This document from the Indian Dental Academy discusses the principles of maxillofacial surgery. It covers topics such as painless surgery using local anesthesia with or without sedation or general anesthesia, the importance of asepsis and sterilization to prevent surgical site infections, ensuring adequate surgical access through incisions and bone removal, arresting hemorrhage, debriding and draining wounds, closing wounds with various suture techniques, and post-operative care including management of pain, antibiotics, swelling and diet. The document provides details on various surgical procedures and principles to follow for successful maxillofacial surgery outcomes.
Principles of oral surgery.. (nx power lite) /certified fixed orthodontic cou...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses dental suturing materials and techniques. It begins by outlining the objectives and requisites of suture materials, such as high tensile strength, sterility, and biocompatibility. The document then classifies suture materials based on factors like absorbability, source, structure and coating. Specific natural and synthetic absorbable and non-absorbable suture materials are described in detail. Principles of suturing techniques and different suturing techniques like interrupted, continuous, and mattress stitches are explained. Suturing instruments and needles are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of principles of suture and flap design for oral surgery. It discusses the basic principles of incision and flap design, including types of incisions and flaps for different procedures. It also covers different types of sutures and needles that can be used, including absorbable and non-absorbable sutures. Basic suturing techniques like simple interrupted, continuous, and mattress sutures are also outlined. The document is intended as a guide for surgical skills and procedures in oral surgery.
Instruments in major oral and maxillofacial surgeryDrKamini Dadsena
A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions and carrying out desired effects during surgery or operations.
The document provides steps for placing stainless steel crowns (SSCs) on primary teeth. Key points include:
1. Teeth are prepared with occlusal, proximal, and gingival reductions to allow proper adaptation of preformed SSCs.
2. SSCs are contoured and crimped as needed before cementation.
3. SSCs provide a durable restoration for restoring extensively decayed primary teeth and are easier to place than amalgam.
This document discusses complications that can occur during and after oral surgery procedures and how to prevent them. It describes various intraoperative complications including soft tissue injuries, injuries to osseous structures, fractures, root displacement, and injuries to adjacent structures. Postoperative complications discussed include bleeding, ecchymosis, infection, and dry socket. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough preoperative planning including patient assessment, radiographs, a surgical plan, and proper surgical technique to minimize complications.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses concepts related to occlusion and jaw movements. It defines key terms like centric occlusion, supporting cusps, non-supporting cusps, and types of jaw motions. It describes the characteristics of supporting and non-supporting cusps, different types of jaw movements, and concepts like canine guidance and group function. The document emphasizes that posterior tooth contacts should only occur in maximum intercuspation and notes the importance of avoiding non-working side contacts in restorative dentistry.
Principles of oral surgery.. (nx power lite) /certified fixed orthodontic cou...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses dental suturing materials and techniques. It begins by outlining the objectives and requisites of suture materials, such as high tensile strength, sterility, and biocompatibility. The document then classifies suture materials based on factors like absorbability, source, structure and coating. Specific natural and synthetic absorbable and non-absorbable suture materials are described in detail. Principles of suturing techniques and different suturing techniques like interrupted, continuous, and mattress stitches are explained. Suturing instruments and needles are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of principles of suture and flap design for oral surgery. It discusses the basic principles of incision and flap design, including types of incisions and flaps for different procedures. It also covers different types of sutures and needles that can be used, including absorbable and non-absorbable sutures. Basic suturing techniques like simple interrupted, continuous, and mattress sutures are also outlined. The document is intended as a guide for surgical skills and procedures in oral surgery.
Instruments in major oral and maxillofacial surgeryDrKamini Dadsena
A surgical instrument is a specially designed tool or device for performing specific actions and carrying out desired effects during surgery or operations.
The document provides steps for placing stainless steel crowns (SSCs) on primary teeth. Key points include:
1. Teeth are prepared with occlusal, proximal, and gingival reductions to allow proper adaptation of preformed SSCs.
2. SSCs are contoured and crimped as needed before cementation.
3. SSCs provide a durable restoration for restoring extensively decayed primary teeth and are easier to place than amalgam.
