and isolation. In addition, RNA levels are inherently dynamic and gene expression signatures are extraordinarily complex. Recently, much progress has been made in identifying key changes in gene expression in cancer and other diseases, as well as identifying expression signatures in circulating nucleic acid that have the potential to be developed into diagnostic and prognostic indicators.
BRCA1 Promoter Methylation and Clinicopathological Characteristics in Sporadi...UniversitasGadjahMada
The aim of this study was to investigate the BRCA1 promoter methylation and clinicopathological characteristics in sporadic breast cancer patients in Indonesia. In this cohort study, we selected 90 patients with stage I-III who had definitive surgery at our institution in 2011-2014. Demographic and clinical data regarding pathological stage, breast cancer treatment, outcome etc. were collected from the medical records. Twelve patients had incomplete information on follow up and 18 samples had insufficient tissues for the experiment. Sixty patients with adequate cancer tissues and complete follow up record were analyzed, only 56 patients were analyzed because 4 samples mRNA expression could not be detected. The Mann–Whitney U tests for non-normally distributed groups were used to compare the levels expression of BRCA1 mRNA between methylated and non-methylated samples. Chi-square tests were used to compare methylation status, BRCA1 mRNA expression and clinicopathological characteristics. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant correlation. Data analysis was held by using the GraphPad PRISM 7 (GraphPad Software Inc., USA). DNA and RNA were isolated from primary tumor tissues of 56 breast cancer patients. BRCA1 promoter methylation was detected in 48 of 56 patients (85%). Level of BRCA1 mRNA expression was associated with decreased methylation level in the BRCA1 promoter regions suggesting the role of epigenetic silencing.
However, there was no statistically significant association among methylation levels, BRCA1 mRNA transcript level with clinicopathological factors. in conclusion, it was found that the prevalence of BRCA1 promoter methylation is higher than other studies from different populations. However, further investigation involving larger number of patients is required.
Similar to prostate cancer classification - BioGenex (20)
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?
prostate cancer classification - BioGenex
1. Keywords:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia, In situ hybridization, miRNA, Prostate cancer, Xmatrx®
Application Highlights:
• Both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer remain the most prevalent urologic
health concerns affecting elderly men in their lifetime, frequently coexist and therefore share
common symptoms.
• Distinguishing nonaggressive BPH from aggressive prostate cancer is crucial for effective
treatment and better clinical outcome.
• Several techniques for diagnosing prostate cancer have evolved over the past decades; however
there are concerns on spatial resolution of these diagnostic tools.
• BioGenex Xmatrx®
automated systems and BioGenex miRNA ISH Prostate panel probes were used
to successfully differentiate prostate cancer and BPH.
• Downregulation of miRNAs involved in cellular regulation and upregulation of miRNA in disease
progression were observed.
• The in situ experimental conditions for hybridization were optimized for both BioGenex manual and
automated systems.
BioGenex Products Used:
• #HM125B-100: miR-125b
• #HM017-100: miR-17
• #DF400-YADE: XISH™ One-Step Polymer-HRP ISH Detection Kit (Automation)
• #DF400-50KE: Super Sensitive One-Step Polymer-HRP ISH Detection Kit (Manual)
Accelerating the pace of precision medicine
Introduction:
Prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are the most frequent pathologies of the
prostate gland that are responsible for morbidity in men. Unlike prostate cancer, BPH is nonmalignant
and nonfatal. BPH and prostate cancer frequently coexist and therefore share common symptoms; over
20% of men with prostate cancer have BPH. There remains an important clinical challenge in
prostate oncology to distinguish the aggressive from the nonaggressive form, without requiring all
patients to undergo a painful tissue biopsy. In the United States, prostate cancer is the second leading
cause of cancer death affecting one in nine men. This year, an estimated 164,690 men in the United
States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer and 29,430 will die from it. Therefore, early diagnosis and
timely detection of disease progression is a very important step for effective treatment and a beneficial
clinical outcome. Although several techniques for diagnosing prostate cancer have evolved over the past
decades, lack of specificity and sensitivity of these diagnostic tools hinder their application in clinical
practice. Additionally, the existing methods to utilize serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) does not
provide enhanced survival rates nor do these techniques offer absolute results for the differentiation of
prostate cancer and BPH. Elevated levels of PSA have also been reported in non-malignant conditions of
the prostate, including BPH, which is commonly misdiagnosed as prostate cancer, leading to
unnecessary biopsies. Furthermore, metastatic and advanced prostate tumors types
respond very poorly to chemotherapy. Accumulating data suggest that small noncoding
RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) can be utilized as potential biomarkers for
differentiation of prostate cancer and BPH.
