This document provides an overview of Philippine literature from pre-Spanish times to the period of enlightenment under Spanish rule. It discusses the various genres that developed during each period, including legends, folk tales, epics, folk songs, plays, and novels. During the pre-Spanish period, oral traditions like the epics helped preserve Filipino culture and history. The Spanish period saw the introduction of Catholic religious texts and the development of Tagalog novels and folk songs. The period of enlightenment was marked by a propaganda movement spearheaded by Filipino intellectuals seeking political and social reforms through writings and petitions.
BUOD
Ang kwentong ito ay umiikot kay fely, isang babaeng nakipagsapalaran sa ibang bansa at nagtagumpay sa buhay. Bumalik si fely sa ilipinasupang dumalo sa isang panauhing paandangal or guest sa dati niyang skwelahan. Unang dating palang sa kanilang nayon ay hindi na siya makilala ng mga kanayon niya at ng mga nadadaanan niya at tanging naririg lamang niya ay “ARTISTA!, ARTISTA NGA BA?, ARTISTA” sabi ng mga kanayon niya. Nandahil narin ito sa agbabagong pisikal lalo na sa kanyang pananamit, Ni mga kamag anak niya ay hindi din siya makilala. Pagdating na pagdating niya sa bahay nila ay unag nakita niya Nana Ibang na siyang nag-aruga sakanilang magkakapatid. Ang nasabi lamang ng kanyang nana ibang ay marami na ang nagbago. Ngunit tuloy pain ang pagtatanong ni Fely kung bakit halos hindi na siya nakikilala ng mga kanayon niya na umuuwi naman siya ng dalawang besis sa Isang taon, sa araw ng pasko at araw ng patay. Umuwi siya ng ilipinas dahil naimbitahan siya ni duardo, ang lalaking matalik niyang kaibigan at nagpatibok ng kanyang puso at dahil narin sa kanyang pamilya, sa kanyang pagbabalik ay umasa siyang pwedi pa subalit habang nakasakay sila sa kotse ay sinabi nalang bigla ni duardo na “Sayang hindi ka nakitaa ni monang”, fely:”monang?”, duardo: kaklase natinsa ika-4 na grado bago lang isinilang ang pang-anim na anak naming”. Ang tanging nasabi lamang ni Fely ay Conratulation! Sabay tingin sa bintana na pinamamasadan at inilalarawan niya ang mga bago sa kanilang skwelahan at sa mga taong dumudungaw sa bintana niya, na gusto siyang Makita na para bang subrang taas niya o artista ang turing sakanya, pagbaba niya ng kotse ay lahat ng tao ay nakatingin sakanya na para bang hndi siya kilala na tingin na sakanya ay isang banyaga na galing pa sa ibang bansa.
This document provides an overview of 5 major types of literary criticism: formalism, reader response, archetypal, feminist, and Marxist criticism. It describes the key concepts and approaches of each type of criticism, provides examples of the types of questions critics using each approach may ask, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
Philippine literature during spanish eraTrisha Dizon
During Spanish colonization of the Philippines from 1565-1898, literature began to flourish. The Spanish initially tried to suppress native oral traditions and promote Catholic teachings, but the native traditions survived. They began translating religious materials to local languages, training natives as translators who then began writing original works in Spanish and their native tongues. Notable early writers in Tagalog included Gaspar Aquino de Belen and Francisco Baltazar. Secular Spanish literature also influenced the development of Tagalog poetic drama and novels. The national hero Jose Rizal furthered development of the Filipino novel form with his works critiquing Spanish colonial rule. Other prominent writers arose who were influenced by Rizal and aimed to promote reform
This document provides an overview of Philippine mythology, including the pantheon of gods and goddesses as well as mythological creatures. It describes some of the most important deities such as Bathala, the supreme god, as well as other gods of nature, love, war, and more. It explains that before Spanish colonization, indigenous Filipinos adhered to a mixture of animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. The document also profiles several famous diwatas or mythical creatures from Philippine folklore including Mariang Makiling and the aswang. In summary, it surveys the key figures and beliefs within the diverse traditions of Philippine mythology across different ethnic groups.
The document discusses several theories of first language acquisition:
1) Behaviourism views language as learned through stimulus-response and imitation, though it does not explain why all humans acquire language while other species do not.
2) The cognitive approach sees innate cognitive abilities as influencing language learning beyond just environmental factors. Piaget's stages of development also related to language acquisition.
3) The nativist approach, proposed by Chomsky, argues humans are born with an innate language acquisition device and universal grammar containing basic language structures. This explains consistent language acquisition across environments.
4) While each theory provides some insights, the document concludes that both innate and environmental factors likely influence language acquisition in a gradual process,
This document provides an overview of Philippine literature from pre-Spanish times to the period of enlightenment under Spanish rule. It discusses the various genres that developed during each period, including legends, folk tales, epics, folk songs, plays, and novels. During the pre-Spanish period, oral traditions like the epics helped preserve Filipino culture and history. The Spanish period saw the introduction of Catholic religious texts and the development of Tagalog novels and folk songs. The period of enlightenment was marked by a propaganda movement spearheaded by Filipino intellectuals seeking political and social reforms through writings and petitions.