This document discusses complications that can occur during and after oral surgery procedures and how to prevent them. It describes various intraoperative complications including soft tissue injuries, injuries to osseous structures, fractures, root displacement, and injuries to adjacent structures. Postoperative complications discussed include bleeding, ecchymosis, infection, and dry socket. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough preoperative planning including patient assessment, radiographs, a surgical plan, and proper surgical technique to minimize complications.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses concepts related to occlusion and jaw movements. It defines key terms like centric occlusion, supporting cusps, non-supporting cusps, and types of jaw motions. It describes the characteristics of supporting and non-supporting cusps, different types of jaw movements, and concepts like canine guidance and group function. The document emphasizes that posterior tooth contacts should only occur in maximum intercuspation and notes the importance of avoiding non-working side contacts in restorative dentistry.
It shows methods of gingival retraction and its recent advances.
gingival retraction is done prion to tooth preparation or impression making to widen the gingival sulcus for easy access to the margin around tooth that is prepared.
Orientation relation with facebow and hinge axis and abvance in facebowPratik Hodar
This document provides information about orientation jaw relations and the terminal hinge axis. It defines orientation jaw relations as the relationship between the maxilla and cranium in the anteroposterior, lateral, and vertical planes. It discusses how the terminal hinge axis is the axis around which pure rotation occurs when the mouth is opened widely and the condyles are in their most superior position. The document also reviews the history of debates around the hinge axis and different studies that have been conducted on the topic.
The document discusses various techniques for making impressions for implant prostheses. It describes the materials needed and outlines implant level and abutment level impression methods, including open tray, closed tray, direct, and indirect techniques. Splinting multiple implants is recommended to improve accuracy. The importance of minimizing errors in impression making is discussed to ensure proper seating of components and interfaces between impressions posts and analogues. A literature review found that implant and abutment level impression techniques did not have significantly different effects on marginal discrepancy. Precise impressions are important to decrease prosthetic failures and ensure proper fit and function of dental implants.
sterization and asepsis in maxillofacial surgeryJoel D'silva
The document discusses sterilization, disinfection and asepsis. It provides historical context on the development of practices like hand washing and use of antiseptics from figures like Holmes, Sommelweis and Lister. It defines key terms and describes various physical and chemical methods of sterilization and disinfection like heat, radiation, filtration and chemicals. These methods are used to sterilize different medical equipment and maintain aseptic techniques important for preventing surgical infections.
After a tooth extraction, several options are available for administering antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs. Oral administration is generally the most convenient and economical route but may result in incomplete drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Parenteral routes like intravenous and intramuscular injection allow for more rapid and precise dosing but are more invasive and require more medical skill. Topical administration can help minimize systemic side effects. Selection of the appropriate antibiotic considers the infection severity, ability to drain the infection source, and patient's immune status, aiming to use the narrowest spectrum drug with the lowest toxicity. Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem promoted by misuse and overuse of antibiotics.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
This document discusses various aspects of oral surgery preparation and procedures. It covers definitions of oral surgery, pre-surgical evaluation and preparation, asepsis and sterilization techniques, surgical staff preparation, incision types, flap design principles, tissue handling techniques, hemostasis, suturing, wound decontamination and debridement, and edema control. The document provides details on each topic to thoroughly outline the process of oral surgery.
The document discusses the principles and techniques of exodontia, or tooth extraction. It begins by defining exodontia as the painless removal of a whole tooth or root with minimal trauma. It then lists the minimum essential equipment needed and discusses pre-surgical evaluation including clinical and radiographic examination. Key techniques covered include forceps extraction, elevator extraction, and open or transalveolar extraction involving bone removal. Post-operative care of the extraction socket is also addressed.
This document discusses surgical approaches for treating mandibular condylar fractures. It describes several transcutaneous approaches like pre-auricular, retromandibular, and submandibular as well as intraoral endoscopic approaches. The preauricular approach involves making incisions above and below the tragus to expose the condylar head and neck. The retromandibular approach requires an incision behind the ramus to dissect through the parotid gland and expose the condylar neck. Selection of the best surgical approach depends on factors like the fracture level, existing lacerations, need for exposure, and risk of complications.
