This document discusses primary health care and the role of nurses in primary health care. It defines primary health care as health care that is accessible, affordable and participatory. It outlines the key elements of primary health care including health education, nutrition, sanitation, maternal/child care, immunization, disease prevention/control and essential treatment. The principles of primary health care are described as equitable distribution, community participation, intersectoral coordination, appropriate technology and prevention. The document then discusses the roles and functions of nurses in primary health care, including direct care provider, health educator, care planner/manager, and guide/supervisor.
The Role of the Veterinarian in One Health ProgramDr. Fakhar
Today’s veterinarians are the only doctors educated to protect the health of both animals and people. They work hard to address the health and needs of every species of animal and they also play a critical role in environmental protection, food safety, animal welfare and public health.
Presented By:
Dr. Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
DVM, M.Phil CMS
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Contact: fakharealam786@hotmail.com
Animal welfare refers to the relationship people have with animal and the duty they have to assure that the animal under their care are treated humanely and responsibly.
The Role of the Veterinarian in One Health ProgramDr. Fakhar
Today’s veterinarians are the only doctors educated to protect the health of both animals and people. They work hard to address the health and needs of every species of animal and they also play a critical role in environmental protection, food safety, animal welfare and public health.
Presented By:
Dr. Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
DVM, M.Phil CMS
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Contact: fakharealam786@hotmail.com
Animal welfare refers to the relationship people have with animal and the duty they have to assure that the animal under their care are treated humanely and responsibly.
Presented by Hung Nguyen-Viet and Jakob Zinsstag at a technical workshop of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) regional initiative on One Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–13 October 2017.
Nexus between One Health, nutrition and food safetyILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Dang Xuan Sinh, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Asia-Pacific regional symposium on sustainable food systems for healthy diets and improved nutrition, Bangkok, Thailand, 10–11 November 2017.
Ecohealth perspectives: From Ecohealth theory to practice (case studies)ILRI
Presentation by Fred Unger at an FAO-APHCA/OIE/USDA regional workshop on prevention and control of neglected zoonoses in Asia, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan, 15-16 July 2015.
Inter-sectoral collaboration for One Health implementation in Vietnam: traini...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Scott Newman, Pham Duc Phuc, Dao Thu Trang and David Payne at the first International Symposium on One Health Research, Guangzhou, China, 22-23 November 2014.
Public health is dependent on animal health in rural areas because poor animal health directly affects the human food supply. Veterinary public health entails the diagnosis, surveillance, epidemiology, control, prevention and elimination of Zoonoses. Unsatisfactory implementation of stringent disease control, meat inspectorate and drug dispensation legislations prevents the efficient production of food of animal origin; creating obstacles to international trade in animals and animal products and hence an impediment to overall socioeconomic development
This presentation describes the Evolution of Community Medicine from the word hygiene to public health to preventive and social medicine to community medicine . It is a very simple presentation which describes difference between doctor ,good doctor and a very good doctor. It also includes recent IAPSM ( INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE) definition of Community Medicine and what are the key functions of Community Medicine Specialist. it also describes concept of Socialized Medicine.
Emerging infectious diseases in China: the One Health approach Harm Kiezebrink
This report on the UN China One Health event (June 2011) is focusing on diseases at the human-animal-interface. ‘One Health’ and ‘Ecohealth’ are ways of thinking about, approaching and investigating diseases that go beyond the traditional pathogen-centric approach.
By examining the complex issues that result in disease emergence and transmission and this information can be used to implement better disease control and preventive measures.
One of the conclusions is that the rapid development in Asia means that the complex effects of changes to ecosystems not always have been discussed or examined in a way that takes account of the positive and negative effects of development.
For highly pathogenic avian influenza it has been important to understand how the disease emerged and spread so that appropriate measures could be implemented.
Presented by Hung Nguyen-Viet and Jakob Zinsstag at a technical workshop of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) regional initiative on One Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–13 October 2017.
Nexus between One Health, nutrition and food safetyILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Dang Xuan Sinh, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Asia-Pacific regional symposium on sustainable food systems for healthy diets and improved nutrition, Bangkok, Thailand, 10–11 November 2017.
Ecohealth perspectives: From Ecohealth theory to practice (case studies)ILRI
Presentation by Fred Unger at an FAO-APHCA/OIE/USDA regional workshop on prevention and control of neglected zoonoses in Asia, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan, 15-16 July 2015.
Inter-sectoral collaboration for One Health implementation in Vietnam: traini...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Scott Newman, Pham Duc Phuc, Dao Thu Trang and David Payne at the first International Symposium on One Health Research, Guangzhou, China, 22-23 November 2014.
Public health is dependent on animal health in rural areas because poor animal health directly affects the human food supply. Veterinary public health entails the diagnosis, surveillance, epidemiology, control, prevention and elimination of Zoonoses. Unsatisfactory implementation of stringent disease control, meat inspectorate and drug dispensation legislations prevents the efficient production of food of animal origin; creating obstacles to international trade in animals and animal products and hence an impediment to overall socioeconomic development
This presentation describes the Evolution of Community Medicine from the word hygiene to public health to preventive and social medicine to community medicine . It is a very simple presentation which describes difference between doctor ,good doctor and a very good doctor. It also includes recent IAPSM ( INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE) definition of Community Medicine and what are the key functions of Community Medicine Specialist. it also describes concept of Socialized Medicine.
