Getting Buyers Through Trade Fairs and the Internet Lena Argosino
The document discusses the importance of production planning and quality control for businesses. It recommends that Island Gifts & Deco participate in trade fairs and use the internet to attract importers, as this allows for face-to-face meetings and demonstrations of products. It also advises the company to diversify and continuously develop new products given the decreasing demand in their current product categories. This will help them stay innovative and pursue new opportunities. Production planning and quality control are crucial as they ensure a business can efficiently meet production goals and customer demand while maintaining quality standards.
This document outlines the key sectors involved in agricultural production and marketing - from inputs like seeds and fertilizers, to production by farmers and corporations, processing by food and other industries, marketing by retailers and exporters, and final consumption by households and institutions. It also notes various factors like climate, prices, policies, and information flows that influence how agricultural products move from production to consumption.
The document appears to be a survey asking respondents to rank their level of agreement with 10 statements about McDonald's rebranding strategy and new restaurant image. The statements gauge impressions of McDonald's aiming for a more upscale look, whether the rebranding reflects objectives well and has improved performance versus competitors, how well McDonald's has adapted to modernization and trends, whether the rebranding will drive growth, provide a competitive advantage over direct competitors, whether customers will like a more social store design, whether the new layout suits young adult customers, whether it will attract more customers, and whether the makeover will increase dine-in satisfaction levels.
This document discusses how the colors of company logos can manipulate emotions by their psychological associations. It provides examples of how red in the Red Bull logo suggests intensity to fit their athletic brand image. Research on color psychology found that red suggests intensity and passion, blue suggests trust and calm, yellow suggests energy and freshness, and the colors of other company logos like McDonald's, Starbucks, and UPS are intentionally chosen to trigger specific positive emotions in viewers' subconscious minds related to the company and its products or services.
The document summarizes key aspects of consumer decision making processes and service operations management. It describes the three stages of consumer decision making as the prepurchase stage, consumption stage and post-purchase evaluation stage. It also outlines factors that influence consumer decisions at each stage. Regarding operations management, it discusses concepts like the technical core, buffering environmental influences, bottlenecks and strategies for positioning a service through specialization, volume or penetration approaches.
Ethical behaviour in buying and selling in retailLena Argosino
The document discusses ethical behavior in various aspects of retail merchandise buying and selling. It addresses ethical sourcing of merchandise, selling practices, and relationships between retailers and employees. Specifically, it discusses sourcing from reputable suppliers, treating customers respectfully, avoiding commercial bribery, selecting products customers want to buy, using company assets appropriately, and handling job switching ethically. The overall message is that retailers must conduct business honestly and prioritize strong relationships with partners and customers.
Getting Buyers Through Trade Fairs and the Internet Lena Argosino
The document discusses the importance of production planning and quality control for businesses. It recommends that Island Gifts & Deco participate in trade fairs and use the internet to attract importers, as this allows for face-to-face meetings and demonstrations of products. It also advises the company to diversify and continuously develop new products given the decreasing demand in their current product categories. This will help them stay innovative and pursue new opportunities. Production planning and quality control are crucial as they ensure a business can efficiently meet production goals and customer demand while maintaining quality standards.
This document outlines the key sectors involved in agricultural production and marketing - from inputs like seeds and fertilizers, to production by farmers and corporations, processing by food and other industries, marketing by retailers and exporters, and final consumption by households and institutions. It also notes various factors like climate, prices, policies, and information flows that influence how agricultural products move from production to consumption.
The document appears to be a survey asking respondents to rank their level of agreement with 10 statements about McDonald's rebranding strategy and new restaurant image. The statements gauge impressions of McDonald's aiming for a more upscale look, whether the rebranding reflects objectives well and has improved performance versus competitors, how well McDonald's has adapted to modernization and trends, whether the rebranding will drive growth, provide a competitive advantage over direct competitors, whether customers will like a more social store design, whether the new layout suits young adult customers, whether it will attract more customers, and whether the makeover will increase dine-in satisfaction levels.