An altered cast procedure to improve tissue supportCPGIDSH
The document discusses an altered cast technique for removable partial dentures. The technique involves making an impression of the edentulous ridge after the metal framework is cast. This refined impression is used to alter the edentulous areas of the master cast, accurately reproducing the supporting tissues. This provides correct denture base extension and favorable physiologic support when seated. The technique offers benefits like reducing adjustments and preserving residual ridges by improving stress distribution. Two case examples demonstrate using the altered cast technique for mandibular and maxillary removable partial dentures.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
02 jonathan olesu - mouth guards and mouth protectionjonolesu
The document discusses mouth guards and mouth protection. It provides a history of mouth guards from their origins as crude gum shields made by boxers to their modern development. It describes the key types of mouth guards including stock, boil-and-bite, and custom-made varieties. Custom mouth guards provide the best fit and protection but also have the highest cost. The document outlines the fabrication process for custom mouth guards and explains how mouth guards work by lengthening the time of impact and distributing force over a larger area through the elastic properties of materials like EVA.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses various techniques for socket management and ridge preservation after tooth extraction, including closed socket preservation, open socket preservation and ridge augmentation, and delayed implant placement. It provides details on atraumatic extraction, use of biomaterials like collagen membranes and bone grafts, flap designs, and the benefits of preserving as much of the alveolar ridge as possible to prevent resorption and allow for better implant placement. The overall goal is to maintain ridge dimensions and maximize regenerative potential at each stage of treatment.
Working length is the distance from a coronal reference point to the point where canal preparation and obturation should terminate. It is important to determine working length precisely using radiographs or electronic apex locators. The radiographic method involves measuring the total length of the tooth on preoperative radiographs, subtracting 1mm as a safety factor, and confirming length under radiograph after instrumentation. Electronic apex locators use electric current to detect the apical foramen. Tactile methods are unreliable due to risk of over-instrumentation or under-instrumentation.
1. The history of fracture management began in ancient times with techniques like wiring of fractures. Over centuries, methods evolved from external fixation to internal plates and screws.
2. Key developments included the introduction of plates and screws in the late 1800s, compression plates in the 1930s-40s, and miniplates in the 1970s. The AO/ASIF principles in the 1970s revolutionized internal fixation using dynamic compression plates.
3. For midface fractures, techniques included transosseous wiring at different levels, as well as suspension wires like frontal and circumzygomatic wiring to suspend mobile segments. Disadvantages included airway issues and loss of function with prolonged immobilization.
The primary success metric of dental implants is achieving osseointegration, which is influenced by many factors including implant design, surface treatments, as well as treatment method. Implant drilling is also a major influential factor.
Maxillofacial prosthodontics / dental implant courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
It shows methods of gingival retraction and its recent advances.
gingival retraction is done prion to tooth preparation or impression making to widen the gingival sulcus for easy access to the margin around tooth that is prepared.
Orientation relation with facebow and hinge axis and abvance in facebowPratik Hodar
This document provides information about orientation jaw relations and the terminal hinge axis. It defines orientation jaw relations as the relationship between the maxilla and cranium in the anteroposterior, lateral, and vertical planes. It discusses how the terminal hinge axis is the axis around which pure rotation occurs when the mouth is opened widely and the condyles are in their most superior position. The document also reviews the history of debates around the hinge axis and different studies that have been conducted on the topic.