BUOD
Ang kwentong ito ay umiikot kay fely, isang babaeng nakipagsapalaran sa ibang bansa at nagtagumpay sa buhay. Bumalik si fely sa ilipinasupang dumalo sa isang panauhing paandangal or guest sa dati niyang skwelahan. Unang dating palang sa kanilang nayon ay hindi na siya makilala ng mga kanayon niya at ng mga nadadaanan niya at tanging naririg lamang niya ay “ARTISTA!, ARTISTA NGA BA?, ARTISTA” sabi ng mga kanayon niya. Nandahil narin ito sa agbabagong pisikal lalo na sa kanyang pananamit, Ni mga kamag anak niya ay hindi din siya makilala. Pagdating na pagdating niya sa bahay nila ay unag nakita niya Nana Ibang na siyang nag-aruga sakanilang magkakapatid. Ang nasabi lamang ng kanyang nana ibang ay marami na ang nagbago. Ngunit tuloy pain ang pagtatanong ni Fely kung bakit halos hindi na siya nakikilala ng mga kanayon niya na umuuwi naman siya ng dalawang besis sa Isang taon, sa araw ng pasko at araw ng patay. Umuwi siya ng ilipinas dahil naimbitahan siya ni duardo, ang lalaking matalik niyang kaibigan at nagpatibok ng kanyang puso at dahil narin sa kanyang pamilya, sa kanyang pagbabalik ay umasa siyang pwedi pa subalit habang nakasakay sila sa kotse ay sinabi nalang bigla ni duardo na “Sayang hindi ka nakitaa ni monang”, fely:”monang?”, duardo: kaklase natinsa ika-4 na grado bago lang isinilang ang pang-anim na anak naming”. Ang tanging nasabi lamang ni Fely ay Conratulation! Sabay tingin sa bintana na pinamamasadan at inilalarawan niya ang mga bago sa kanilang skwelahan at sa mga taong dumudungaw sa bintana niya, na gusto siyang Makita na para bang subrang taas niya o artista ang turing sakanya, pagbaba niya ng kotse ay lahat ng tao ay nakatingin sakanya na para bang hndi siya kilala na tingin na sakanya ay isang banyaga na galing pa sa ibang bansa.
This document provides an overview of 5 major types of literary criticism: formalism, reader response, archetypal, feminist, and Marxist criticism. It describes the key concepts and approaches of each type of criticism, provides examples of the types of questions critics using each approach may ask, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
Philippine literature during spanish eraTrisha Dizon
During Spanish colonization of the Philippines from 1565-1898, literature began to flourish. The Spanish initially tried to suppress native oral traditions and promote Catholic teachings, but the native traditions survived. They began translating religious materials to local languages, training natives as translators who then began writing original works in Spanish and their native tongues. Notable early writers in Tagalog included Gaspar Aquino de Belen and Francisco Baltazar. Secular Spanish literature also influenced the development of Tagalog poetic drama and novels. The national hero Jose Rizal furthered development of the Filipino novel form with his works critiquing Spanish colonial rule. Other prominent writers arose who were influenced by Rizal and aimed to promote reform
This document provides an overview of Philippine mythology, including the pantheon of gods and goddesses as well as mythological creatures. It describes some of the most important deities such as Bathala, the supreme god, as well as other gods of nature, love, war, and more. It explains that before Spanish colonization, indigenous Filipinos adhered to a mixture of animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. The document also profiles several famous diwatas or mythical creatures from Philippine folklore including Mariang Makiling and the aswang. In summary, it surveys the key figures and beliefs within the diverse traditions of Philippine mythology across different ethnic groups.
The document discusses several theories of first language acquisition:
1) Behaviourism views language as learned through stimulus-response and imitation, though it does not explain why all humans acquire language while other species do not.
2) The cognitive approach sees innate cognitive abilities as influencing language learning beyond just environmental factors. Piaget's stages of development also related to language acquisition.
3) The nativist approach, proposed by Chomsky, argues humans are born with an innate language acquisition device and universal grammar containing basic language structures. This explains consistent language acquisition across environments.
4) While each theory provides some insights, the document concludes that both innate and environmental factors likely influence language acquisition in a gradual process,
Philippine Literature During U.S. ColonialismConejar2
1. Philippine literature during the American colonial period was influenced by education and the use of English as the language of instruction in schools.
2. Writers during this time drew from Propaganda Movement and Revolutionary Movement ideas to encourage continued resistance to U.S. rule. They also aimed to increase American awareness of Filipino culture.
