compilation on primary healthcare

2. Elements / Components of
primary health care
The alma declaration has outlined 8 essential
component of health care…

3. 1. Education about prevailing health problems
and methods of preventing and controlling
them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper
nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic
sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including
family planning.

4. 5. Immunization against infectious
diseases.
6. Appropriate treatment of common
disease and injury.
7. Prevention and control of endemic
disease.
8. Provision of essential drugs.

5. Principles of primary health care
1. Equitable distribution:
• The first key principle in primary health care
strategy equitable distribution of health
service.
• Health service must be shared equally by all
people irrespective of their ability to pay and
all rich or poor , urban or rural must have
access to health services.

6. • At present, health services are mainly
concentrated in major towns and cities , an
the needy group of population is in rural areas
and urban slums.
• This is termed as Social Justice.

7. 2. Community participation.
• The involvement of individuals , families , and
communities in promotion of their own health
and welfare is an essential ingrident of
primary health care.
• Community must involve in planning ,
implementation and maintanace of health
services .

8. 3. Intersectoral coordination ( Multi sectoral
approach ):
• An important element of intersectoral
coordination is planning , i.e. planning with other
sector to avoid unnessary duplication af activities.
• Oral health care could be integrated into general
health programs by tackling common causes , by
including oral health into general health
education.

10. 4. Appropriate technology :
• It is defined as Technology that is scientifically
sound , adaptable to local needs and
acceptable to those who apply it and for those
whom it is used, and that can be maintained
by people themselves in keeping with the
principle of self reliance with resources and
community and country can afford.

11. • The term appropriate signifies that beside
being scientifically sound , the technology is
also :
 Effective
Acceptable to those who apply it
Acceptable to those who use it
In keeping with local culture
Capable of future development
Simple to design and use
Easily understood by people
Easily understood by health volunteers

12. 5. Focus on prevention :
• Treatment of illness and rehabilitation are
important since communities rightly except
rightly except treatment services and may be
less interested in other services unless
accompanied by curative services.
• Health services should however not only by
curative but should also promote health and
healthy lifestyle with emphasis on
prevention.