The document discusses various techniques for making impressions for implant prostheses. It describes the materials needed and outlines implant level and abutment level impression methods, including open tray, closed tray, direct, and indirect techniques. Splinting multiple implants is recommended to improve accuracy. The importance of minimizing errors in impression making is discussed to ensure proper seating of components and interfaces between impressions posts and analogues. A literature review found that implant and abutment level impression techniques did not have significantly different effects on marginal discrepancy. Precise impressions are important to decrease prosthetic failures and ensure proper fit and function of dental implants.
sterization and asepsis in maxillofacial surgeryJoel D'silva
The document discusses sterilization, disinfection and asepsis. It provides historical context on the development of practices like hand washing and use of antiseptics from figures like Holmes, Sommelweis and Lister. It defines key terms and describes various physical and chemical methods of sterilization and disinfection like heat, radiation, filtration and chemicals. These methods are used to sterilize different medical equipment and maintain aseptic techniques important for preventing surgical infections.
After a tooth extraction, several options are available for administering antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs. Oral administration is generally the most convenient and economical route but may result in incomplete drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Parenteral routes like intravenous and intramuscular injection allow for more rapid and precise dosing but are more invasive and require more medical skill. Topical administration can help minimize systemic side effects. Selection of the appropriate antibiotic considers the infection severity, ability to drain the infection source, and patient's immune status, aiming to use the narrowest spectrum drug with the lowest toxicity. Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem promoted by misuse and overuse of antibiotics.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
This document discusses various aspects of oral surgery preparation and procedures. It covers definitions of oral surgery, pre-surgical evaluation and preparation, asepsis and sterilization techniques, surgical staff preparation, incision types, flap design principles, tissue handling techniques, hemostasis, suturing, wound decontamination and debridement, and edema control. The document provides details on each topic to thoroughly outline the process of oral surgery.
The document discusses the principles and techniques of exodontia, or tooth extraction. It begins by defining exodontia as the painless removal of a whole tooth or root with minimal trauma. It then lists the minimum essential equipment needed and discusses pre-surgical evaluation including clinical and radiographic examination. Key techniques covered include forceps extraction, elevator extraction, and open or transalveolar extraction involving bone removal. Post-operative care of the extraction socket is also addressed.
This document discusses surgical approaches for treating mandibular condylar fractures. It describes several transcutaneous approaches like pre-auricular, retromandibular, and submandibular as well as intraoral endoscopic approaches. The preauricular approach involves making incisions above and below the tragus to expose the condylar head and neck. The retromandibular approach requires an incision behind the ramus to dissect through the parotid gland and expose the condylar neck. Selection of the best surgical approach depends on factors like the fracture level, existing lacerations, need for exposure, and risk of complications.
An altered cast procedure to improve tissue supportCPGIDSH
The document discusses an altered cast technique for removable partial dentures. The technique involves making an impression of the edentulous ridge after the metal framework is cast. This refined impression is used to alter the edentulous areas of the master cast, accurately reproducing the supporting tissues. This provides correct denture base extension and favorable physiologic support when seated. The technique offers benefits like reducing adjustments and preserving residual ridges by improving stress distribution. Two case examples demonstrate using the altered cast technique for mandibular and maxillary removable partial dentures.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
02 jonathan olesu - mouth guards and mouth protectionjonolesu
The document discusses mouth guards and mouth protection. It provides a history of mouth guards from their origins as crude gum shields made by boxers to their modern development. It describes the key types of mouth guards including stock, boil-and-bite, and custom-made varieties. Custom mouth guards provide the best fit and protection but also have the highest cost. The document outlines the fabrication process for custom mouth guards and explains how mouth guards work by lengthening the time of impact and distributing force over a larger area through the elastic properties of materials like EVA.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses various techniques for socket management and ridge preservation after tooth extraction, including closed socket preservation, open socket preservation and ridge augmentation, and delayed implant placement. It provides details on atraumatic extraction, use of biomaterials like collagen membranes and bone grafts, flap designs, and the benefits of preserving as much of the alveolar ridge as possible to prevent resorption and allow for better implant placement. The overall goal is to maintain ridge dimensions and maximize regenerative potential at each stage of treatment.
Working length is the distance from a coronal reference point to the point where canal preparation and obturation should terminate. It is important to determine working length precisely using radiographs or electronic apex locators. The radiographic method involves measuring the total length of the tooth on preoperative radiographs, subtracting 1mm as a safety factor, and confirming length under radiograph after instrumentation. Electronic apex locators use electric current to detect the apical foramen. Tactile methods are unreliable due to risk of over-instrumentation or under-instrumentation.
