7. 414 Appendix
TABLE A.2
Heats of Formation and Combustion
No. Compound Formula
Molecular
Weight State
Δ hf
o
KJ/mol
Δ hc
o
KJ/mol
1 Acetic acid CH3COOH 60.05 l
g
−486.2 −871.69
−919.73
2 Acetaldehyde CH3CHO 40.052 g −166.4 −1192.36
3 Acetone C3H6O 58.08 aq
g
−410.03
−216.69 −1821.38
4 Acetylene C2H2 26.04 g 226.75 −1299.61
5 Ammonia NH3 17.032 l
g
−67.20
−46.191 −382.58
6 Ammonium
carbonate
(NH4)2CO3 96.09 c
aq −941.86
7 Ammonium
chloride
NH4Cl 53.50 c −315.4
8 Ammonium
hydroxide
NH4OH 35.05 aq −366.5
9 Ammonium nitrate NH4NO3 80.05 c
aq
−366.1
−339.4
10 Ammonium sulfate (NH4)SO4 132.15 c
aq
−1179.3
−1173.1
11 Benzaldehyde C6H5CHO 106.12 l
g
−88.83
−40.0
12 Benzene C6H6 78.11 l 48.66 −3267.6
g 82.927 −3301.5
13 Boron oxide B2O3 69.64 c −1263
−1245.2
14 Bromine Br2 159.832 l 0
g 30.7
15 n-Butane C4H10 58.12 l −147.6 −2855.6
g −124.73 −2878.52
16 Isobutane C4H10 58.12 l −158.5 −2849.0
g −134.5 −2868.8
17 1-Butene C4H8 56.104 g 1.172 −2718.58
18 Calcium arsenate Ca3(AsO4)2 398.06 c −3330.5
19 Calcium carbide CaC2 64.10 c −62.7
20 Calcium carbonate CaCO3 100.09 c −1206.9
21 Calcium chloride CaCl2 110.99 c −794.9
22 Calcium cyanamide CaCN2 80.11 c −352
23 Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 74.10 c −986.56
24 Calcium oxide CaO 56.08 c −635.6
25 Calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 310.19 c −4137.6
26 Calcium silicate CaSiO3 116.17 c −1584
(Continued)
8. 415Appendix
TABLE A.2 (Continued)
Heats of Formation and Combustion
No. Compound Formula
Molecular
Weight State
Δ hf
o
KJ/mol
Δ hc
o
KJ/mol
27 Calcium sulfate CaSO4 136.15 c −1432.7
aq −1450.5
28 Calcium sulfate
(gypsum)
CaSO4·2H2O 172.18 c −2021.1
29 Carbon C 12.01 c 0 −393.51
30 Carbon dioxide CO2 44.01 g −393.51
l −412.92
31 Carbon disulfide CS2 76.14 l 87.86 −1075.2
g 115.3 −1102.6
32 Carbon monoxide CO 28.01 g −110.52 −282.99
33 Carbon
tetrachloride
CCl4 153.838 l −139.5 −352.2
g −106.69 −384.9
34 Chloroethane C2H5Cl 64.52 g −105.0 −1421.1
l −41.20 −5215.44
35 Cumene
(isopropylbenzene)
C6H5CH(CH3)2 120.19 g 3.93 −5260.59
g −769.86
36 Cupric sulfate CuSO4 159.61 aq −843.12
c −751.4
37 Cyclohexane C6H12 84.16 g −123.1 −3953.0
38 Cyclopentane C5H10 70.130 1 −105.8 −3290.9
g −77.23 −3319.5
39 Ethane C2H6 30.07 g −84.667 −1559.9
40 Ethyl acetate CH3CO2C2H5 88.10 l −442.92 −2274.48
41 Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH 46.068 l −277.63 −1366.91
g −235.31 −1409.25
42 Ethyl benzene C6H5·C2H5 106.16 1 −12.46 −4564.87
g 29.79 −4607.13
43 Ethyl chloride C2H5Cl 64.52 g −105
44 Ethylene C2H4 28.052 g 52.283 −1410.99
45 Ethylene chloride C2H3Cl 62.50 g 31.38 −1271.5
46 3-Ethyl hexane C8H18 114.22 1 −250.5 −5470.12
g −210.9 −5509.78
47 Ferric chloride FeCl3 g −403.34
48 Ferric oxide Fe2O3 159.70 g −822.156
49 Ferric sulfide FeS2 119.98 g −177.9
50 Ferrosoferric oxide Fe3O4 231.55 c −1116.7
51 Ferrous chloride FeCl2 c −342.67 −303.76
(Continued)
9. 416 Appendix
TABLE A.2 (Continued)
Heats of Formation and Combustion
No. Compound Formula
Molecular
Weight State
Δ hf
o
KJ/mol
Δ hc
o
KJ/mol
52 Ferrous oxide FeO 71.85 c −267
53 Ferrous sulfide FeS 87.92 c −95.06
54 Formaldehyde H2CO 30.026 g −115.89 −563.46
