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S-W Monsoon driven 
Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource 
A Novel India Specific Concept 
A Presentation at Exploring Energy Frontiers: 
an interactive summit from IITBAA-GABF 
Miramar, Goa September 21, 2014 
With a Focus on 
“Improving energy self sufficiency for the country 
by harnessing the transformative potential of IITians 
(alumni, faculty and students) as change agents” 
By 
Dr. Shrikrishna Sane 
IITB Alumnus (1964 Batch M. Tech., Mechanical) and Former Professor, 
Centre for Aerospace Systems & Engineering, Department of Aerospace Engineering, 
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai (1971-2004). 
Since 2007, Advisor, Science & Technology, Nostrum Energy LLC (NJ, USA), 
operating from Powai, Mumbai (India). 
Email: sane0484@gmail.com; Websit: www.nostrumenergy.com 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
Presentation Outline 
• Tropical Monsoon: a BOON and an OPPORTUNITY 
• Western Ghats: Hydro Kinetic Renewable 
Energy Resource Assessment 
• Energy Conversion Devices: Linear Power Turbine 
• Changing Paradigms: Sustainability of Society & Environment 
• Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential 
• Pilot Case Study: Techno-Economic Assessment 
• Conclusions & Recommendations 
• Tasks Ahead: Start Detailed Project Definition 
 Feasibility Report  Field Demonstration 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 2
ENERGY RESOURCE: RENEWABLE OR NON-RENEWABLE 
Energy Resource, by definition, must be: 
Abundant and Accessible, 
Reliable, 
Predictable, 
Technically Feasible, 
Economically Competitive, 
and 
must have 
Net Positive Benefit over its Life Cycle. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 3
Renewable: Rainfall/Snow Melting 
WATER RESOURCE & HYDRO KINETIC ENERGY RESOURCE : P  V3 
Just Rainfall is not a Hydro Kinetic Energy Resource. Wind blowing at 6 m/s 24x365 is not a 
Wind Energy Resource. Rainfall in US & Indian S-W Monsoon are different. 
10/10/2014 
4 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
Renewable: Tropical Monsoon 
Sorry, Cannot help Boundary Distortions 
This Map tells 
many things, 
which need 
urgent 
recognition 
Tropical Monsoon Regions: (indicated in blue). 
Monsoon in Indian Subcontinent is special because 
of Great Himalayan Wall in the North. 
S-W Monsoon brings 3.5 – 10 m rainfall in 60-120 days 
almost in equal measure year after year: an opportunity. 
10/10/2014 5 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
10/10/2014 6 
Case of : Western Ghats of Peninsular India 
The Unexploited Opportunity 
Miramar 
What experts say: 
“Though the west-flowing rivers draining the 
western aspect of the Western Ghats have 
substantial run-off, the spatial scope for their 
wider utilization is limited.” [3] But no more. 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
Kondbhairav
Western Ghats of Peninsular India 
Gross Hydro Kinetic Energy Resource Potential 
• Consider some Realistic Numbers: 
• Catchment Area: 100000 km2 out of 180000 km2; 
• Usable Rainfall: 4.5 m out of 7.5 m with 0.6 runoff; 
• Duration of Stabilized Flow: 45 days minimum; 
• Usable Gravitational Head: 100 m out of 1000; 
• Gross Flow: 70000 m3/s @ Usable Head: 1 MPa; 
• Gross Hydro Kinetic Power: 70 GW; 
• Gross Energy Available: 75 TWh/year; 
• Practical Realization of 2% of 75 TWh Energy Potential 
will deliver annually: 1.5 TWh of useful energy; 
with a decent CUF: 0.123 to 0.37 (45 – 135 days); 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
7
Western Ghats (WG): Way Forward 
• WHAT IT IS: 1.5 TWh/year with CUF=0.13-0.37 
• HOW IT COMPARES WITH WIND IN INDIA[1]: 
• In 2012 : 14623 installed MW actually delivered 
16428 MU or 16.428 TWh at 13% CUF. 
• WG are equal to 10 % of Indian Wind Energy. 
• Higher the CUF better the economics, but 
we need to carefully work it out. 
• HOW TO DO IT: Check Dams with 
Temporary Storages and 
• Multiple Turbine Units 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 8
Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource Concept 
Couple it with ‘Total Water Management Model’ 
Catchment 
LPT UNIT 
Area W x B 
CDSR: Check Dam Stabilizing Reservoir 
CDSR Concept 
Site Specific Scenario needs 
Careful Requirements Capture 
Ask locals (humans, flora, fauna, ……) 
as to ‘What is best for them’. 
10/10/201 No straight Jacketed Solutions please! 