This document discusses how the colors of company logos can manipulate emotions by their psychological associations. It provides examples of how red in the Red Bull logo suggests intensity to fit their athletic brand image. Research on color psychology found that red suggests intensity and passion, blue suggests trust and calm, yellow suggests energy and freshness, and the colors of other company logos like McDonald's, Starbucks, and UPS are intentionally chosen to trigger specific positive emotions in viewers' subconscious minds related to the company and its products or services.
The document summarizes key aspects of consumer decision making processes and service operations management. It describes the three stages of consumer decision making as the prepurchase stage, consumption stage and post-purchase evaluation stage. It also outlines factors that influence consumer decisions at each stage. Regarding operations management, it discusses concepts like the technical core, buffering environmental influences, bottlenecks and strategies for positioning a service through specialization, volume or penetration approaches.
Ethical behaviour in buying and selling in retailLena Argosino
The document discusses ethical behavior in various aspects of retail merchandise buying and selling. It addresses ethical sourcing of merchandise, selling practices, and relationships between retailers and employees. Specifically, it discusses sourcing from reputable suppliers, treating customers respectfully, avoiding commercial bribery, selecting products customers want to buy, using company assets appropriately, and handling job switching ethically. The overall message is that retailers must conduct business honestly and prioritize strong relationships with partners and customers.
The document discusses several factors that influence and shape public opinion, including environmental factors like family, friends, school, and work. Values are formed early in life from parents and schools and tend to remain stable. Mass media helps determine public opinion by focusing attention on certain issues. Interest groups also seek to influence public opinion on issues important to their members. Opinion leaders play a major role in defining popular issues and influencing individual views. Polls are used to estimate public views on issues through interviewing a representative sample of citizens.
The document lists the richest businessmen in the Philippines and includes Manny V. Pangilinan, Lucio Tan, and Henry Sy. It provides a short list of the top business tycoons in the country without further details about their business interests or wealth.
Public opinion is shaped by opinion leaders who influence others. Opinion leaders are knowledgeable experts on specific issues who help frame debates. There are two types of public - the attentive public who rely on opinion leaders, and the inattentive public. Individuals adopt new ideas through a five stage process of awareness, interest, trial, evaluation, and adoption. Persuasion involves transmitting messages to induce attitude or behavior change while allowing some free choice. Effective persuasion considers audience analysis, appealing to self-interest, audience participation, clear calls to action, source credibility, message clarity, context, and appropriate communication channels.
Current Situation in Control Strategies and Health Systems in Philippines by ERNESTO d’J. YUSON MD, Thalassemia Center of the Philippines, Balikatang Thalassaemia
The document discusses the medical transcription and business process outsourcing industries in the Philippines. For medical transcription, the Philippines has a large pool of young, English-speaking professionals with medical backgrounds who can accurately transcribe medical reports. The country has strengths like 24/7 work hours and fast turnaround times. For business process outsourcing, the Philippines offers competitive advantages like lower costs, Western-influenced culture, and a skilled English-speaking workforce. The United States and countries in Europe and Asia outsource various business services from the Philippines.
Taglines are short phrases that represent a company and its products or services. Effective taglines are understandable, summarize the offering, build trust, or motivate purchase. They often appear with the company logo. Some examples of well-known taglines included in the document are "Just Do It" for Nike and "The King of Beers" for Budweiser.
The document defines and provides formulas for calculating several common financial ratios used to analyze a company's financial health and performance. These include:
- Current ratio and quick ratio, which measure a company's ability to meet short-term debts and obligations.
- Total asset turnover ratio, rate on net sales to assets, and inventory turnover ratio, which measure how efficiently a company is utilizing its assets to generate sales and revenue.
- Number of days sales in inventory, which indicates how quickly a company is selling and replacing inventory.
- Ratio of liabilities to equity, gross profit margin, net profit margin, and return on assets, which are profitability ratios measuring earnings relative to assets and sales.
Public opinion is shaped by opinion leaders who are well-informed and influential. The life cycle of public opinion involves issue definition, involvement of opinion leaders, public awareness, government action, and resolution. Persuasion aims to change or reinforce opinions and involves techniques like appealing to self-interest and credibility of the message source. Propaganda techniques include bandwagon appeals and transferring qualities by association. Public relations aims to ethically influence opinions through persuasive communication and analysis of the target audience.