Application Note
Ready-to-Use fully optimized SSNA miRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) Kit
Prostate Cancer (PC) and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Differentiation by New miRNA Biomarker Panel
2. miRNAs are small, evolutionarily conserved, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression
in divergent cellular processes including development, differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle control,
and apoptosis. Owing to their stability in biological fluids and resistance to various storage conditions,
miRNAs are considered as useful biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of
treatment efficacy. Previous reports have shown that miRNAs have the potential to improve current
clinical practice to distinguish aggressive from the nonaggressive prostate cancer. Adopting BioGenex
Super Sensitive Nucleic Acid ISH-based microRNA (SSNA miRNA ISH) detection, the
expression pattern of miRNAs in prostate cancer and BPH can be successfully differentiated.
Super Sensitive Nucleic Acid (SSNA) miRNA probes:
BioGenex has developed proprietary SSNA miRNA probes that are specially designed to enhance signals
from the intrinsically low populated miRNAs. These probes have high melting temperatures enabling
stringent washes at elevated temperatures to remove non-specific binding. BioGenex miRNA probes are
dual-end labeled with a fluorophore that amplifies the signal, giving intense stains. Overall, SSNA
miRNA probes aid in studying the lowly expressed miRNA populations to assess the physiological
function of miRNA.
This Application Note addresses the feasibility of using BioGenex SSNA miRNA ISH probes for
differentiation of prostate cancer and BPH. In situ visualization of miRNA provides a benefit of
localization of miRNA inside a tumor cell, which is essentially lost during miRNA isolation used in the
high-throughput screening methods. The original study and the results were presented as posters in
USCAP (1).
Study samples and detection methods:
miRNA expression profiles were evaluated in 166 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cases of
different grades of prostate cancer, including paired normal prostate and BPH (1). Prostate cancer
tissues and BPH were differentiated using the BioGenex Xmatrx®
automated system and miRNA ISH
Prostate panel probes.
Results and conclusion:
As shown in figure 1, miR-17 expression levels were strongly overexpressed in 50% (13/26) of prostate
cancer IV compared with normal cases, while miR-125b was strongly upregulated in over 77% (20/26)
of cases of prostate cancer IV and III (Table 1, Figure 2). However, miR-17 and miR-125b did not show
any significant variation in expression pattern in BPH cases, suggesting oncogenic role of these miRNAs
in prostate cancer tumorigenesis and differentiation (1).
Application Note
Table 1: In situ expression profile of miRNAs in normal, BPH and different grade of prostate cancer (PCa).
miR-17
Pattern
BPH
(n=20)
P Normal
(n=18)
PCa II
(n=18)
P Normal
(n=29)
PCa III
(n=29)
P Normal
(n=26)
PCa IV
(n=26)
Negative 9 6 3 10 4 10 2
Weak 3 2 1 4 1 4 0
Moderate 4 8 7 13 14 10 11
Strong 4 2 7 2 10 2 13
miR-125b
Negative 3 3 1 1 0 1 0
Weak 3 5 3 17 5 14 2
Moderate 7 6 3 3 3 6 4
Strong 7 4 11 8 21 5 20
3. Application Note
Datasheets:
The BioGenex miRNA probe datasheets provide additional information on the recommended usage
guidelines and storage. Refer to the datasheets below before use:
• HM125B-100 • HM017-100
Disclaimer:
The research group and authors have expressed no conflict of interest. BioGenex has optimized the
protocols for optimal staining results, using positive tissue controls. Due to complex ISH procedures
care should be taken in each step. Variations in tissue embedding and fixation and tissue nature should
be taken into account for variation in results. Reagents and probes must be prepared and handled
according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Refer to the user manual for the automated detection kit and manual kit
1. DF400-YADE: XISH™ One-Step Polymer-HRP ISH Detection Kit (Automation)
2. DF400-50KE: Super Sensitive One-Step Polymer-HRP ISH Detection Kit (Manual)
PCa II PCa III PCa IV
Paired Normal Paired Normal Paired Normal
Figure 2. miR-125b ISH expression profile in different grade of prostate cancer.
These findings underscore the importance of visualizing miRNA expression profile in situ on a cellular
level. Previous studies have indicated that miR-125b is usually downregulated in prostate cancer
and its low expression is associated with poor survival (2-4), In another study, overexpression of
miR-17 in prostate cancer biopsies provided evidence for a stem-cell-like miRNA profile in high
grade/high stage tumors (5).
In summary, miRNA ISH probes can be successfully used for differentiation of prostate cancer and
BPH, thereby providing the feasibility of using these miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and
therapy regime of prostate cancer patients. BioGenex SSNA miRNA ISH probes give consistent,
reproducible, and reliable outcomes. Adaptation of automated processing using Xmatrx®
in ISH
procedure eliminates error-prone manual steps and greatly increases reproducibility, accuracy and
sensitivity of the test results.
Normal Pca IV (miR-17)
Figure 1. ISH expression profile of miR-17 in normal and high-grade prostate cancer.