55 n-Heptane C7H16 100.20 l −224.4 −4816.91
g −187.8 −4853.48
56 n-Hexane C6H14 86.17 l −198.8 −4163.1
g −167.2 −4194.753
57 Hydrogen H2 2.016 g 0 −285.84
58 Hydrogen bromide HBr 80.924 g −36.23
59 Hydrogen chloride HCl 36.465 g −92.311
60 Hydrogen cyanide HCN 27.026 g 130.54
61 Hydrogen sulfide H2S 34.082 g −20.15 −562.589
62 Iron sulfide FeS2 119.98 c −177.9
63 Lead oxide PbO 223.21 c −219.2
64 Magnesium chloride MgCl2 95.23 c −641.83
65 Magnesium
hydroxide
Mg(OH)2 58.34 c −924.66
66 Magnesium oxide MgO 40.32 c −601.83
67 Methane CH4 16.041 g −74.84 −890.4
68 Methyl alcohol CH3OH 32.042 l −238.64 −726.55
g −201.25 −763.96
69 Methyl chloride CH3Cl 50.49 g −81.923 −766.63
70 Methyl cyclohexane C7H14 98.182 l −190.2 −4565.29
g −154.8 −4600.68
71 Methyl
cyclopentane
C6H12 84.156 l −138.4 −3937.7
g −106.7 −3969.4
72 Nitric acid HNO3 63.02 l −173.23
aq −206.57
73 Nitric oxide NO 30.01 g 90.374
74 Nitrogen dioxide NO2 46.01 g 33.85
75 Nitrous oxide N2O 44.02 g 81.55
76 n-Pentane C5H12 72.15 l −173.1 −3509.5
g −146.4 −3536.15
77 Phosphoric acid H3PO4 98.00 c −1281
aq −1278
78 Phosphorus P4 123.90 c 0
79 Phosphorus
pentoxide
P2O5 141.95 c −1506
(Continued)
10. 417Appendix
TABLE A.2 (Continued)
Heats of Formation and Combustion
No. Compound Formula
Molecular
Weight State
Δ hf
o
KJ/mol
Δ hc
o
KJ/mol
80 Propane C3H8 44.09 l −119.84 −2204.0
g −103.85 −2220.0
81 Propene C3H6 42.078 g 20.41 −2058.47
82 n-Propyl alcohol C3H8O 60.09 g −255 −2068.6
83 n-Propylbenzene C6H5·CH2·C2H5 120.19 l −38.40 −5218.2
g 7.824 −5264.5
84 Silicon dioxide SiO2 60.09 c −851.0
85 Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 84.01 c −945.6
86 Sodium bisulfate NaHSO4 120.07 c −1126
87 Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 105.99 c −1130
88 Sodium chloride NaCl 58.45 c −411.00
89 Sodium cyanide NaCN 49.01 c −89.79
90 Sodium nitrate NaNO3 85.00 c −466.68
91 Sodium nitrite NaNO2 69.00 c −359
92 Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 142.05 c −1384.5
93 Sodium sulfide Na2S 78.05 c −373
94 Sodium sulfite Na2SO3 126.05 c −1090
95 Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3 158.11 c −1117
96 Sulfur S 32.07 c 0
97 Sulfur chloride S2Cl2 135.05 l −60.3
98 Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.066 g −296.90
99 Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.066 g −395.18
100 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 98.08 l −811.32
aq −907.51
101 Toluene C6H5CH3 92.13 1 11.99 −3909.9
g 50.000 −3947.9
102 Water H2O 18.016 l −285.840
g −241.826
103 m-Xylene C6H4(CH3)2 106.16 l −25.42 −4551.86
g 17.24 −4594.53
104 o-Xylene C6H4(CH3)2 106.16 1 −24.44 −4552.86
g 19.00 −4596.29
105 p-Xylene C6H4(CH3)2 106.16 l −24.43 −4552.86
g 17.95 −4595.25
106 Zinc sulfate ZnSO4 161.45 c −978.55
aq −1059.93
Note: Heats of formation and combustion of compounds at 25°C. Standard states of products
for Hˆ
c
0 are CO2 (g), H2O (l), N2 (g), SO2 (g), and HCl (aq).
11. 418 Appendix
Appendix A.2
Table A.3 contains heat capacity equations for organic and inorganic com-
pounds as a function of temperature.
Forms Heat Capacity
1. Cp J/(mol)(K or °C) = a + bT + cT 2 + dT 3
2. Cp J/(mol)(K or °C) = a + bT + cT−2
