This document discusses the prospect of using sexed semen in dairy cattle production in Nepal. Sexed semen allows producers to control the sex of offspring to be mostly female or male. It was first developed in the 1980s and can accurately select the desired sex 90% of the time. Using sexed semen in Nepal could solve problems like the different values of male and female calves, inhumane treatment of unwanted males, and herd expansion limitations. It would allow for faster genetic progress through selective breeding of superior females. Producers could better manage herd growth and biosecurity. Overall, the document argues that sexed semen could increase profits for dairy farmers in Nepal by addressing several cattle rearing challenges.
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Puberty and sexual maturity in male animals is explained in this lecture useful for veterinary students, practitioners and all those interested in male reproduction in domestic animals
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-Omics revolution and integration of all -omics sciences with a systems approach could help find solutions towards finding early pregnancy biomarkers.
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Prospect of sexed semen in dairy cattle production in nepal
1. PROSPECT OF SEXED SEMEN IN
PRODUCTION OF DAIRY CATTLE IN
NEPAL
1
Presented by:
B.G.C.
2. Introduction
2
Sexed semen is semen that has sorted by its x
and y chromosome and allows a producer to
limit offspring to a single sex as opposed to the
near 50/50 natural selection.(Journal of
extension/august 2012)
3. Contd…
3
Dr. Glenn Spaulding was the first to sort viable
whole human and animal spermatozoa using a
flow cytometer in early 1980’s.
Sexed semen has about 90% percent
accuracy of desire sex (Siedal & Graner, 2002)
It has opportunity to create a more valuable
calf crop( Siedal, 2003)
4. Contd…
4
Large difference of DNA of X-chromosome and
Y-chromosome make easier to produce a
highly pure population
More number of bases in X-chromosome DNA
than that of Y-chromosome DNA
In sheep and cattle, purities for each sex has
remain usually above 90%
First calve born from sexed semen in 1999
5. Nepalese scenario of dairy cattle
production
Majority of dairy cattle production- Subsidary
type
But slowly heading toward commercialisation.
Livestock production directorate, annual report 2069/70
Cattle production is limited to produce milk
and milk products.
5
6. Problems of dairy cattle
production
More demand of female calves
-different in their values
- for herd expansion
- to accelerate genetic
progress
6
8. Contd…
The law of government of Nepal does not
allow to consume beef and export beef.
- 12 years of prison for killing cattle
- export of cattle is strictly prohibited. If found
any faults regarding this , the selling price
along with 100 rupees per animal is charged
as a fine.
8
11. Why sexed semen in dairy cattle
production11
More number of
heifer production
Accelerate
genetic progress
Herd
expansion
Better
manageme
nt of herd
growth
Aggressive
culling
minimize the
risk of bio-
security
Calving
ease
advantage
sexed semen
12. contd…
More number of heifer production
To increase profit
Accelerate genetic progress
Selection intensity can be increased by choosing
genetically superior females for artificial
insemination from superior bull’s semen.
12
13. Contd…
Better management of herd growth
Herd growth can be controlled at a steady rate
which eases management challenges associated
with dramatic leap in herd size.
Aggressive culling
Because of producer can be assured of having
replacement from within the herd can cull the
animal having chronic health challenged cow.
13
14. Herd expansion
More number of heifer in predictable time.
Minimize the risk of bio-security
Increase in the number of heifer population,
decreases the purchase of replacement heifer, so
the chances of risk of bio-security is minimised by
the use of sexed semen.
14
15. Calving ease advantage
Less number of dystocia cases relating to the
birth of female calves than that of male calves.
Animal relief from pain- It also favour the animal
welfare issue.
15
16. Conclusion
From all the facts presented above, we can
conclude that sexed semen is very much
relevant technique in Nepal to solve several
problems regarding management of male
calves, genetic progress, herd expansion,
managing inhumane killing of male calves
with significant control in entry of animal
disease from other countries, which ultimately
increases the profitability of dairy cattle rearing
farmers.
16
17. References
Journal of extension/August 2012/volume 50(online)
Siedal, G.E., Jr., & Garner, D.L.(2002). Current status of
sexing mammalian spermatozoa. Reproduction 124:733-743
Siedal, G.E., Jr.(2003). Economics of selecting for sex : The
most important genetic trait. Theriogenology 59:585-598
Zimmerman, E.K., Holden, L.A.,Park, J .E., & Hyde, J.(2006)
Relationship of dairy producer management styles to overall
return on assets. Journal of Extension(online),44(6) Article
6RIB. Available at:
http://www.joe.org/joe/2006december/rb.php
www.cogentuk.com/sexed-semen/
www.admani.com/Dairy/Techincal
17
