Prose in Pakistani literature.pptx
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Pakistani prose literature includes biographies, humor writing, and essays. Biographies in the 1960s profiled prominent politicians like Feroz Khan Noon and Shaista Ikramullah. Humor writing emerged in newspapers in the early 1900s and expanded with authors like Khalid Hasan, Maya Jamil, Anwar Mooraj, and Omar Kureishi publishing humorous essays and books. Khalid Hasan used humor and satire to comment on social and political issues. Khwaja Ahmad Abbas wrote travelogues and condemned colonialism and fascism in Europe. Several authors incorporated Pakistani dialects and taboo topics into their English works. Justice Malik Rustum Kayani gave popular speeches collected in books that commented
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Communication is a two-way process of exchanging meaning, facts, ideas, opinions, and information between a sender and receiver. The communication cycle involves a sender encoding a message, sending it through a channel, the receiver decoding the message, and potential feedback from the receiver to the sender. Communication has several objectives like providing information, taking action, building relationships, and solving problems. It benefits individuals, organizations, governments, and society as a whole. Communication can be classified as verbal/oral, written/non-verbal, formal/informal, internal/external, and different styles.
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This document discusses the universal elements of communication and different types of communication channels. It outlines two features of communication: universal elements present in all human communication and basic facts about the nature of communication. These include communication environment, use of symbols, mental filters, imperfect communication, meaning depends on context, personality influences communication, and empathy. The document also discusses formal and informal communication channels, their advantages and disadvantages. Formal channels include reports and instructions, while informal or "grapevine" channels spread rumors quickly between employees.
lec 15.pptx
This document discusses formal and informal communication. Formal communication refers to official communication that follows predefined channels, such as interviews, seminars, speeches and meetings. There are three types of formal communication: upward, downward, and horizontal. Informal communication does not follow official channels and moves freely, including casual conversations, chatting, and gossip. While formal communication is important in professional settings, informal communication through colleagues and friends within an organization is also valued.
lec 14.pptx
This document discusses information gap principles in communication. It defines an information gap task as a language teaching technique where students are missing necessary information to complete a task and must communicate to fill the gaps. The document then lists reasons communication may fail such as differences in perception, physical discomfort, or lack of interest in the subject. It also defines types of information in communication such as old, given, and new information. Finally, it provides 10 steps for overcoming information overload, such as prioritizing tasks, limiting distractions, and taking breaks.
Lec 12.pptx
This document discusses various tools of communication including language, script, body language, dress, costume, silence, and environment. It provides information on each tool:
- Language allows for interaction, exchange of ideas, and development of humanity. It plays an important role in trade and international matters.
- Script is the written form of language using symbols and characters. It is an essential communication tool and important for educated masses.
- Body language conveys emotions and feelings through gestures, facial expressions, and posture. It enhances understanding beyond just words.
- Dress and costume reflect culture and can communicate meaning without words, such as through traditional attire.
- Silence can be an effective communication tool
1980.pptx
The document provides an overview of Pakistani literature in English during the 1980s. It discusses:
- The political context of the 1980s under General Zia-ul-Haq's regime and policies of Islamization.
- Events including a 1984 referendum supporting Zia and the election and removal of Prime Minister Junejo.
- The growing affluence of the middle class and increasing consumerism in cities, despite poverty remaining.
- Short stories published in 1981 by writer Abdur Rashid Tabassum that show inventiveness but somewhat stilted English, touching on themes of humor, social criticism, and transcending religious prejudice.
1970.pptx
The document provides an overview of Pakistani literature in English during the 1970s. It summarizes the political context, including the imposition of martial law by General Yahya Khan, the rise of Sheikh Mujeeb-ur-Rahman and the Awami League in East Pakistan, and the eventual declaration of an independent Bangladesh in 1971 after military conflict. It then profiles two writers of short stories during this period - Raja Tridiv Roy and Bilal Ahmad Jeddy. For Roy, it summarizes his two collections of short stories and notes his use of humor and Buddhist themes. For Jeddy, it analyzes several of his stories in The White Tiger of Viringa collection, noting their themes
Lecture 3. Communication Process and its application.pptx
Communication involves the transmission of information from a sender to a receiver. The communication process consists of several steps: a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to the receiver. The receiver then decodes the message. Feedback is provided to complete the communication loop.
Effective communication skills are important in interpersonal interactions, organizations, and governance at local, national, and international levels. Within organizations, communication allows for exchanging information, reaching agreements, and executing decisions. At different levels of governance, communication enables coordination, international treaties, and maintaining relations between organizations like the UN. Strong communication skills are essential for professional success in many fields today.
Lecture 2. Types of Communication.pptx
There are three main types of communication: written, verbal, and non-verbal. Verbal communication involves sharing information through speech, both orally and in writing. Non-verbal communication conveys messages without words through body language, facial expressions, and other visual cues. Written communication uses the written word to transmit messages in formats like letters, emails, reports and advertisements.
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- 1. Prose in Pakistani literature MuDasir 050
- 2. Biographies • Feroz khan Noon from Memory (1966) • Shaista Ikramul Jah from Purdah to Parliament (1963) • Politicians, Generals and other men are more prominent in writing biographies than the writers
- 3. Prose of Humor by Maya Jamil • History of humorous prose from Mohammad Ali & Shaukat Ali’s famous paper “Comrade” (1911 in Delhi). • Phantom figures (Articles I.C.S Commissioner whom they called minor deity. • Anwar Mooraj, Omar Kureishi and Mr. Kayani
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