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What is - duck typing is a style of dynamic typing in which  ,[object Object],and  ,[object Object],rather than its inheritance from  -  ,[object Object],specific interface. DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE Presented by Abdun Nur Tomal
Define - may be phrased as follows: "When I see a bird that walks like a duckand swims like a duck and quacks like a duck, I call that bird a duck.“ In duck typing, one is concerned with just those aspects of an object that are  ,[object Object]
rather than with the type of the object itself.  DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
For example :- ,[object Object],one can create a function that takes an object of type Duck and calls that object's -walk and -quack methods.  ,[object Object],>the equivalent function would take an object of any type and  >call that object's walk and quack methods.  >If the object does not have the methods that are called then the function signals a run-time error.  >It is this action of any object having the correct walk and quack methods being accepted by the function that evokes the quotation and hence the name of this form of typing. DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
example :- ,[object Object]
relying on documentation, clear code, and testing to ensure correct use.
pseudo-code for a duck typed language:function calculate(a, b, c) => return (a+b)*c  example1 = calculate (1, 2, 3) example2 = calculate ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], 2)  example3 = calculate ('apples ', 'and oranges, ', 3)  printto_string example1  printto_string example2  printto_string example3 ,[object Object],9 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]  apples and oranges, apples and oranges, apples and oranges DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
[object Object]

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Programming style - duck type

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. rather than with the type of the object itself.  DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. relying on documentation, clear code, and testing to ensure correct use.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. The only requirement thatfunction calculate needs in its variables is having the "+" and the "*" methods.
  • 10. The duck test can be seen in the following example:As far as the function in_the_forest is concerned, the Person object is a duck: class Duck: def quack(self): print("Quaaaaaack!") def feathers(self): print("The duck has white and gray feathers.") class Person: def quack(self): print("The person imitates a duck.") def feathers(self): print("The person takes a feather from the ground and shows it.") def name(self): print("John Smith") defin_the_forest(duck): duck.quack() duck.feathers() def game(): donald = Duck() john = Person() in_the_forest(donald) in_the_forest(john) game() DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
  • 11.
  • 12. Resources – Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_typing#Concept_examples Dr. Dobb’s http://drdobbs.com/cpp/184401971 http://drdobbs.com/open-source Big Dingus http://bigdingus.com/2007/12/08/just-what-is-this-javascript-object-you-handed-me/ Apache Commons http://commons.apache.org/proxy/ DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE
  • 13. Resources – Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_typing#Concept_examples Dr. Dobb’s http://drdobbs.com/cpp/184401971 http://drdobbs.com/open-source Big Dingus http://bigdingus.com/2007/12/08/just-what-is-this-javascript-object-you-handed-me/ Apache Commons http://commons.apache.org/proxy/ DUCK TYPING PROGRAMMING STYLE