3. Notable authors wrote in different genres, including plays by Aurelio Tolentino and Mena Pecson Crisologo, short stories by Deogracias Rosario and Manuel Arguilla, and poems by Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, and Evangeline Guerrero. Novels during this period included Kay Pait Ng Pamumuhay
Philippine literature under US colonizationsubliran
During the period of U.S. colonization of the Philippines, notable works of Philippine literature emerged including sarsuwelas, plays, short stories, novels, and poems. Many of these works were written in Tagalog, Cebuano, and other Philippine languages and explored themes of Philippine nationalism and family conflicts. Notable authors during this time included Severino Reyes, considered the "Father of Tagalog Plays", and Manuel Arguilla, known for the widely anthologized short story "How My Brother Brought Home a Wife". The introduction of free public education and use of English as the medium of instruction also influenced Philippine literature and culture.
The document provides an overview of Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period. It discusses the genres that flourished at the time, including balagtasan (poetic debates), corrido (metrical romances), awit (heroic poems), pasyon (passion narratives), and zarzuela (musical comedies). It also summarizes the key differences between the Propaganda Movement, which sought reforms through literature, and the Revolutionary Movement, which used literature like the newspaper Kalayaan to inspire revolt against Spanish rule. Major figures associated with each movement, such as Rizal, Del Pilar, Bonifacio, and Mabini, are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses the Philippine literary scene from 1986 to the present. It notes that the 1986 EDSA Revolution overthrew the Marcos dictatorship, restoring democracy and free expression. However, the country faced economic difficulties in the following years. The revolution led to greater diversity and experimentation in Philippine writing through academic institutions, writers' organizations, and campus publications that provided support and recognition for writers. Overall, post-EDSA literature has been characterized by emerging critical theories, adventurous publishing, declining influence of New Criticism, and a development thrust for literature in languages beyond Tagalog.
The document summarizes Philippine pre-colonial literature from before 1564 up until the Spanish colonization. It discusses how pre-colonial literature was orally transmitted and covered topics of common experience. Forms included riddles, proverbs, songs, poems, narratives, dances and epics. Indigenous culture was preserved through resistance, isolation or using perishable materials. The literature expressed Filipino wisdom and identity prior to colonial influences.
The document discusses several important Filipino translators from Spanish to Filipino languages in the 17th century. It focuses on Francisco Blancas de S. Jose, a Dominican priest who installed the first printing press in the Philippines in 1602 and produced significant works in Tagalog. It also discusses Gaspar Aquino de Belen, a notable Filipino poet-translator who authored the famous poetic work "Pasyon", narrating the passion, death, and resurrection of Christ. The development of these works marked the beginning of literacy among native Filipinos and the creation of early written literary works in native languages.
Philippine literature Bicol Region(region v)jofel suan
for Philippine literature of Bicol Region or Region 5 the Bicolandia, regions and provinces, famous and tourist attraction, people characteristics, different literacy works and linguistics, authors and works literacy , a popular folk song in bicol is sarung banggi, a good place, and etc....
The document discusses the pre-colonial period in the Philippines and its oral literature traditions. It existed before Spanish colonization in the 1500s and was oral in nature, containing lessons, ideas, and wisdom about life from birth to death. As an oral tradition, it was subject to alterations over time. However, many Filipinos still revere the ideas and traditions from this pre-colonial period. Some forms of oral literature discussed include riddles, proverbs, and folk tales like myths, legends, and fables. Examples of riddles and proverbs from different Philippine languages are also provided.
This document provides an overview of folk literature in the Philippines. It discusses the main classifications and types of folk narratives, including myths, legends, folktales, and folk epics. It also covers folk speech such as proverbs and riddles, as well as folk songs. Different genres of folk literature often use oral traditions to pass down stories, convey lessons, or describe aspects of daily life and culture. Motifs in myths commonly involve transformation or tales of faithful lovers. Legends and folktales aim to entertain as well as teach lessons. Folk epics recount heroic deeds and involve supernatural elements. Proverbs, riddles, and poems are concise forms that reflect local perspectives and traditions. Folk songs encomp
The document provides guidance on choosing a research topic, including narrowing a broad topic into a more focused research question. It lists potential broad topics like education, environment, and sports that could be narrowed down. For example, a broad topic of "environment" could be narrowed to "environmental awareness of students" or more specifically "environmental awareness of grade 12 students at a particular school." The document emphasizes starting with an area of interest and ensuring there is enough available research while also offering a fresh perspective. It suggests discussing topics with professors or classmates for additional ideas and notes it's acceptable to change topics if needed after initial research.
There is a man named Alfredo Salazar who is engaged to Esperanza but feels attracted to another woman, Julia Salas. He marries Esperanza and they have a family. Eight years later, Alfredo visits Julia but finds that he no longer feels attracted to her. The story uses the metaphor of a "dead star" to represent Julia - Alfredo's love for her was like the light from a star that is still visible from Earth even though the star is gone.
Philippine Literature During U.S. ColonialismConejar2
1. Philippine literature during the American colonial period was influenced by education and the use of English as the language of instruction in schools.
2. Writers during this time drew from Propaganda Movement and Revolutionary Movement ideas to encourage continued resistance to U.S. rule. They also aimed to increase American awareness of Filipino culture.