1) McDonald's is redesigning its restaurants globally to attract more customers and encourage them to spend more time inside. This includes upgrading interior design and furnishings to feel more comfortable and adding free WiFi.
2) A survey was conducted in Binan, Laguna on McDonald's new upscale design. Results found it created a better impression, clearly reflected marketing objectives, and would attract more customers, especially young adults.
3) However, changing from a fast food image targeting families may face resistance from current Binan consumers accustomed to the old design.
A university student is applying for a 10-week on-the-job training program required for their degree. They believe the experience at the company will help broaden their knowledge in their field of study. The student has enclosed their CV with contact information and references from professors for the company to verify their qualifications and suitability for the traineeship opportunity.
EVALUATING THE COMPETITION IN RETAILING MANAGING THE SUPPLY CHAIN LEGAL AND E...Lena Argosino
This document discusses various concepts related to retail competition and supply chain management. It defines different market structures including pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopolistic competition. It also defines key supply chain terms like direct and indirect supply chains. Finally, it discusses legal and ethical issues retailers may face around pricing, advertising, warranties and restrictions between suppliers and retailers.
The document discusses managing the marketing process and marketing planning. It outlines the purposes of a business plan, which include developing strategy, justifying budgets, and monitoring progress. A marketing plan directs marketing efforts by developing broad objectives and tactics. The marketing process involves analyzing opportunities, researching target markets, developing strategies, planning programs, and controlling the marketing effort. It also discusses analyzing market opportunities, researching and selecting target markets, and positioning offers.
The document discusses a group of senior students preparing for and completing their oral thesis defense, which is a graduation requirement. It describes the stress and nerves they felt leading up to the defense, how they tried to relax and enjoy their preparation time together. On the day of the defense, they demonstrated how they had learned to handle pressure, help each other, make effective use of time, and respect each other's ideas. The defense provided an opportunity for them to showcase their knowledge and was an experience that gave them confidence and proved their abilities and versatility.
The narrative report summarizes an educational exposure trip taken by College of Business and Accountancy students. They assembled at 3:00 am and took 12 buses to various destinations. Their first stop was Chowking for breakfast in Manila. Their tour guide Ms. Maria Gracita Colandrino entertained them on the bus with trivia games. Their first destination was Nature's Spring water bottling plant in Bulacan where they learned how water is bottled. Their next stop was the ARDI Healthcare Center in Pampanga. After lunch at Everybody's Cafe, they visited the Creamline Ice Cream factory to see how ice cream is made. Their last stop was Nayong Pilipino, a theme park showcasing
Chapter 2: Entrepreneurial Intentions and Corporate EntrepreneurshipLena Argosino
This chapter discusses factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions and corporate entrepreneurship. It identifies several motivational factors and orientations that affect an individual's decision to pursue entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability, work history, and support networks. For corporate entrepreneurship, it examines an organization's strategic orientation, culture, top management commitment, and entrepreneurial philosophies regarding opportunities, resources, structure, rewards, and growth.
This document provides guidance on preparing a thesis proposal. It discusses the key components that should be included in a proposal, such as an introduction describing the topic and organization of the paper, a statement of the problem being investigated, the significance and feasibility of the study, a review of related literature, the proposed research design and methodology, a timeline, and a bibliography. An example outline is also provided that structures the proposal into chapters that would introduce the topic, review related work, describe the methodology, present and analyze findings, and provide a conclusion and recommendations. The document emphasizes that a proposal must clearly define the scope of investigation and justify the value and workability of the proposed research.
This document discusses the importance of conducting a demand analysis before starting a business. It defines key terms like market and demand, and explains why demand analysis is the lifeline of feasibility studies and the focal point for determining profitability. The document outlines factors that influence demand and supply, and how to analyze them on both macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. It also addresses how to determine price based on demand and supply trends, and other influencing factors. The end goal of the market study is to develop an effective marketing program to implement the business plan.