4 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 9
Conventional HKEC Designs – Inappropriate to 
specific requirements of hydro kinetic energy resource 
Savonius Marine Propeller Type Gorlov Helical 2-Bladed Windmill Type 
A mixed ‘DRAG-Lift’ Device 
10/10/2014 
10 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 
An emulation of ancient 
Chinese Water Wheel: 
Sophisticated AVTAAR: 
Mini Linear Turbine Test 
at Rakaia River New 
Zealand, 4/9/2012
We need better Energy Conversion Devices: 
Here is a Novel Design. 
LPT Concept Demonstration Model 
LPT [w1, h1, l1, d1, c, b, V, U, H, DP, , , NoB, RPM, Cp] 
Flume [W, D, L, V] 
Frame [w, h, l] 
Sane, Manmadkar (IN), Mulye , Shukla, Barros (US) US Patent Application Publication, No. US 
2011/0115231 A1 May 19 2011, “Hydro Kinetic Energy Conversion System” (Patent pending). 
10/10/2014 11 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 
Importance of V: 
For Wind 
V = 12-13 m/s 
For Water 
V = 3 m/s 
Variables: 
W, D, & V
Put Turbine in the River rather than 
River in the Turbine 
Micro Hydro 
LPT Concept Demonstration: Sane Nostrum Energy 
Practical Action 
Hydro Electric Paradigm: Mega, Mini 
and even Micro 
Rivers must flow as naturally as the rivers want, 
do not ‘dam’ them, if you can avoid. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 12
If you have not used CFD, nobody will take you seriously. 
Wake Vortices in CFD Simulation at Aero. Engg. Dept. IITB 
by Prof. Prabhu Ramachandran & Co. 
The Blade shapes/motion and topology of wakes tells us, 
as to ‘why this machine is likely to be aqua life friendly’ 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 13
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICS BASED SIMPLE 
SIMULATION TOOLS TO PROMOTE 
UNDERSTANDING AS AGAINST COMMERCIAL 
CFD TOOLS IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTES 
Extrapolation by Sane 
U/V = 4 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 
14 
CASE CPU EXE-TIME Advantage 
1-D Laptop 1 s Quick Design Tool 
2-D NS i3-cluster 3 months Detailed Wakes 
ASK PGM ARUN DRAVID, IF STILL IN DOUBT
Changing Paradigms: 
• Can Renewables stand on own Legs? NO & YES. 
• Distributed Generation and Consumption Model; 
(If desirable, is this enmeshed in our thinking and planning? This is going on for a 
decade). 
• Moving away from age old ‘Hydro Electric 
Power’ Mind-Set; US has started the trend [2, 3], 
Poor Nations will need 50-100 years more, cannot just shut down existing plants. 
• Innovating Power Extraction Devices for fully 
confined finite flows; 
• Total Water Management Concept: 
Empowerment of the People and Environment 
10/10/2014 
15 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
Total Water Management Concept: a citizen’s charter 
must envision and ensure that 
• Empowerment rather than Displacement of Humans, Flora 
and Fauna, as they are primary stake holders. 
• ‘Distributed Generation & Consumption’ Model: Only Excess 
Energy & Water to External Consumers & 24x7 electricity in each hospital/school/house. 
• Prevent Soil Erosion; Generate Fresh Soil Areas through Temporary Storage 
Hydraulic Structures: Check dams/bunds: Help Ground Water Recharging 
• Use of Innovative & Appropriate Strategies: Forestation, 
Herbal Plantation, Grass patches, Agricultural Ponds. 
• Ensure Water for Drinking, Sanitation, Irrigation 
and Traditional Industry for the population, tribal 
included. 
• Generate Revenues and Create Jobs Locally and 
Manage Locally at Village Level. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 16
Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential 
CA near Sangameshwar (Maharashtra) 
Catchment Area: 15 x 2.4 = 36 km2. 
Height AMSL: 
Kondbhairav (360 m); Nivali (180 m); 
Nayari (80 m); Hedali (40 m); Total : 320 m. 
PROPOSAL FOR 
IMPLEMENTATION: 
IT WILL NOT COST MUCH. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 17
Kondbhairav Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential 
• Catchment Area = 36 km2; 
• Rainfall Intensity : 4500/6000 mm in 90 days 
• Average Cumulative Stabilized Flow in the last 1 to 1.5 km of 
catchment zone with runoff coefficient of 0.72 = 15 m3/s; 
• Usable Head: 20 / 320 m in Last 1 to 1.5 km 
• Flumes: b = 2 m, w = 4 m, d = 1.25 m to ensure V = 3 m/s. 
• LPTs: l = 3.2 m, s = 0.75, Rated Power = 16.7 kW @ V = 3 m/s. 
• 30 units in 1000 m to generate 500 kW for 90 days. 