3. Notable authors wrote in different genres, including plays by Aurelio Tolentino and Mena Pecson Crisologo, short stories by Deogracias Rosario and Manuel Arguilla, and poems by Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, and Evangeline Guerrero. Novels during this period included Kay Pait Ng Pamumuhay
Philippine literature under US colonizationsubliran
During the period of U.S. colonization of the Philippines, notable works of Philippine literature emerged including sarsuwelas, plays, short stories, novels, and poems. Many of these works were written in Tagalog, Cebuano, and other Philippine languages and explored themes of Philippine nationalism and family conflicts. Notable authors during this time included Severino Reyes, considered the "Father of Tagalog Plays", and Manuel Arguilla, known for the widely anthologized short story "How My Brother Brought Home a Wife". The introduction of free public education and use of English as the medium of instruction also influenced Philippine literature and culture.
The document provides an overview of Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period. It discusses the genres that flourished at the time, including balagtasan (poetic debates), corrido (metrical romances), awit (heroic poems), pasyon (passion narratives), and zarzuela (musical comedies). It also summarizes the key differences between the Propaganda Movement, which sought reforms through literature, and the Revolutionary Movement, which used literature like the newspaper Kalayaan to inspire revolt against Spanish rule. Major figures associated with each movement, such as Rizal, Del Pilar, Bonifacio, and Mabini, are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses the Philippine literary scene from 1986 to the present. It notes that the 1986 EDSA Revolution overthrew the Marcos dictatorship, restoring democracy and free expression. However, the country faced economic difficulties in the following years. The revolution led to greater diversity and experimentation in Philippine writing through academic institutions, writers' organizations, and campus publications that provided support and recognition for writers. Overall, post-EDSA literature has been characterized by emerging critical theories, adventurous publishing, declining influence of New Criticism, and a development thrust for literature in languages beyond Tagalog.
The document summarizes Philippine pre-colonial literature from before 1564 up until the Spanish colonization. It discusses how pre-colonial literature was orally transmitted and covered topics of common experience. Forms included riddles, proverbs, songs, poems, narratives, dances and epics. Indigenous culture was preserved through resistance, isolation or using perishable materials. The literature expressed Filipino wisdom and identity prior to colonial influences.
The document discusses several important Filipino translators from Spanish to Filipino languages in the 17th century. It focuses on Francisco Blancas de S. Jose, a Dominican priest who installed the first printing press in the Philippines in 1602 and produced significant works in Tagalog. It also discusses Gaspar Aquino de Belen, a notable Filipino poet-translator who authored the famous poetic work "Pasyon", narrating the passion, death, and resurrection of Christ. The development of these works marked the beginning of literacy among native Filipinos and the creation of early written literary works in native languages.
Philippine literature Bicol Region(region v)jofel suan
for Philippine literature of Bicol Region or Region 5 the Bicolandia, regions and provinces, famous and tourist attraction, people characteristics, different literacy works and linguistics, authors and works literacy , a popular folk song in bicol is sarung banggi, a good place, and etc....
The document discusses the pre-colonial period in the Philippines and its oral literature traditions. It existed before Spanish colonization in the 1500s and was oral in nature, containing lessons, ideas, and wisdom about life from birth to death. As an oral tradition, it was subject to alterations over time. However, many Filipinos still revere the ideas and traditions from this pre-colonial period. Some forms of oral literature discussed include riddles, proverbs, and folk tales like myths, legends, and fables. Examples of riddles and proverbs from different Philippine languages are also provided.
This document provides an overview of folk literature in the Philippines. It discusses the main classifications and types of folk narratives, including myths, legends, folktales, and folk epics. It also covers folk speech such as proverbs and riddles, as well as folk songs. Different genres of folk literature often use oral traditions to pass down stories, convey lessons, or describe aspects of daily life and culture. Motifs in myths commonly involve transformation or tales of faithful lovers. Legends and folktales aim to entertain as well as teach lessons. Folk epics recount heroic deeds and involve supernatural elements. Proverbs, riddles, and poems are concise forms that reflect local perspectives and traditions. Folk songs encomp
The document provides guidance on choosing a research topic, including narrowing a broad topic into a more focused research question. It lists potential broad topics like education, environment, and sports that could be narrowed down. For example, a broad topic of "environment" could be narrowed to "environmental awareness of students" or more specifically "environmental awareness of grade 12 students at a particular school." The document emphasizes starting with an area of interest and ensuring there is enough available research while also offering a fresh perspective. It suggests discussing topics with professors or classmates for additional ideas and notes it's acceptable to change topics if needed after initial research.
There is a man named Alfredo Salazar who is engaged to Esperanza but feels attracted to another woman, Julia Salas. He marries Esperanza and they have a family. Eight years later, Alfredo visits Julia but finds that he no longer feels attracted to her. The story uses the metaphor of a "dead star" to represent Julia - Alfredo's love for her was like the light from a star that is still visible from Earth even though the star is gone.