This document discusses the financial projections and assumptions required for a feasibility study of a new project. It outlines key factors that must be considered when formulating financial projections, including industry standards, previous feasibility studies, and governmental regulations. Assumptions must be based on realistic and verifiable facts. The document then provides details on determining initial project costs, sources of financing, pro forma financial statements including the income statement, cash flow statement, balance sheet, and financial ratio analyses. Financial analyses tools like break-even analysis, cash flow analysis, and return on investment are also described.
I. Stages of Operational Competitiveness the different levels of customer con...Lena Argosino
I. Stages of Operational Competitiveness
the different levels of customer contact in the service firm
II. Classification of the different strategies in different service operation
The document discusses the new product development process. It begins by defining what constitutes a new product and outlining the key steps in the strategic planning process. The main stages of new product development are then explained in detail: concept generation, pre-technical evaluation, technical development, commercialization, and launch. The document emphasizes that the process must meet 13 key concepts, including integrating cross-functional teams, allowing flexibility, addressing critical points, and providing organizational learning. It concludes by outlining the implications for aspiring new product managers.
The document discusses several factors that influence and shape public opinion, including environmental factors like family, friends, school, and work. Values are formed early in life from parents and schools and tend to remain stable. Mass media helps determine public opinion by focusing attention on certain issues. Interest groups also seek to influence public opinion on issues important to their members. Opinion leaders play a major role in defining popular issues and influencing individual views. Polls are used to estimate public views on issues through interviewing a representative sample of citizens.
The document lists the richest businessmen in the Philippines and includes Manny V. Pangilinan, Lucio Tan, and Henry Sy. It provides a short list of the top business tycoons in the country without further details about their business interests or wealth.
Public opinion is shaped by opinion leaders who influence others. Opinion leaders are knowledgeable experts on specific issues who help frame debates. There are two types of public - the attentive public who rely on opinion leaders, and the inattentive public. Individuals adopt new ideas through a five stage process of awareness, interest, trial, evaluation, and adoption. Persuasion involves transmitting messages to induce attitude or behavior change while allowing some free choice. Effective persuasion considers audience analysis, appealing to self-interest, audience participation, clear calls to action, source credibility, message clarity, context, and appropriate communication channels.
Current Situation in Control Strategies and Health Systems in Philippines by ERNESTO d’J. YUSON MD, Thalassemia Center of the Philippines, Balikatang Thalassaemia
The document discusses the medical transcription and business process outsourcing industries in the Philippines. For medical transcription, the Philippines has a large pool of young, English-speaking professionals with medical backgrounds who can accurately transcribe medical reports. The country has strengths like 24/7 work hours and fast turnaround times. For business process outsourcing, the Philippines offers competitive advantages like lower costs, Western-influenced culture, and a skilled English-speaking workforce. The United States and countries in Europe and Asia outsource various business services from the Philippines.
Taglines are short phrases that represent a company and its products or services. Effective taglines are understandable, summarize the offering, build trust, or motivate purchase. They often appear with the company logo. Some examples of well-known taglines included in the document are "Just Do It" for Nike and "The King of Beers" for Budweiser.
The document defines and provides formulas for calculating several common financial ratios used to analyze a company's financial health and performance. These include:
- Current ratio and quick ratio, which measure a company's ability to meet short-term debts and obligations.
- Total asset turnover ratio, rate on net sales to assets, and inventory turnover ratio, which measure how efficiently a company is utilizing its assets to generate sales and revenue.
- Number of days sales in inventory, which indicates how quickly a company is selling and replacing inventory.
- Ratio of liabilities to equity, gross profit margin, net profit margin, and return on assets, which are profitability ratios measuring earnings relative to assets and sales.
Public opinion is shaped by opinion leaders who are well-informed and influential. The life cycle of public opinion involves issue definition, involvement of opinion leaders, public awareness, government action, and resolution. Persuasion aims to change or reinforce opinions and involves techniques like appealing to self-interest and credibility of the message source. Propaganda techniques include bandwagon appeals and transferring qualities by association. Public relations aims to ethically influence opinions through persuasive communication and analysis of the target audience.