1. The history of fracture management began in ancient times with techniques like wiring of fractures. Over centuries, methods evolved from external fixation to internal plates and screws.
2. Key developments included the introduction of plates and screws in the late 1800s, compression plates in the 1930s-40s, and miniplates in the 1970s. The AO/ASIF principles in the 1970s revolutionized internal fixation using dynamic compression plates.
3. For midface fractures, techniques included transosseous wiring at different levels, as well as suspension wires like frontal and circumzygomatic wiring to suspend mobile segments. Disadvantages included airway issues and loss of function with prolonged immobilization.
The primary success metric of dental implants is achieving osseointegration, which is influenced by many factors including implant design, surface treatments, as well as treatment method. Implant drilling is also a major influential factor.
Maxillofacial prosthodontics / dental implant courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document summarizes key principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). It covers pre-surgical evaluation and preparation, basic surgical necessities like visibility and assistance, infection control techniques, types of incisions and flap design, tissue handling techniques, hemostasis methods, wound closure approaches, and post-operative care considerations like edema control and nutrition. The document provides details on each topic and cites relevant studies to support the discussed principles.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Minimally invasive dentistry aims to control dental disease through early detection and least invasive treatment methods. It focuses on remineralizing early lesions and performing minimal surgical procedures. Recent advances include new cavity classification systems, preparation techniques like tunnels and slots, and caries removal methods like air abrasion, sonoabrasion, and chemomechanical removal. The Atraumatic Restorative Technique and Interim Therapeutic Restoration were developed to provide basic dental care using only hand instruments and restorative materials like glass ionomer cement. Lasers can also be used for caries prevention, removal and cavity preparation with minimal thermal damage to surrounding tooth structure.
Failures of endosseous dental implants/ laser dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Implant supported maxillofacial prosthesis./ lingual orthodontics coursesIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Gingival retraction techniques for implants versus teeth/ cosmetic dentistry ...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Pre and post surgery final /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Implant supported maxillofacial prosthesis/cosmetic dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
This document discusses maxillofacial prosthodontics and the use of osseointegrated implants to support facial prostheses. It covers the history and development of maxillofacial osseointegration, differences from oral osseointegration, advantages over adhesives, criteria for success, and treatment planning considerations. Key aspects include improved retention and stability of prostheses supported by implants compared to adhesives, as well as increased longevity, comfort, and hygiene. Success rates are generally high but lower for irradiated patients. Careful patient selection and consideration of medical conditions is important.
Clinical management of edentulous maxillectomy /prosthodontic coursesIndian dental academy
This document discusses the clinical management of edentulous maxillectomy patients through various phases of prosthetic restoration. It covers surgical enhancements, the use of surgical, interim and definitive obturator prostheses, and techniques for improving speech and reducing complications. The goal is to rehabilitate the anatomical defects caused by maxillectomy surgery through multiple prosthetic steps.
Suture materials /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
This document discusses principles of suturing in surgery. It describes the history of sutures and various suture materials including both absorbable and non-absorbable natural and synthetic options. Key properties of different suture materials like tensile strength, absorption time, and tissue reactivity are explained. Common suturing techniques including interrupted, continuous, and mattress sutures are outlined. Knot tying methods and considerations for suture selection and placement are also summarized.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Exodontia /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Suture materials /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses laparoscopic appendectomy techniques and results from United Family Intermed Hospital and Gurvan Gal Hospital. It begins with a brief introduction of laparoscopic appendectomy history and the key steps of the procedure. It then summarizes results from 101 patients, noting common appendicitis types, low complication rates, and short hospital stays. It concludes with a literature review comparing laparoscopic and open appendectomy outcomes, risks for obese patients, and emerging minimally invasive techniques.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Diagnosis, treatment planning, restoration of clas srevised / dental implant ...Indian dental academy
This document discusses various methods for diagnosing and treating dental caries lesions in children. It covers diagnostic tools including visual, tactile, radiographic and laser methods. It emphasizes the importance of developing a treatment plan tailored to each child's needs and cooperation level. The treatment planning process involves assessing risk factors, communicating with parents, performing preventive procedures initially, and gradually introducing more complex restorations over multiple appointments to reduce anxiety. Isolation techniques like saliva ejectors, cotton rolls and rubber dams are also described.
