2. OBJECTIVES
• To create an awareness on Engineering Ethics and
Human Values.
• To instill moral and social values and loyalty and to
appreciate the rights of others.
2GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
3. ENGINEERING PROFESSION
• Engineering is the “People Serving Profession”
• Technical, economical, environmental development
Disasters
Factors responsible
Over Confidence (Titanic)
Impatience (Space Shuttle Challenger Explosion)
Negligence and Poor maintenance (Bhopal Gas Tragedy)
3GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
4. CONTD …..
The objectives of ‘Professional Ethics and Human Values’
are:
(a) to understand the Moral values that ought to guide the
Engineering profession,
(b) resolve the moral issues in the profession,
(c) justify the moral judgment concerning the profession
4GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
5. WHAT IS ETHICS?
• Ethics (Greek Ethos) commonly refers only to Professional
Behavior
• Branch of knowledge that deals with moral principles
• A set of moral principles, meaning attitude of a community,
people, or system
• Moral principles that govern a persons behavior
• Ethics refers to Standards Of Conduct . . . That indicate How
One Should Behave Based on . . .Principles of Right and Wrong.
As a Practical Matter, Ethics is about How we Meet the Challenge
Of Doing the Right Thing ….art of human being ….. Form good
citizen
5GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
6. ETHICS
ETHICS
• Rules and Ideas for Human Behavior. They tell us what we ought to
do.
• System of Moral Principles Governing Behaviors and Relationships
• Standards of Right and Wrong
• How to live a good life
• Our rights and responsibilities
• Good and bad
ENGINEERING ETHICS
• The Systematic study of the rules and ideals of the Engineering
Profession. 6GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
7. CONTD ….
• A person who knows the difference between right and wrong
and chooses right is moral. A person whose morality is
reflected in his willingness to do the right thing – even if it is
hard or dangerous – is ethical
• Ethics - A set of moral principles, meaning attitude of a
community, people, or system
7GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
8. ETHICS AND PROFESSIONALISM
Engineers create products and processes to Improve
Food Production, Shelter, Energy, Communication,
Transportation, Health, and Protection against Natural
Calamities—and to enhance the convenience and beauty
of our everyday lives.
Ethics involves appreciating the vast positive dimensions
of Engineering that so deeply enrich our lives.
8GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
9. WHAT IS ENGINEERING ETHICS ?
According to Martin and Schinzinger (1996), Engineering
Ethics relate to;
(1) The study of the Moral Issues and Decisions
Confronting Individuals and Organizations involved in
Engineering;
(2) The Study of Related Questions about Moral Conduct,
Character, Policies, and Relationships of People and
Corporations involved in Technological Activity 9GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
10. WHY STUDY ETHICS? / WHY IMPORTANT?
• When students enter the Professional World, they are
expected to follow an Explicit or Implicit Ethical Code.
• To responsibly Confront Moral Issues raised by
Technological Activity
• How to deal with Ethical Dilemmas in their Professional
Lives?
• Engineering Ethics should be studied because it is
important, both in contributing to safe and useful
technological products and in giving meaning to
10GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
11. WHY ETHICS IN ENGINEERING?
• The National Society of Professional Engineers
(NSPE) is the most widely recognized Governing
Body of Engineers which decides the overall
Standards and Codes of Ethics for all the
Engineering Professions in US and serves as a
reference point for other bodies in the world. 11GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
12. CONTD …..
The Preamble of the NSPE Code of Conduct for Engineers
(2007) states
• “Engineers shall at all times recognize that their primary
obligation is to protect the Safety, Health, Property, and
Welfare of the Public. If their Professional Judgment is
overruled under circumstances where the Safety, Health,
Property, or Welfare of the Public are Endangered, they
shall notify their Employer or Client and such other
Authority as may be appropriate.”
12GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
13. CONTD ….
• Engineering occurs at the Confluence of Technology,
Science, and Business
• Engineering is done by People and for People
• Engineers’ Decisions have a Impact on all Three Areas in
the Confluence
• The Public Nature of an Engineer’s work ensures that
Ethics will always play a role
13GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
14. PERSONAL VS. PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
• distinction between Personal Ethics and Professional, or Business, Ethics,
although there isn’t always a clear boundary between the two.
• Personal Ethics deals with how we treat others in our day-to-day lives.
Many of these principles are applicable to Ethical situations that occur in
Business and Engineering.
• However, Professional Ethics often involves choices on an Organizational
Level rather than a Personal Level. Many of the problems will seem
different because they involve relationships between two Corporations,
between a Corporation and the Government, or between Corporations
and Groups of Individuals.