1) McDonald's is redesigning its restaurants globally to attract more customers and encourage them to spend more time inside. This includes upgrading interior design and furnishings to feel more comfortable and adding free WiFi.
2) A survey was conducted in Binan, Laguna on McDonald's new upscale design. Results found it created a better impression, clearly reflected marketing objectives, and would attract more customers, especially young adults.
3) However, changing from a fast food image targeting families may face resistance from current Binan consumers accustomed to the old design.
A university student is applying for a 10-week on-the-job training program required for their degree. They believe the experience at the company will help broaden their knowledge in their field of study. The student has enclosed their CV with contact information and references from professors for the company to verify their qualifications and suitability for the traineeship opportunity.
EVALUATING THE COMPETITION IN RETAILING MANAGING THE SUPPLY CHAIN LEGAL AND E...Lena Argosino
This document discusses various concepts related to retail competition and supply chain management. It defines different market structures including pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopolistic competition. It also defines key supply chain terms like direct and indirect supply chains. Finally, it discusses legal and ethical issues retailers may face around pricing, advertising, warranties and restrictions between suppliers and retailers.
The document discusses managing the marketing process and marketing planning. It outlines the purposes of a business plan, which include developing strategy, justifying budgets, and monitoring progress. A marketing plan directs marketing efforts by developing broad objectives and tactics. The marketing process involves analyzing opportunities, researching target markets, developing strategies, planning programs, and controlling the marketing effort. It also discusses analyzing market opportunities, researching and selecting target markets, and positioning offers.
The document discusses a group of senior students preparing for and completing their oral thesis defense, which is a graduation requirement. It describes the stress and nerves they felt leading up to the defense, how they tried to relax and enjoy their preparation time together. On the day of the defense, they demonstrated how they had learned to handle pressure, help each other, make effective use of time, and respect each other's ideas. The defense provided an opportunity for them to showcase their knowledge and was an experience that gave them confidence and proved their abilities and versatility.
The narrative report summarizes an educational exposure trip taken by College of Business and Accountancy students. They assembled at 3:00 am and took 12 buses to various destinations. Their first stop was Chowking for breakfast in Manila. Their tour guide Ms. Maria Gracita Colandrino entertained them on the bus with trivia games. Their first destination was Nature's Spring water bottling plant in Bulacan where they learned how water is bottled. Their next stop was the ARDI Healthcare Center in Pampanga. After lunch at Everybody's Cafe, they visited the Creamline Ice Cream factory to see how ice cream is made. Their last stop was Nayong Pilipino, a theme park showcasing
Chapter 2: Entrepreneurial Intentions and Corporate EntrepreneurshipLena Argosino
This chapter discusses factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions and corporate entrepreneurship. It identifies several motivational factors and orientations that affect an individual's decision to pursue entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived desirability, work history, and support networks. For corporate entrepreneurship, it examines an organization's strategic orientation, culture, top management commitment, and entrepreneurial philosophies regarding opportunities, resources, structure, rewards, and growth.
This document provides guidance on preparing a thesis proposal. It discusses the key components that should be included in a proposal, such as an introduction describing the topic and organization of the paper, a statement of the problem being investigated, the significance and feasibility of the study, a review of related literature, the proposed research design and methodology, a timeline, and a bibliography. An example outline is also provided that structures the proposal into chapters that would introduce the topic, review related work, describe the methodology, present and analyze findings, and provide a conclusion and recommendations. The document emphasizes that a proposal must clearly define the scope of investigation and justify the value and workability of the proposed research.
This document discusses the importance of conducting a demand analysis before starting a business. It defines key terms like market and demand, and explains why demand analysis is the lifeline of feasibility studies and the focal point for determining profitability. The document outlines factors that influence demand and supply, and how to analyze them on both macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. It also addresses how to determine price based on demand and supply trends, and other influencing factors. The end goal of the market study is to develop an effective marketing program to implement the business plan.