9-Point People's Agenda for a New SamarBagongSamar
These are challenging times for the people of Western Samar.
The ruling anti-people administration, led by the Tan family, has been in power for 15 years, and the people's yearning for genuine change remain severely unfulfilled.
In the pursuit of our people's aspirations, it has become incumbent for us and the Samarnons to end the current rotten administration and intensify the struggle against poverty and underdevelopment, against graft and corruption and against the systematic violations of the people's civil, political and economic rights.
On the basis of 9-Point People’s Agenda, we harness collectively the various strengths of the organized sectors (PO’s/NGO’s, youth, women, teachers/professionals, church people, cooperatives and civic organizations) and consolidate it as a unified and broad citizen’s movement for a new and better Samar.
Araling Panlipunan 4
Ekonomiks Learning Module Yunit 1
------------------
Source: DepEd
Regional Mass Training for Grade 10 Teachers on K to 12 Basic Education Program
May 4 - 9, 2015 | Bicol University, Daraga, Albay
2. NILALAMAN
A. Pangkalahatang Sipat sa mga Pangunahing Isyu ng
Bayan.
B. Ilang Tala sa mga isyung Lokal at Nasyonal.
C. Mga Hamon at Panawagan sa Bawat Mamayang
Pilipino.
3. LAYUNIN
• sa kabanatang ito, inaasahang iyong ikaw ay…..
Matutukoy at maipapaliwanag ang mga pangunahing suliraning
panlipunan sa mga komunidad at boung bansa;
Makapagmumungkahi ng mga solusyon nakabatay sa pananaliksik
sa mga pangunahing suliraning panlipunan;
Mapag aalab ang pagmamahal sa bayan na magbubunsod ng ibayong
pakikisangkot para sa kabutihan nito; at
Mapatataas ang antas ng kamalayan sa kalagayan ng lipunan at
higitmna mapagmalasakit ang bayan
4. A. KORAPSYON
• Ang koraspyon ay isang
pangkalahatang konseptong
naglalarawan sa isang organisado
at malayang Sistema. Bahagi ng
sistemang ito ang hindi pagtugon
sa orihinal na layunin nito o
pagtaliwas sa itinakdang layunin
nito na nakasasama sa buong
Sistema.
5. Halimbawa ng korapsyon sa ilang
ahensya ng gobyerno ay ang maling
paggastos o paglaan ng pondo sa mga
di tukoy na proyekto ng ahenysa. Ayon
sa ulat ng The Manila Times noong
2018, ang tatlong pinakakorap na
ahensya ng pamahalaan ay ang DPWH,
BIR, at BOC. Lohikal kong iisipin
sapagkat sa mga ahensyang ito
napakalaking halaga ng pera ang
umiikot.
6. Halimbawa:
DPWH
- pinakamataas na taunang badget ang nakukuha.
- dumadaan sa maling bidding
- daang milyong halaga ang maaaring mapunta sa kamay
ng mga mapagsamantala.
Bureau of Custom (BOC) at Custom at Bureau of internal
revenue (BIR). Makikita ito sa mga ulat sa midya at mga
non-governmental organizations na nagbabatay sa estado.
7. Iba pang Uri ng Korapsyon:
Makatao o pro-people na korapsyon. Ito ay pribatisasyon ng mga
pag-aaring pampubliko ng bansa gaya na lamang ng mga
korporasyong pag-aari noon ng gobyerno ngunit ngayon ay
isinapribadona.
8. POVERTY
Kahirapan – Ito ang kabuuang epekto ng kurapsyon , isa sa
pinakaugat nito ang ibat ibang anyo ng korapsyon sa bayan at
lipunan. Ayon sa ulat ng PSA sa opisyal na estado ng kahirapan sa
bansa base sa 2015 Family income and Expenditure survey (FIES),
16.5% ng pamilyang Pilipino o 21.9% ng kabuuang populasyon ng
bansa ang namumuhay below the poverty line. Ang bahagdang ito
ay tinatayang aabot ng 3.8 milyong pamilya o 21.9 milyong katao.
Sila ang bahagi ng popolasyon kulang ang kinikita para sa pagkain
at iba pang pangunahing pangangailangan.
9. • Napakalawak na usapin
ang kahirapan at upang
higit itong maunawaan,
kailangang himayin ang
paksa at busisiiin ang
puno’t dulo ng mga ito.
Gayon paman,
mahalagang makita ang
mga salik na siyang nag
dudulot nito at ilan pang
mga bagay na
nakakaapekto sa
ekonomikong kalagayan
ng mga Pilipino at ng
buong bansa.