Emerging infectious diseases in China: the One Health approach Harm Kiezebrink
This report on the UN China One Health event (June 2011) is focusing on diseases at the human-animal-interface. ‘One Health’ and ‘Ecohealth’ are ways of thinking about, approaching and investigating diseases that go beyond the traditional pathogen-centric approach.
By examining the complex issues that result in disease emergence and transmission and this information can be used to implement better disease control and preventive measures.
One of the conclusions is that the rapid development in Asia means that the complex effects of changes to ecosystems not always have been discussed or examined in a way that takes account of the positive and negative effects of development.
For highly pathogenic avian influenza it has been important to understand how the disease emerged and spread so that appropriate measures could be implemented.
CM 17.3 Principals of Primary Health Care.pptxAnjali Singh
HEALTH CARE SCENARIO:
Health care has always been a problem area for India, a nation with a large population and a larger percentage of this population living in urban slums and in rural area, below the poverty line.
Before independence the health structure was in dismal condition i.e. high morbidity and high mortalities, and prevalence of infectious diseases. Since independence emphasis has been put on Primary Health Care and we have made considerable progress in improving the Health Status of the country.
CG:Central Government
PH:Primary Health
MCH:Maternal and Child Health
Health is a human right, which has also been accepted in the constitution. Its accessibility and affordability has to be insured. While the well-to-do segment of the population both in rural & urban areas have acceptability and affordability to wards medical care, at the same time cannot be said about the people who belong to poor segment of the society. It is well known that more then 75% of the population utilizes private sectors for medical care unfortunately medical care becoming costlier day by day and it has become almost out of reach of the poor people. Today there is need for injection of substantial resources in the health sectors to ensure affordability of medical care to all. Health insurance is an important option, which needs to be considered by the policy makers and planners.
The New York Health Care Proxy Law allows you to appoint someone you trust ... care agent, you can make sure that health care providers follow your wishes.
INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Primary Health Care” came into existence, following a joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference at Alma-Ata, USSR on 12th September 1978.
The governments of 134 Countries and many voluntary agencies at Alma-Ata Conference called for acceptance of WHO goal of “Health for All by 2000 AD” and proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieving Health for All.
This approach has been described as “Health by the people” and “placing people’s health in people’s hand”.
Primary Health Care is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system, where essential health care is provided.
At this level that health care will be most effective within the context of the area’s need and limitations.
DEFINITION
• Primary Health Care is defined as,
“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically, sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-determination.”
• The Alma-Ata Conference defined Primary Health Care as follows: -
“Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford.”
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• It is essential health care, which is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology.
• It should be rendered universally acceptable to individuals and the families in the community through their full participations.
• Its availability should be at a cost, which the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in a spirit of self-reliance and self-development.
• It requires joint efforts of the health sector and other health related sector like education, food and agriculture, social welfare, animal husbandry, housing, etc.
ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of Primary health care,
1. Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious diseases.
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases.
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
8. Provision of essential drugs.
PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
1) Equitable distribution: -
Health service must be shared equally by all people irrespective to their ability to pay.
Primary health care aims to redress ‘Social injustice’ by shifting the centre of gravity of health care system from c
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
3. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• “Primary Health Care is essential
health care made universally
accessible to individuals &
acceptable to them, through their full
participation & at a cost the
community & country can afford”.
6. ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE
1.Education concerning prevailing
health problem & the methods of
preventing & controlling them.
2.Promotion of food supply &
proper nutrition.
7. 3.An adequate supply of safe
water & basic sanitation.
4.Maternal & child health care,
including family planning.
10. PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE
• 1.Equitable distribution.
• 2.Community participation.
• 3.Intersectoral coordination.
• 4.Appropriate technology.
• 5. Prevention
11. EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION
• Health services must be shared
equally by all people irrespective
of their ability to pay.
• Rich or poor / rural or urban must
have access to health services.
12. • 80% percentage of people live in
rural areas & only 20% live in the
urban areas, but the proportion
of the health services is grossly
inversely propotionate.ie, 80% of
people are catered by only 20%
& 20% are catered by 80% of
health services.
13. • This has been termed as social
injustice.
• Primary Health Care aims to readdress
this imbalance by shifting the centre
of gravity of the health care system
from cities to the rural areas, & bring
these services as near people’s home
as possible.
14. COMMUNITY
PARTICIPATION
• Involvement of the individuals &
community in promotion of their
own health & welfare, is an essential
ingredient of primary health care.
15. • There must be a continuing effort to
secure meaningful involvement of
the community in planning,
implementing & maintenance of
health services, besides maximum
reliance on local resources such as
manpower, money & materials.
16. • One approach – the VHG & Trained
Dais has been successfully tried in
India.
• They are selected by the local
community & trained locally in the
delivery of primary health care to the
community they belong.