This document discusses the financial projections and assumptions required for a feasibility study of a new project. It outlines key factors that must be considered when formulating financial projections, including industry standards, previous feasibility studies, and governmental regulations. Assumptions must be based on realistic and verifiable facts. The document then provides details on determining initial project costs, sources of financing, pro forma financial statements including the income statement, cash flow statement, balance sheet, and financial ratio analyses. Financial analyses tools like break-even analysis, cash flow analysis, and return on investment are also described.
I. Stages of Operational Competitiveness the different levels of customer con...Lena Argosino
I. Stages of Operational Competitiveness
the different levels of customer contact in the service firm
II. Classification of the different strategies in different service operation
The document discusses the new product development process. It begins by defining what constitutes a new product and outlining the key steps in the strategic planning process. The main stages of new product development are then explained in detail: concept generation, pre-technical evaluation, technical development, commercialization, and launch. The document emphasizes that the process must meet 13 key concepts, including integrating cross-functional teams, allowing flexibility, addressing critical points, and providing organizational learning. It concludes by outlining the implications for aspiring new product managers.
This powerpoint/slide was made for my fourth quarter reporting project in EsP 10. I hope it'll help you guys kahit hindi sa subject na pinaggamitan ko since this topic is connected to different subjects like Araling Panlipunan and Filipino.
Thank you!
The document discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for a proposed bookshop café business. Some of the key strengths are that it will offer coffee, books, and a relaxing ambience, while also being uniquely the first of its kind in the area. However, weaknesses include the risks involved with being a new brand and uncertainty around customer loyalty. Opportunities exist in the growing café market and target location. Threats include competition from cheaper cafés and tea houses, as well as trends away from caffeine.
Entrepreneurship Management Chapter 1: ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE ENTREPRENEURI...Lena Argosino
This document provides an overview of key concepts in entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial mindset. It defines an entrepreneur as someone who takes initiative and bears risk to bundle resources innovatively. Entrepreneurship is creating something new with value through time and effort. The entrepreneurial process involves creating value while assuming financial, psychic and social risks. Other concepts covered include opportunity identification, the entrepreneurial mindset of rapid sensing and acting under uncertainty, and business ethics.
Agribusiness encompasses all operations involved in farm inputs, agricultural production, and distribution of farm products to consumers. It was defined in 1957 as including manufacture and distribution of farm supplies, on-farm production, and storage, processing and distribution of commodities. Agribusiness consists of interrelated subsystems - inputs, production, processing, marketing, and support. It integrates business management with technical agricultural knowledge across the production and distribution process. As a field of study, agribusiness applies both business and scientific principles to manage agricultural enterprises profitably from farm to consumer.
Chapter 6 Legal and Ethical Behavior in RetailingLena Argosino
This document summarizes key legal and ethical constraints and considerations for retailers. It discusses laws around pricing (including price fixing and discrimination), promotions (deceptive advertising and sales practices), products (liability, warranties and safety), supply chains (territorial restrictions and exclusive dealing) and ethics (in buying, selling and treating employees). Retailers must understand and comply with various federal, state and local regulations to operate legally and ethically.
This document discusses the art of public speaking. It defines public speaking as speaking to a group of people in a structured manner to inform, influence, or entertain the audience. Good public speaking requires organizing thoughts logically, tailoring the message to the audience, telling impactful stories, and adapting to listener feedback. While public speaking is more formal than conversation, training in it can improve communication skills. The document provides tips for reducing nervousness, such as gaining experience, preparing thoroughly, thinking positively, and focusing on the audience rather than oneself. Overall, the goal of public speaking is effective communication rather than perfection.
A press release is a written statement provided to media outlets to publicize news or events. It aims to generate news stories and is a fundamental public relations tool. An effective press release reads like a news article, with quotes, sources and timely, newsworthy information about people, organizations or topics of interest. It should not seem overly promotional but rather provide an information subsidy for reporters. Video and audio news releases also aim to shape public opinion by mimicking news reporting formats.