The document discusses surgical and prosthetic techniques for maxillofacial rehabilitation following cancer resection, noting that the goal is to restore both function and cosmesis through a combination of surgery, such as skin grafting, and prosthetics like obturators and implants to replace missing structures of the maxilla, mandible, ear, nose, and orbit. A multidisciplinary approach between surgeon and prosthodontist is emphasized to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
Similar to Principles of surgery (nx power lite) /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy (20)
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Dental tissues and their replacements/ oral surgery courses
Principles of surgery (nx power lite) /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
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2. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
• Painless surgery
• Asepsis & sterilization
• Adequate access
• Arrest of haemorrhage
• Debridement & drainage
• Closure of wounds
• Post operative care
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3. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
Painless Surgery
• Pre-medication
• Anaesthetic considerations
• Local
• Local and sedation
• General
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4. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
Goals of Pre medication
• Sedation
• Amnesia
• Analgesia
• Drying of airway secretions
• Prevention of autonomic reflex responses
• Reduction of gastric secretions
• Antiemetic effects
• Reduction of anaesthetic requirements
• Facilitation of smooth induction of anaesthesia
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5. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Selection of appropriate drugs
Considerations • Psychological condition
• Physical status
• Age
• Surgical procedures & its duration
• Out patient or in patient procedure
• Elective or emergency
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6. Common Pre-operative Drugs
Drug
Route
Diazepam
Oral
Midazolam
I.M.
Pentobarbitol
Oral, I.M.
Morphine
I.M.
Meperedine
I.M.
Atropine
I.M., I.V.
(Anticholinergic)
Scopolamine
I.M.,I.V.
Metoclopramide Oral, I.M.,I.V.
(Antiemetic)
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Dose
5 to 20 mg.
3 to 7 mg.
50 to 200 mg.
5 to 15 mg.
5 to 15 mg.
0.3 to 0.6 mg
0.3 to 0.6 mg
5 to 20 mg.
7. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Painless surgery
Local Anaesthesia Majority of the minor oral surgical procedures
are carried out under local anaesthesia
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8. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Painless surgery
Local anaesthesia with sedation In apprehensive patients minor surgical procedures
are carried out under local anaesthesia combined
with intra-venous sedation using • Diazepam 5 to 20 mg
• Midazolam 3 to 7 mg
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9. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Indications for general anaesthesia
• Acute infections (Ludwig’s Angina)
• Surgery in several parts of the mouth
• Prolonged surgery
• Technically difficult surgery
• Extremes of age
• Very nervous patients
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10. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Asepsis & sterilisation
Asepsis
Method of surgery designed to prevent introduction
of infection into a wound at the time of operation
Sterilisation
Removal or disinfection of all micro-organisms
including bacterial spores and virus
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11. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Sources of infection during surgery
• Patient himself
• Operator
• Instruments & materials used
• Operating area
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12. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Minimising infection from the patient
• Attention to oral hygiene
• Oral prophylaxis
• Chlorhexidine / betadine mouth washes
• Preparation of the mouth prior to surgery
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13. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Minimising infection from the operator
• Wearing mask & head cap
• Keeping finger nails short & clean
• Removing rings, watches, bangles
• Scrubbing the hands
• Wearing sterile gloves
• Aseptic procedure
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14. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Are gloves really safe??
Study to access the risk of glove puncture during
oral surgery (Burke et al 1996)
• Incidence of 16%
• More in the left hand glove
• Highest incidence during surgical extraction
• Avoid – Double gloving, non-perforated gloves
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15. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Accidental injury / prick
What to do??