• Energy Delivered: 1.1 TWh/year. 
• Decent CUF of (90/365) ≈ 25 %. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 18
Kondbhairav: Pilot Case Study: 
Techno-Economic Assessment 
• @ INR 4/kWh: Annual Revenue per MW: INR 8.8 million. 
• Indirect Revenue of ‘Value Addition’: 
- ‘Total Water Management Model 
• Estimated Annual Revenue per MW: INR 10 million. 
• Payback Period: 5 years 
• Limit Capital Costs to: INR 50 million/MW. 
• Practically Feasible, but site specific. 
• Cheaper Compared to Solar by 100%. 
• Cheaper Compared to Micro Hydro by 150 %. 
• Prima Facie a Practical/Doable Proposition 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
19
Conclusions and Recommendations 
• A scientifically sound, practically feasible, 
sustainable, environmentally & socially 
friendly and commercially competitive scheme 
to identify, design-develop and exploit 
potential Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy 
Resource Sites, wherever these wait unnoticed. 
This renewable will have a net positive 
benefit. 
• Appropriate Power Extraction Device concept 
demonstrated in March 2013. 
• Support urgent Implementation 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 20
Conclusions and Recommendations 
• Most of the nations in the tropical monsoon 
region are not rich and are in need of 
Affordable Solutions. 
• India should lead from the front to 
develop this technology. 
• The numbers generated are kept 
sufficiently conservative so that the 
conclusions remain valid under all 
possible uncertainties. 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
21
Remarks 
• Power extraction devices, for Wind and Tidal, operate 
in similar singly confined infinite flow domains. But 
devices for rivers and canals operate in fully confined 
finite flow domains and must look different. 
• I consider this sufficiently fish friendly as compared 
to conventional rotary ‘choppers’. 
• This can be a Value addition to existing Hydro 
Electric Power Installations. 
• Floating debris is an issue but not insurmountable, so 
also sealed bearings operating in muddy water. 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
22
Tasks ahead ….. 
I look forward to this gathering to take up 
some of the challenges to get the Technology 
Details in place: Resource Development & 
LPT Technology: ‘pocket belts’, ‘bearings’, ‘rotary/linear 
generators with water gap’, ‘composite blades’, ‘debris removal 
robots’ to name a few. 
• We cannot change the way Sun shines or the way Wind 
blows or even the way it rains but we can somewhat 
change the way water flows from hill tops to oceans and 
let the rivers flow……… …. 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
23
Epilog 
This has been SIX years effort of one individual. 
March 24, 2013 was first time in the world that 
a classical ‘LIFT’ based Linear Power Turbine 
was demonstrated in the water efflux of Tata 
Hydro Power Station at Bhivpuri near Karjat 
(Maharashtra). Evidence about the effort it took to 
reach there can be found in the storm water drain 
canal near NCC office and Hydraulics Lab in IIT 
Powai campus even today. 
A pat on the back by Prof. Kirit Parikh in 2013! 
‘Thank You’ to Nostrum Energy is not ap. 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 24
“Any movement passes through five stages: 
Indifference, Skepticism, Criticism, 
Suppression and Praise” – Mahatma Gandhi. 
Jodi Tor Dak Soone Keu Na Asse, Tobe Ekla Chalo Re! 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
25
As True Descendants of Bhagirath the Great, 
Take up TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION 
Let India be first in World in Technology Development for once 
Jai Hind ! 
‘Kondbhairav’ will not need any other ‘Sacrifice’ …. Aadi Shankaracharya 
A Dream in 2011: Produced & Directed by – S. Shrikrishna 
Dream you must, One of the Dreams can be a Reality. 
Constructive Criticism & Suggestions are 
Sincerely Solicited to move Forward!! 
Thank you !!! 
10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 26
Bibliographic Citations 
1. India Wind Energy Outlook 2012, page 35, [www.gwec.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/] India- 
Wind-Energy-Outlook... 
2. Gleick P. H., “The Changing Water Paradigm – A Look at Twenty-first Century Water Resources 
Development”, IWRA, Water International, v. 25, n. 1, pp 127-138, March 2000. 
3. Bandyopadhyay J., Shama P., “The Interlinking of Indian Rivers: Some Questions on the Scientific, 
Economic and Environmental Dimensions of the Proposal”, Paper presented at Seminar on 
“Interlinking Indian Rivers: Bane or Boon?”at IISWBM, Kolkata, June 17, 2003. 