Feasibility Study: Marketing , Technical and Management AspectLena Argosino
This document provides an overview of key considerations for the marketing and technical aspects of a business plan. It discusses conducting demand analysis to identify target markets and competitors. Product description, industry profile, demand segmentation, supply analysis, and marketing strategies are covered. For technical aspects, it outlines examining the production process, equipment needs, facility requirements, capacity, and operating costs. Organization and management factors like business structure and staffing are also mentioned.
The document discusses ethical behavior in various aspects of retail business, including buying and selling merchandise, employee relationships, and interactions with customers. It provides guidance on sourcing merchandise from reputable suppliers, treating employees and customers with respect, and avoiding deceptive sales practices or commercial bribery. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of integrity, quality, and fairness in retail operations.
The document provides an overview of the new product development process. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences:
The new product process involves strategic planning, concept generation, pre-technical evaluation, technical development, commercialization, and product launch. It should integrate cross-functional teams, allow for flexibility, and ensure critical stages are successfully completed. The 8 step process includes generating ideas, screening concepts, testing the concept, conducting business analytics, and performing beta/marketability tests to perfect new product development.
A Case Study in Consumer Behavior About The Influence of Odd Pricing to the B...Lena Argosino
This document discusses a case study on consumer behavior and the influence of odd pricing (prices ending in 9) on buying habits. It provides background on the origins of odd pricing in the late 19th century and reviews research showing people perceive odd prices as significantly lower than even prices, even for small differences like $1.99 vs $2.00. The study measures consumer perceptions of prices ending in 9 vs 8 vs other numbers through surveys. Future research is proposed to better understand if the "image" or "rounding down" hypotheses explain why odd prices influence purchasing.
The document discusses the production process of Nescafe coffee from selecting and blending green coffee beans to roasting, grinding, brewing and drying the coffee extract into granules or powder. It also describes Nescafe Original, a medium dark roast coffee made from a blend of Arabica and Robusta beans known for its rich full flavor and intense comforting aroma. The objective of Nescafe is to provide consumers with the best tasting and most nutritious coffee that creates delightful moments in their everyday lives.
Professional Salesmanship: The company and its productsLena Argosino
This document discusses the importance of a salesperson being well-informed about their company and its products. It states that customers trust and rely on a salesperson's expertise, and that a salesperson needs this knowledge to meet competition and develop confidence. It also outlines a salesperson's obligations to their company, including making money, working conscientiously, and being loyal by providing accurate information and keeping company secrets. Finally, it discusses a salesperson's obligations to their clientele, such as treating them ethically, helping them, and properly handling any complaints.
2. Bago pa man nabulgar ang “P10 Billion Pork Barrel Scam” na
kinasasangkutan ni Janet Lim-Napoles at ilang mga opisyal ng gobyerno (hindi
lamang kongresista’t senador kundi maging mga kawani sa DBM at COA),
alam na ng taumbayan ang ligal at iligal na paggamit ng mga pulitiko sa pondo
ng gobyerno.
Subalit ang problema – marami ang nanahahimik, maging ang mga
ordinaryong mamamayang nagrereklamo sa buwis at korapsyon. Sila rin kasi
ay natatalamsikan ng mantika ng “pork barrel” na tipak-tipak namang
sinasagpang ng mga pulitiko. Ito ay mamamayang tinutulak ng desperasyon
na pumila para sa mas mura o libreng gamot, pagpapagamot, pagpapaospital,
iskolarship, at iba pang mga proyektong tinutustusan ng “pork barrel”.
Sa Pilipinas, ang pork barrel ang nakalaang malaking halaga ng
pambansang taunang badyet ng pamahalaan para sa mga mambabatas ng
bansa. Ang bawat senador ay pinaglalaanan ng 200 milyong piso at ang bawat
kongresistaay pinaglalaanan ng 70 milyong piso sa programang tinatawag
na Priority Development Assistance Fund.