17. • By overcoming cultural &
communication barriers, they provide
primary health care in ways that are
acceptable to the community.
• It is now considered that “Health
Guides” & “Trained Dais” are an
essential feature of primary health care
in India.
18. • It is now considered that “Health Guides”
& “Trained Dais” are an essential feature
of primary health care in India.
• These concepts are revolutionary. They
have been greatly influenced by the
experience in China where community
participation in the from of “bare foot
doctors” took place on an unprecedented
scale.
20. • The declaration of Alma Ata states
that primary health care involves in
addition to health sector, all related
sectors & aspects of national &
community development, in
particular agriculture, animal
husbandry, food, industry,
education, housing, public works,
communication & other sectors.
21. • To achieve such cooperation,
countries may have to review their
administrative system, reallocate
their resources & introduce suitable
legislation to ensure that
coordination can take place.
• This requires a strong political will
to translate values into action.
23. APPROPRIATE
TECHNONOLOGY
• Appropriate technology has been
defined as “technology that is
scientifically sound, adaptable to local
needs, & acceptable to those who apply
it & for those whom it is used & that cab
be maintained by the people
themselves in keeping with the
principles of self reliance with the
resources the community & country can
afford”.
24. • The term appropriate is emphasized
because in some countries luxurious
hospitals that are totally
inappropriate to the local needs, are
built, which absorb a major part of
the national health budget,
effectively blocking many
improvement in general health
services.
25. • This also implies use of costly
equipments, procedures &
techniques when cheaper,
scientifically valid & acceptable
ones are available. (ORS packets
over house to house sand pipe
connections)
34. ROLE OF A NURSE
• The role of a nurse to deal health
needs and health problems of
people at community level was
realized by WHO in 1970s.
35. • The same was recognized in 1977
during 30th WHO Assembly and
also during International
Conference on Primary Health
care in 1978 at Alma Ata.
36. • The participants at the meeting
suggested to change/ modify
basic, post basic and continuing
education so that nurses are
prepared to fit into national
health care system and meet
health care needs of people in
the context of primary health
care.
37. • In 1970, the International
Council of Nurses affirmed its
commitment to primary health
care.
38. • It felt since nurses provide and
continue to provide large part of
health care in most countries,
their training should and role in
health care must be enlarged
and enriched to fit into the
changing health care approach.
39. • It suggested changes in nursing
curriculum, nursing practice and
nursing administration so that
nurses can participate from
decision making level to grass
root level and contribute to
primary health care approach
effectively.
40. • The Trained Nurses Association
of India (TNAI) affirmed its
commitment to HFA through
primary Health Care in its
conference on Nursing Education
in 1979.
41. • It recommended to prepare
nurses to work in the
community, to re-orient nurses
to primary health care, to have
nurses at decision making
position at the centre and state
level and have more nurses in
the district and primary health
centres.
42. • The Indian Nursing Council (INC)
revised and modified the
curriculum for ANM and BSc.,
Nursing ( to prepare nurses to
perform primary health care
roles and functions)
43. • WHO study group in 1985
highlighted the following roles
and functions of nurses in
primary health care.
44. 1.DIRECT CARE PROVIDER
• The nurse provide direct care to
individual, families and
community with reference to 8
elements of primary health care.
45. E.g.,
• For MCH care the nurse has to
identify pregnant mothers, register
them, conduct complete physical
and obstetrical examination,
identify high risk factors, give TT
injection, IFA tablets, and health
educate them about diet, rest and
sleep, exercise etc.
46. 2. HEALTH EDUCATOR &
TEACHER
• In order to promote health, prevent
disease, regain and maintain
health, the nurse educates
individuals, families and
community at large about healthful
behaviour, sanitary environment,
prevention of diseases etc.,
47. • Whatever she does, even the
care of the sick at home, she
educates family members to take
are of the sick in her absence
and also other preventive
measures.
48. • As a teacher, she trains other
health workers such as ANMs,
health Guides, Village Dais.
49. 3. PLANNER & CARE MANAGER
• The nurse working for primary
health care makes assessment of
health needs, health problems of
individuals, families and
community.
50. • The nurse plans care accordingly
for them and implements the
planned care.
• The nurses involves individuals,
families and community in
planning and implementing of
the care.
51. • The nurses makes use of the
community resources and guides
them in giving care.
• The nurse listens to and
communicates with them and
advise them accordingly.
52. • She makes referrals when
required.
• She maintains the record of care
given and evaluates the
effectiveness of the same.
53. 4. GUIDE & SUPERVISOR
• As a nurse engaged in providing
primary health care, she is
expected to supervise, guide and
help other personnel in
providing care, planning health
services for families and for the
community.
55. • Provide integrated
comprehensive primary health
care service related to 8 essential
elements.
• Mobilize involvement of
individuals, families and
community in providing primary
health care.
56. • Surveillance of locally endemic
diseases.
• Training and supervision of
health workers.
57. • Working in collaboration with
other socioeconomic sectors.
• Maintenance of accurate,
complete and up-to-date records
of health care services rendered.
58. • Monitoring and analysis of
health condition to determine
the progress in primary health
care.