• Ayon sa ulat ng current situation: The
challenge of Philippine poverty noong
2017, mauugat ang kahirapan at
kawalang kaunlaran ng Pilipinas ang mga
sumusunod;
1. Ang ekonomiya ay nananatili sa siklo ng
underdevelopment;
2. Hindi makaigpaw sa paurong na agrikultura
at di pag usad ng industriyalisasyon;
3. Prioritisasyon ng mga dyuhang
mamumuhunan at local na organisadong
interes-Negosyo sa pagbuo ng polisiya;
4. Di sapat at di epektibong panlipunang
polisiya at proteksyon
5. Mabigat na impak ng mga kalamidadsa mga
mahihirap; at
6. Pag – uugnay sa mga pag – unlad sa mga di
maasahang batayan.
10. MGA SANHI NG KAHIRAPAN
Pagbaba ng Produksyon
ang pagbaba sa produksyon sa sector ng
agrikultura at manupaktura ay lalo pang
nagpapalala sa kahirapan ng bansa.
11. Estrukturang Politikal
ibinabaon sa paghihirap ang bayan ng mga polisiyang
binubuo at ipinapatupad sa bansa. Sa estrukturang political
ng Pilipinas, makikita ang mahigpit na ugnayan ng mga
politiko at ng mga malalaking negosyante.
12. Di-epektibong Panlipunang Polisiya at Proteksyon
sa sa pinakamalalang isyu ay ang mga pagsasakomersyo at
pagsasapribado ng mga pampublikong serbisyo na hindi na
kumikilala sa mga karapatang kontitusyonal sa kalusugan at
kalidad na edukasyong Pilipino.
13. Kalamidad
Sa ulat ni Africa, et al, (2017) sa ugat ng kahirapan, binaggit
nilang kasama sa mga ito ang kalamidad na pinakamalala ang
impak sa mga mahihirap at ang pag-uugnayan sa mga
eknomikong pag-unlad sa mga maling prinsipyo.
Agwat ng mayaman at mahirap
ang lalong pagyayaman ng mga lubhang mamayan ay
magpapalaki sa agwat ng buhay ng mga ito sa mahihirap na
Pilipino.
14. Dilokasyon ng marhinalisadong sektor ng lipunan
grupo ng mamamayan na ipinagwawalang bahala ng estado
Halimbawa:
magbubukid
mangingisda
arawang manggagawa
manggagawang mababa ang sahod
katutubo at marami pang iba
15. • Halimbawa:
Mangingisda
ordinansa sa pagsosona
multipol na pag bubuwis
intrusyon ng mga komersyal na bangkang pangisda
pagdami ng mga fishpond
kasunduan pag-okapa sa mga baybayin
dimolisyon ng mga lugar ng pangingisda
malawakang importasyon ng mga isda
mahabang proseso sa mga huli ng mga local
mataas na gastusin sa produksyon at polusyon.
16. Sa ulat na inilabas ng Pambansang Lakas ng Kilusang
Mamamalakaya ng Pilipinas noong 2008, ang mga nabanggit sa
unahan ay reyalidad na kinahaharap ng mga mangingisda. Pahirap
sa kanila ang pagpayag ng mga lokal na pamahalaan sa pag-upa ng
mga kapitalista sa mga baybayin at paglalagay ng fishpen para sa
kanilang mga komersyal na ng lugar upang pangisdaan ang mga
maliliit na mangingisda. Ang ganitong mga pangyayari ay laganap
sa mga probinsiya ng Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Albay,
Sorsogon, Manila Bay,. Cebu, Bohol at sa mga Isla ng Negros.
17. Maliban sa mga fishpen, dagdag gastusin din sa mga mangingisda ang
iba't ibang ipinapataw sa kanila. Kinokolektahan sila ng mga lokal na
pamahalaan ng bayad sa lisensya, permiso sa pangingisda, buwis sa mga
kagamitang pangisda (sa ibang mga lugar),at bayarin sa pagdaong. Ang
multipol na pagbubuwis na ito ay makikita sa Bikol, Bantangas, Quezon,
La Union, Negros, Bohol at Davao City. Isa nakalilikha rin ng kalituhaan
at komplikasyon ang probisyon ng Fisheries Code of 1998 na nagbibigay
karapatan sa mga maliliit na mangingisda sa 15 kilometrong layo mula
sa dalampasigan upang mapangisdaan. Subalit, ang batas ding ito ang
siyang nagbibigay-laya sa mga komersyal na bangkang pangisda na
mangisda rito kung umaabot ang katubigan sa itinakdang lalim ng batas.
Dahil dito, nagiging madalas ang mga awayan at nagiging kaagaw ng
mga maliliit na mangngisda ang malalaking mga bangkang pangisda.
18. Nakalulungkot ding isipin na bagaman may kakayahang magsuplay ng isda
ang lokal na produksyon, pinapayagan ng pamahalaang nasyonal ang patuloy
na importasyon ng mga produktong isda mula Sa USA, Peru, China,
Mauritania, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, Japan at Chile. Dahil dito, lugi at
bagsak presyo ang mga isda lalo na ang huli ng mga maliliit na mangingisda.