Pero – sa diksyunaryong Oxford at Miriam-Webster – ang “pork barrel” ay
mas malawak na ibig sabihin. Pumapatungkol sa paggamit ng mga pondo at sa
mga proyekto na naglalayong kunin ang boto ng mga botante/mambabatas at
isulong ang pampulitika’t kareristang interes ng mga halal na opisyal ng
gobyerno
Kinalaunan, mas ginagamit ang salitang “pork barrel” sa negatibong
konteksto. Binigyang deskripsyon nito ang pagpopondo sa mga proyektong
nakakonsentra sa piling mga lugar lang para makuha ng isang pulitiko o
partido ang boto, tiwala’t suporta ng mga benepisyaryo ng pinondohang
proyekto. Pinupuna rin nito ang inhustisya sa pondong mula sa pasaning
buwis ng buong mamamayan ngunit napakinabangan lamang sa isang erya o
teritoryo.
Ayon kay Senador Panfilo Lacson, ang isang kurakot na mambabatas ay
maaaring makakuha ng hindi bababa sa 20 porsiyentong komisyon sa
paggamit ng kaniyang taunang itinalagangpork barrel para sa inprastraktura at
iba pang mga proyekto. Ayon din kay Lacson, ito'y nangangahulugang ang
isang kurakot na senador ay maaaring makapagbulsa ng 40 milyong piso kada
taon, 240 milyong piso sa anim na taon at 480 milyon sa 12 taon.
Ang taunang 25 bilyong pisong alokasyon sa PDAF ay katumbas ng
pabahay para sa 62,500 pamilyang informal settler (P400,000 bawat isa).
Halos 30 porsyento ng 92 milyong Pilipino ay informal settler. Tatlong taon
nang naghihintay ang 104,000 pamilyang mahihirap na nakatira sa mga
peligrosong lugar sa Metro Manila para sa katuparan ng P50 bilyong pabahay.
3. Pautang pa ito ni PNoy samantalang ang PDAF ay libreng ipinamimigay! Sa 25
bilyong piso, halos 14 milyong Pilipino na ang libreng maisasali sa programa
ng PhilHealth gaano man kakapos ang serbisyong ibinibigay nito. Kahit
paano’y maiibsan sana ang mahigit 50 porsyentong gastusin sa serbisyong
pangkalusugan na direktang nanggagaling sa bulsa ng mamamamayan
(Philippine National Health Accounts 2011). Marami pang katumbas ang
perang ito. Labas pa ito sa pondong nakalaan para sa mga programang
nakatakda na sa ilalim ng mga ahensya ng pamahalaan at sa mismong pork
barrel ng presidente.
Napakalaki ng pondong nakokolekta mula sa buwis na pasan ng
taumbayan. Ngunit imbes na paglaanan ang isang pangmatagalan,
komprehensibo at makatuwirang plano tungo sa progresong panlipunan, ito ay
nagsisilbi sa panandalian, makitid at makasariling interes ng iilang pulitiko. Sa
paglipas ng mga taon, nawawaldas ang pondo ng gobyerno dahil sa “pork
barrel”. Hindi ito nailalaan sa pagpupundar ng mga sangkap para sa isang
masiglang ekonomiya: ang modernisasyon ng agrikultura at
industriyalisasyon. Mas maliit din kumpara sa naibabayad sa utang-panlabas
– ang pondo para sa iba’t ibang pangangailangan ng taumbayan: kalusugan,
edukasyon, pabahay, atbp.
Tama at napapanahon na alisin na ang pork barrel. Tama at makatwiran
na imbestigahan si Janet Lim-Napoles upang mapalutang ang mga senador at
konggresistang kasabwat nito sa karumaldumal na krimen sa taumbayan.
Ngunit, mas makakamit ang tunay na hustisya kung ang PDAF ay direktang
pakikinabangan ng mga mamamayan.
“Pork barrel” ang dahilan ng paghahangad ng mga pulitiko na
makapwesto sa gobyerno. Hindi nakapagtatakang nakapabilis magpalit ng
kulay ang mga pulitiko. Bumabalimbing at tumatalon sa naghaharing partido
ng administrasyon. Hindi nag-uusap ng prinsipyo, programa o plataporma.
Hindi inaalam ng mga namumuno kung saang direksyon dadalhin ang bansa.
Kaya ang ating bayan ay maihahambing sa barkong hindi alam kung saan
tutungo.