• Stop the procedure
• Check for depth of penetration / injury
• Check pt’s status – investigate for HIV & HbSAg
• Apply pressure over the area to avoid spread
• Promote bleeding and wash with soap under tap water
• If pt. seropositive then start on antivirals / immunoglobulin
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16. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Risk of cross infection
HIV
• Percutaneous exposure – 0.4 %
• Start on Zidovudine within 4 hours
HbSAg
• Percutaneous exposure – 20 %
• Conc. of virus in blood more than HIV
HbSAg – 1012 particles / ml , HIV – 104 particles / ml
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17. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Preventing infection from instruments
• Using only sterilised instruments and materials
during surgery
• Avoiding contamination & minimizing extraoral
contact
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18. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Methods of sterilisation
• Moist heat
-
autoclave
• Dry heat
-
hot air oven
-
Glutaraldehyde
-
Ethylene oxide
• Boiling water
• Chemicals
• Gamma rad.
• Gases
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19. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
What is the reliable method of Sterilisation?
Moist heat (autoclave)
Types
-
high vaccum
-
Downward displacement
Temperature required - 121° c
Pressure
- 15 to 20 pounds
Time
- 15 to 20 mts.
Mode of action - coagulation of proteins
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20. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Hot air oven sterilisation
• Temperature
-
160 to 183° c
• Time
-
1 hour
• Mode of action -
Oxidation
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21. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Minimising iatrogenic infection
• Clean environment
Daily & meticulous cleansing of surfaces
Fumigation
• Regular microbiological monitoring of facilities
Swabs from different areas - CST
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22. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access
• Oral cavity - Mucoperiosteal flaps
• Face
- Skin incisions
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23. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access - intra oral
Principles of muco periosteal flaps
• Visibility
• Vascularity
• Healing
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24. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access – intra oral
Muco periosteal flap
• Flap consisting mucosa and periosteum
Design
Visibility
• Large enough to provide adequate access
Viability
• Broad base with narrow margin to provide
proper blood supply
Healing
• Line of incision should be placed on sound bone
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30. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access
Removal of bone
• Bone is removed either by using surgical burs or
chisel
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31. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access
Instruments for bone removal
1. Chisel
2. Osteotome
3. Gouge
4. Ronguers
5. Bone file
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32. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Access
Removal of bone using burs
• Ideally micromotor is used with either rosehead or
straight fissure burs
• Copious saline irrigation during use to prevent
thermal necrosis of bone
• Avoid airotor due to risk of surgical emphysema
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33. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Methods to arrest haemorrhage
Soft tissue –
• Digital pressure
• Pressure packs
• Use of haemostat
• Ligation of blood vessels
• Electro cautery
Bone –
• Burnishing
• Hot pack
• Use of bone wax
• Absorbable haemostatic agents
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34. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Debridement of wound
Removal of
• Devitalised tissue
• Granulation tissue
• Bone pieces
• Hanging bone margins
Trimming of flap margins
Proper irrigation
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35. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Drainage of wounds to prevent
haematoma
Drains :
• Corrugated rubber
• Polythene tube
Kept till drainage subsides (48hrs)
Daily irrigation with antiseptic solution
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36. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of wounds - reasons for suturing
• To get close approximation of wound margins
• To ensure healing by primary intension
• To minimise wound contamination
• To control post-operative haemorrhage
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37. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of wounds -types of sutures
Interrupted suture
• Most commonly used to close
mucoperiosteal flaps and skin
Advantages
• Better in mobile areas
• Alternate sutures can be removed
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38. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of wounds
Mattress suture - horizontal
• Tissues under tension
• To get slight eversion of wound margins
• To prevent scar contraction
• To control post extraction bleeding
• Does not cut through tissues
• Used for sectioned muscles
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39. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of wounds
Mattress suture - Vertical
• Tension in tissues
• Eversion of wound margins
• Better adaptation
• Where healing is expected to be delayed
• Control of haemorrhage
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40. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of
wounds
Sub cuticular
• To prevent dead space and for
cosmetic reasons
Continuous suture
• Closing subcutaneous tissues
• Long mucosal & skin incisions
• Sectioned muscle
Disadvantage - only two knots if
one knot breaks failure of suturing
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41. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Closure of wounds
Suture materials - Requirements
• Adequate tensile strength
• Knot retension
• No tissue reaction
• Absorbability
• Ease of handling
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42. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Post Operative care
• Pain
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Diet
• Sutures
• Review
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43. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Post operative pain
Pain Mechanisms
• Peripheral tissue injury
• Transmission through the nerves
• Perception within the brain
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44. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Post operative pain
Target areas for pain control
• Blockade of Prostaglandin synthesis
• Intervening peripheral nerve conduction
• Suppression of higher sites in CNS
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45. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Post operative pain
Strategies • Mild pain - Pre and post operative NSAIDS,
Regular LA agent
• Moderate pain – Pre and post operative NSAIDS
Long acting LA agent.