(FLEDDERMANN,
2012)
14GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
15. SITUATIONS OF ETHICAL ISSUES
• Engineering Ethics is concerned with the question of
what the Standards in Engineering Ethics should be and
How to apply these Standards to Particular situations.
15GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
16. Situations where Ethical issues can arise:
• Design, Testing, Manufacturing, Sales, Service
• Supervision and Project Teams
• Project Timelines and Budgets
• Expectations, Opinions, or Judgments
• Products: Unsafe or Less than useful
• Inferior Materials or Components
• Harmful Effects to Society
16GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
17. CONTD ….
Other fields where Ethics are Critical
• Medical Ethics
• Legal Ethics
• Business Ethics
• Scientific Ethics
17GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
18. ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
• Truthfulness
• Honesty
• Loyal
• Respect
• Fairness
• Integrity
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 18
19. MORALS
• Latin word MORES --- any quality of human action
• Greek word MOS ----- custom
• Morals are the social, cultural and religious beliefs or
values of an individual or group which tells us what is
right or wrong.
• They are the rules and standards made by the society or
culture which is to be followed by us while deciding what
is right.
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 19
20. CONTD ….
• They are edited , changed or modified to suit a region in
accordance with development in science and technology and with
time.
MORAL PRINCIPLES
• Be loyal
• Be generous
• Be patient
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 20
21. CONTD …
• Tell the Truth
• Keep your promises
• Do not cheat
• Do not vandalize property
• Have courage
• Do not judge others
• Respect others
• Treat others as you want to be treated
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 21
22. GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 22
Basis for Comparison MORALS ETHICS
Meaning Morals are the beliefs of the
individual or group as to
what is right or wrong.
Ethics are the guiding
principles which help the
individual or group to decide
what is good or bad.
Root Word Mos - Custom Ethikos – Character
Applicability in Business No Yes
Consistency Morals may differ from
society to society and culture
to culture.
Ethics are generally uniform
Deals with Principles of right and
wrong
Right and wrong conduct
Governed by Social and cultural norms Individual or Legal and
Professional norms
What is it ? General principles set by group Response to a
specific situation
23. ETHICS, MORALS, AND THE LAW
MORALS
• Principles of Right and Wrong
ETHICS
• A Set of Moral Principles Guiding Behavior and Action
LAWS
• Binding Codes of Conduct; formally recognized and enforced
• Company Policies
23GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
24. VALUES
24GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
• Values are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or
actions. They help us to determine what is important to us.
• PERSONAL VALUES - “Broad desirable goals that motivate people’s actions and
serve as guiding principles in their lives”
25. SCHWARTZ 10 MOTIVATIONALLY DISTINCT
TYPES OF VALUES FOUND TO BE UNIVERSAL
IN APPLICATION
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 25
26. CONTD….
• SELF-DIRECTION - FREEDOM, CREATIVITY
• STIMULATION -. EXCITING LIFE, DARING
• HEDONISM -. PLEASURE
• ACHIEVEMENT - AMBITIOUS, SUCCESSFUL
• POWER - WEALTH, AUTHORITY
• SECURITY -. SOCIAL ORDER, FAMILY SECURITY, CLEANLINESS
• CONFORMITY - POLITENESS, SELF-DISCIPLINE, RESPECT
• TRADITION - RESPECT FOR TRADITIONS, MODEST, HUMBLE
• BENEVOLENCE - LOYAL, RESPONSIBLE, HELPFUL, FORGIVING
• UNIVERSALISM -. EQUALITY, WISDOM, WORLD OF PEACE, SOCIAL JUSTICE, PROTECTING THE
ENVIRONMENT
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 26
27. WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF "HUMAN
VALUES?"
• Human values are the principles, standards, and beliefs
that people adopt as their guidelines in daily activities.
• Principal human values are the foundation on which
professional ethics are built.
• They are a set of consistent measures and behaviors that
individuals choose to practice in the pursuit of doing
what is right or what is expected of them by society.
• Most laws and legislation are shaped by human values
27GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
28. FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN VALUES
• Respect and consideration for others
• Interconnection between humankind and the
environment and thus the need to care and preserve the
earth
• Importance of integrity and service
• attitude of non – violence
• Individual and collective quest for peace and happiness
28GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
29. CONTD ….
• Examples of human values include love, kindness,
justice, peace, honesty, respect, openness, loyalty and
equality.