Napakataas din ng gastusin para sa produksyon. Dahil ito sa patuloy na
pagtaas din ng presyo ng mga pangunahing materyales para sa operasyon ng
Kalaban din ang pa. pangingisda tulad na lamang ng gasolina, langis, gaas at
iba polusyon ng mga mangingisda dahil pinapatay nito ang mga isda sa
katubigan. Pinakamalaking nag-aambag dito ang mga dumi mula sa mga
komersyal at industiyal na establisyimento na walang sapat na kakayahan at
pasilidad upang ma- dispose nang tama ang kanilang mga dumi o basura.
19. CLIMATE CHANGE
• impak ang kalagayan ng kalikasan sa buhay at kabuhayan ng mga
Pilipino.
Sanhi:
bagyo
lindol
lubos na pag ulan
taguyot
21. Pagkasira ng Karagatan
Sanhi:
Pagkasira ng coral reef ang patuloy na nasisira
nawawalan ng tahanan ang malalaking populusyon
ng mga isda
pagkaubos ng mga chemical substance na
ginagamit sa paggawa ng mga gamot na mahalaga
para sa patuloy na pagbuti ng kalagayang
pangkalusugan ng mga tao
22. • Kumbersyon sa palaisdaan ng mga kabakawanan ng bansa. Sa
mga nakalipas na dekada nasa 3500 – 5000 ektarya ng mga
bakawan taon taon ang ginagawa na lamang mga komeryal na
palaisdaan. Taliwas ito sa natura na siklo sa mga baybayin kung
kaya nakapagdudulot ito ng masamang epekto sa kapaligiran.
• Bumaba rin ang kalidad ng tubig dahil sa polusyon.
Pinakamalaking kontriyutor nito ang mga industriya, minahan,
agrikutura at mga kompanya ng mga barko. Nagiging sanhi din
ang polusyon na ito ng nakakaklasong red tide
23. • Suliranin sa fresh water sources
Sanhi:
Hindi na maiinom ang tubig mula sa bukal at balon
krisis sa suplay mismo ng tubig
24. ILANG TALA SA MGA ISYUNG
LOKAL AT NASYONAl
• BUOD AT SINTESIS NG ILANG PILING MGA ISYU
• MULA SA PAGSUSURI NG IBON FOUNDATION
Jhen Valdoz
Taga-Ulat
26. JEEPNEY MODERNIZATION:
NEW AVENUE FOR BIG BUSINESSES
- Ang modernisasyon ng mga dyip ay bahagi ng programa ng pamahalaang
Duterte na binalangkas sa loob ng Omnibus Franchising Guidelines o
OFG
• Department Order or the Omnibus Guidelines on the Planning and
Identification of Public Road Transportation Services and Franchise Issuance
issued by the Department of Transportation.
• Magreresulta sa mas malinis at episyenteng transportasyon para sa
higit na kapakanan ng mga mananakay.
• Ngunit ito ay tinututulan ng mga maliliit na operator at drayer na
mga pampasaherong dyip.
27. -Isa sa komponent ng modernisasyon ay ang pagtatanggal sa
mga
dyip.
• 234,000 ang papalitan sa taong 2020.
-Pagiging mas ligtas at malinis na kapaligiran.
-Kabawasan ng kontribusyon sa nitrogen at sulfur oxide.
-Sa kabuuang 209,124 na mga dyipni, 90% ay 15 taong na o higit pa.
–Ang energy effiency ng mga modernong sasakyan ay makatitipid ng
taunan sa bawat unit: 60,334 para sa kalusugan, 13,179 non-health, at
13,179 sa panlipunan.
28. PAGPAPAUTANG
Ang suporta para sa pagpapautang ay nakitang di makatutulong sa
mga maliliit na drayber at operator ng mga dyip. Down payment
para sa uutangin.
–Down payment para sa uutangin.
–Ang natitirang halaga ay babayaran sa pamamagitan ng boundary s
system sa halagang 800/araw sa loob ng 7 taong na may interes na
6%.
–Aabot ng 588,000 – 672,000 ang karagdagang bayad ng mga
umutang depende sa unit ng sasakyang kinuha.
29. MALING PAGPAPALAGAY
• Sa pagpapalagay ng Department of Transportation:
• Makatitipid sa langis ng 43% batay sa uri ng makinang
gagamitin
sa modernong sasakyan.
• Sa loob ng 3 taon, walang gastusin para sa maintenance
–Pinabulaanan ito ng College of Engineering ng UP.
• 12% lamang ang tipid sa gasolina.
• Maintenance cost para sa unang 5000 kilometrong takbo
• Kwetyunable ang projected income at may impak ito sa tagal
at laki ng bayarin sa mga utang.
30. PAGKAWALA NG KABUHAYAN
Kung hindi makapangungutang, hindi imposibleng
mawalan sila ng ikabubuhay.
•Anti-poor ang sistema ng modernisasyon
31. PAGTAAS NG PAMASAHE
Naisasapribado nito ang mass transport sa bansa.
•Pagtaas ng gastusin sa operasyon
• Pinatutunayan na ito ng mga electric
tricycles -
higit pa sa doble ang pamasahe.