• Severe pain – Pre and post operative NSAIDS
Long acting LA agent
Centrally acting analgesics (codiene)
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46. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Who needs it?
• Patients with impaired host defense.
• Patients undergoing surgical procedures where the
risk of infection is small but consequences are very
serious e.g., infective endocarditis.
• Patients undergoing surgical procedures which have
a high rate of infections (normal host defense mechanisms),
but the nature of surgery renders the patient vulnerable
to infection.
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47. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Use of antibiotics
Guidelines
• No routine use of post operative antibiotics
• Acute infections
- Penicillin group
• Subacute infection - Penicillin and Metronidazole
• Chronic infection - Metronidazole
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48. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic prophylaxis
What should be the duration of administration?
A study conducted using three different antibiotic
regimens suggested that a single dose of preoperative
antibiotic is sufficient for prophylaxis when surgery is
completed within 3 hours. Antibiotic coverage should
extend for operations of longer duration. No value of
antibiotic after the operation.
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49. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic prophylaxis
Has timing any influence?
Administration of antibiotic immediately prior
to surgical incision should be effective prophylaxis
for surgical wound infections.
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50. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic combinations
Advantages
• Broad Spectrum coverage
• Poly microbial infections
• Enhancement of antimicrobial effect
• Decreased emergence of resistant strains
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51. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic combinations
Disadvantages
• Antagonism
• Increased colonization with resistant organisms
• Increased toxicity
• Increased cost
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55. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Antibiotic resistance
• Unresponsiveness of a micro-organism to an
antimicrobial agent
• Either natural or acquired (mutation / gene transfer)
• Reasons:
Increased virulence of micro-organisms
Decreased host resistance
Altered biological activity of the drug
Indiscriminate use by the clinician
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57. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Prevention of drug resistance
• No indiscriminate & inadequate or unduly
prolonged or sub therapeutic doses be
administered.
• Prefer rapidly acting & narrow spectrum when
ever possible.
• Use combination of antimicrobial agents when
prolonged therapy is undertaken
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58. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Swelling or Oedema
Physiology of cold and heat
• Cold application immediately - Prevents oedema
after Surgery
• Warmth after oedema
has occured
- Resolves oedema
• Use of anti-inflammatory agents
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59. Principles of maxillofacial surgery
Postoperative care
• Proper oral hygiene instructions
• Regular warm saline gargles more so in case sutures are
placed
• Dietary advice – adequate intake (proteins)
• Sutures to be removed after 7 days unless absorbable used
• Review to assess the outcome of surgery
• Manage any complications / refer if necessary
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60. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
Common Minor Surgical Procedures
Impacted lower third molar
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64. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
Preprosthetic Surgery
“ Making of satisfactory artificial dentures
starts with the extraction of the teeth ”
- Willard (1853)
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71. Principles of Maxillofacial Surgery
IN A NUTSHELL..
• Proper diagnosis and systematic approach
• Investigate thoroughly if in doubt
• Medical status alters treatment outcome
• Aseptic procedure with appropriate instruments
• Adherence to principles at every step
• Appropriate medications postoperatively
• Follow up and rehabilitation
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72. Thank you
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