• Human values are universal and are important
considerations to take into account, when interacting
with other people. These values help to create bonding
between people of different nationalities, race, religious
beliefs and cultures
29GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE
30. CORE HUMAN VALUES
• Right Conduct
• Peace
• Love
• Truth
• Non violence
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 30
31. VALUES RELATED TO RIGHT CONDUCT
• Care of possessions
• Self reliance
• Tidy appearance
• Good behaviour
• Good manners
• Good relationship
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 31
32. CONTD …
• Code of conduct
• Courage
• Efficiency
• Perseverance
• Punctuality
• Respect for all
• Responsibility
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 32
33. VALUES RELATED TO TRUTH
• Accuracy
• Curiosity
• Fairness
• Fearlessness
• Honesty
• Integrity
• Justice
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 33
34. CONTD …
• Purity
• Sincerity
• Trust
• Truthfulness
• Determination
• Synthesis
• Spirit of enquiry
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 34
35. VALUES RELATED TO LOVE
• Acceptance
• Affection
• Care
• Compassion
• Consideration
• Empathy
• Dedication
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 35
36. CONTD ….
• Devotion
• Forgiveness
• Forbearness
• Friendship
• Generosity
• Gentleness
• Humanness
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 36
37. CONTD …
• Interdependence
• Kindness
• Patience
• Patriotism
• Sacrifice
• Selflessness
• Sharing
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 37
38. VALUES RELATED TO NON - VIOLENCE
• Benevolence
• Compassion
• Concern for others
• Consideration
• Happiness
• Loyalty
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 38
39. CONTD …
• Morality
• Brotherhood
• Care of environment
• Citizenship
• Equality
• National awareness
• Social justice
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 39
40. VALUES RELATED TO PEACE
• Attention
• Calmness
• Concentration
• Dignity
• Equality
• Faithfulness
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 40
41. CONTD …
• Focus
• Gratitude
• Happiness
• Harmony
• Optimism
• Patience
• Satisfaction
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 41
42. INTEGRITY
• Unity of thought, word and honesty.
• Refers to the quality of person’s character
• It includes the capacity to communicate the factual information so
that others can make well-informed decisions
• Moral integrity is defined as a virtue, which reflects a consistency
of one’s attitudes, emotions, and conduct in relation to justified
moral values
• Latin word Integer – Whole or CompleteGE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 42
43. WORK ETHICS
• Industry and society are the two systems which interact with each
other and are interdependent
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 43
44. WORK ETHICS
• Work ethic is the ability to maintain proper moral values within the
workplace. It is an attitude that shapes the way an individual
performs the job duties with high moral standards.
• It is an inherent attitude that an individual possesses and it allows
him to make decisions and perform his duties with positive moral
values that include elements like integrity, responsibility, high
quality, discipline, humility and teamwork.
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 44
45. ELEMENTS OF WORK ETHICS
Characteristics of work ethics includes
• Interpersonal skills
• Initiative
• Being dependable
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 45
46. CONTD….
It improves the quality of life and makes life purposeful,
successful and happy.
By work ethics, duties to the self, family, society, and nation are
fulfilled
Rights of the individuals are respected and nourished.
Values and virtues are cultivated
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 46
47. SERVICE LEARNING
• Teaching and learning strategy that integrates community service with
institution and reflection to enrich the learning , teach civic
responsibility and strengthen communities.
• Service Learning refers to Learning the Service Policies, Procedures,
Norms, and Conditions, other than ‘The Technical Trade Practices’.
• The Service Learning includes the Characteristics of the Work, Basic
Requirements, Security of the Job, and awareness of the Procedures,
while taking decisions and actions.
• It helps the individuals to interact ethically with colleagues, to effectively
coordinate with othersGE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 47
48. CONTD ….
• Alternatively, Service Learning may be defined as the
Non-paid Activity, in which Service is provided on
Voluntary basis to the Public
• In Industrial Scenario, Adoption, Study, and Development
of Public Health or Welfare or Safety System of a Village
or School is an example of Service Learning by the
EmployeesGE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 48
49. CIVIC
• CIVIC means “of” , relating to, or belonging to a city,
citizen, citizenship, municipal society.
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 49
50. CIVIC VIRTUE
• Virtues are Desirable Attitudes or Character Traits,
Motives and Emotions that enable us to be Successful
and to act in ways that Develop our Highest Potential
• Civic Virtues are the Moral Duties and Rights, as a Citizen
of the Society . An Individual may exhibit Civic Virtues by
Voting, Volunteering, and Organizing Welfare Groups .
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 50
51. CIVIC VIRTUE / RIGHTS
• To Vote the Local or State Government.
• To Contest in the Elections to the Local or State Government.
• To Establish a Green and Safe Environment, Pollution Free,
Corruption Free, and to Follow Ethical Principles. People are said to
have the Right to Breathe in Fresh Air, by not Allowing Smoking in
Public.
• People have Inalienable Right to Accept or Reject a Project in their
area. One has the Right to Seek Legal Remedy, in this Respect,
through Public Interest Petition.
GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING, IV ECE, SXCCE 51