32. PARA SA MALALAKING NEGOSYO
Magsisilbi ang modernisasyon para sa kapakanan ng mga banyaga
at malalaking lokal na negosyo.
• Ayon sa DTI o Department of Trade and Industry:
• 20 lokal at 8 banyagang korporasyon ang kasama sa
paggawa at importasyon ng mga sasakyan at mga bahagi
nito.
• Sila ang lubos na makikinabang sa benta ng mahigit 200
libong unit kapalit ng mga ipe-phase out na mga dyip
33. • Maluwag na raw!
• De-aircon
• Beepcard
• May iba’t ibang modelo depende sa presyo
• Class 1: 500k-800k
• Class 2-3: 1.2M-1.6M; with aircon: 2.2M
• Tatak Pinoy bersyon: Electric: 1.6M; Diesel: 1.5M
• Electric: Class 1: 920K-990K
34. Hindi nililimitahan na lokal lang ang bibilhin.
• Ang problema, mahal ang presyo ng mga lokal
nating bagong jeepney.
• CHINA, INDIA
36. GROWING POPULATION: BOON OR BANE?
• Isa sa pinakamahalagang kayamanan ng isang bansa
ang kanyang mamamayan.
• Ano ang kinakailangang taglayin ng mamamayan
upang maisakatuparan ang pagpapaunlad ng bansa?
37.
38. DI-PANTAY NA DISTRIBUSYON
• Sa buong bansa, pinakamaraming tao ang naninirahan sa NCR na
may 12.9 milyon, sa Gitnang Luzon na 11.2 milyon, at sa
CALABARZON na 14.4 milyong katao. Ito ang pinakamataong
lugar sa 18 rehiyon ng bansa
• Sa density ng populasyon, nasa 308 katao ang nakalaan sa isang
kilometro-kwadradong lupa sa bansa.
• Sa NCR, 20,000 tao ang nasa ganitong sukat
ng lupa.
• 100 tao naman ang sa rehiyon ng MIMAROPA
39. • Magreresulta ito ng maraming informal settling.
• Kawalan ng sapat na trabaho o pagkakakitaan.
• Sa positibong pagtingin, maaaring indikasyon ito kung saang
mga lugar ang dapat pagtuunan ng pansin ng pamahalaan nang
sa ganoon ay maging kaakit-akit sa iba na dayuhin ito.
40. BATANG POPULASYON
• Sa sensus ng 2010, 50.4% ang bilang ng kalalakihan at 49.6%
naman ang kababaihan.
• Sa kabuuang bilang, 33.3% ay nasa 14 nataong gulang pababa;
52.9% ay nasa edad na24 pababa; 61.9% naman ang 29 gulang
pababa; at nasa 0.7% ang nasa mahigit 80 taong gulang.
• Isang indikasyon nito ang malaking responsibilidad na dapat
paghandaan ng estado sa kalusugan at likhaan ng trabaho sa
nalalapit na panahon.
• Maaari rin itong ikonsidera bilang malaking bahagdan ng
produktibong mamayan na kalauna’y mag-aambag sa pag-unlad ng
bansa.
41. EDUKADO NGUNIT MAHIRAP
• Isa sa may pinakamataas na literacy rate sa Asya ang Pilipinas.
• Adult rate literacy: 96.9%.
• Mas mataas ang literacy rate ng mga Pilipino kumpara sa mga taga-
Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Malaysia, Lao at Cambodia.
• NCR – 95.3%
• CALABARZON – 95%
• Northern Mindanao – 92.1%
• ARMM – 72.1%
42. • Naitala ng CHEd na may bilang na 3,548,562 noong 2010-2016
ang mga nagsipagtapos sa kolehiyo na nasa iba’t ibang mga
larang.
• Marami rin ang nagtapos ng mga kursong bokasyonal at
tinatayang may napakataas na antas ng kasanayan sang-ayon sa
kursong kanilang kinuha.
• Bagama’t mataas ang antas ng kaalaman ng mga Pilipino,
napakarami pa rin ang walang trabaho.
• Job mismatch
• Hindi rin nasusustena ang bilang ng mga trabaho para sa dami ng
mga nagsisipagtapos.
• Pagnanais na makapangibang-bansa
43. • Bentahe ang pagkakaroon ng mataas na edukasyon,
sapagkat nagkakaroon ng higit na oportunidad di
lamang sa lokal kung hindi maging sa ibang bansa.
44. MGA HAMON AT PANAWAGAN SA BAWAT
MAMAMAYANG PILIPINO
Tristan Josh Tolentino
Taga-ulat
45. • Magkaroon ng mulat na kaisipan sa pamamagitan ng
mapanuring pagbabasa, pakikinig, at pananaliksik ukol
sa mga bagay na may kinalaman sa mga isyu ng
lipunan.
• Hindi sapat na basta alamin lang ang mga isyu ng
bayan, dapat ding makisangkot sa abot ng iyong
kakayahan.