4. http://keystone-foundation.org/wp-content/ 
files/Map_of_the_Western_Ghats_for_Save_Western_Ghats_Meet_2010.jpg 
5. Micro-hydro power | Practical Action[www.practicalaction.org/page/3660] 
6. Surface Flow-Runoff [web.iitd.ac.in/~chahar/Courses/CEL251/Runoff.pdf] 
7. Bengtson H. H., Rational Method Hydrologic Calculations with Excel, Course No: C01 
[www.cedengineering.com/upload/Rational%20Method%20with%20Excel.pdf] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
1. Sane et al. US Patent No. 7,709,971*, May 2010, “Novel Linear Wind Power Generator” 
2. Sane, Manmadkar (IN), Mulye, Shukla, Barros (US): US Patent Application Publication, No. US 
2011/0115231 A1 May 19 2011*, “Hydro Kinetic Energy Conversion System” (Patent pending). 
3. Sane “Monsoon Driven Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource- Concept Development”, 
submitted for publication on Aug 01 2014 in Springer Open Journal ‘Renewables: Wind Water 
and Solar’ as RWWS-D-14-00010. 
* - Assignee: Nostrum Energy PTE Singapore, an associated company of Nostrum Energy LLC (NJ, USA). 
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 27
Dr. Nirmal Mulye (Sangameshwar) with President Obama 
Meeting in New York on Oct 06, 2010 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
10/10/2014 28 
LLC (NJ, US)
Cp -TSR for Windmills 
 
 
Cp – U/V for LPT  
10/10/2014 
© Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 
LLC (NJ, US) 
29 
LPT 
Effect of Dynamic Wake 
Interactions included 
DSSTWWI MODEL by SKSane

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Presentation by Dr. Shrikrishna Sane- Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource

  • 1. S-W Monsoon driven Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource A Novel India Specific Concept A Presentation at Exploring Energy Frontiers: an interactive summit from IITBAA-GABF Miramar, Goa September 21, 2014 With a Focus on “Improving energy self sufficiency for the country by harnessing the transformative potential of IITians (alumni, faculty and students) as change agents” By Dr. Shrikrishna Sane IITB Alumnus (1964 Batch M. Tech., Mechanical) and Former Professor, Centre for Aerospace Systems & Engineering, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai (1971-2004). Since 2007, Advisor, Science & Technology, Nostrum Energy LLC (NJ, USA), operating from Powai, Mumbai (India). Email: sane0484@gmail.com; Websit: www.nostrumenergy.com 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
  • 2. Presentation Outline • Tropical Monsoon: a BOON and an OPPORTUNITY • Western Ghats: Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource Assessment • Energy Conversion Devices: Linear Power Turbine • Changing Paradigms: Sustainability of Society & Environment • Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential • Pilot Case Study: Techno-Economic Assessment • Conclusions & Recommendations • Tasks Ahead: Start Detailed Project Definition  Feasibility Report  Field Demonstration 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 2
  • 3. ENERGY RESOURCE: RENEWABLE OR NON-RENEWABLE Energy Resource, by definition, must be: Abundant and Accessible, Reliable, Predictable, Technically Feasible, Economically Competitive, and must have Net Positive Benefit over its Life Cycle. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 3
  • 4. Renewable: Rainfall/Snow Melting WATER RESOURCE & HYDRO KINETIC ENERGY RESOURCE : P  V3 Just Rainfall is not a Hydro Kinetic Energy Resource. Wind blowing at 6 m/s 24x365 is not a Wind Energy Resource. Rainfall in US & Indian S-W Monsoon are different. 10/10/2014 4 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
  • 5. Renewable: Tropical Monsoon Sorry, Cannot help Boundary Distortions This Map tells many things, which need urgent recognition Tropical Monsoon Regions: (indicated in blue). Monsoon in Indian Subcontinent is special because of Great Himalayan Wall in the North. S-W Monsoon brings 3.5 – 10 m rainfall in 60-120 days almost in equal measure year after year: an opportunity. 10/10/2014 5 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
  • 6. 10/10/2014 6 Case of : Western Ghats of Peninsular India The Unexploited Opportunity Miramar What experts say: “Though the west-flowing rivers draining the western aspect of the Western Ghats have substantial run-off, the spatial scope for their wider utilization is limited.” [3] But no more. © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) Kondbhairav
  • 7. Western Ghats of Peninsular India Gross Hydro Kinetic Energy Resource Potential • Consider some Realistic Numbers: • Catchment Area: 100000 km2 out of 180000 km2; • Usable Rainfall: 4.5 m out of 7.5 m with 0.6 runoff; • Duration of Stabilized Flow: 45 days minimum; • Usable Gravitational Head: 100 m out of 1000; • Gross Flow: 70000 m3/s @ Usable Head: 1 MPa; • Gross Hydro Kinetic Power: 70 GW; • Gross Energy Available: 75 TWh/year; • Practical Realization of 2% of 75 TWh Energy Potential will deliver annually: 1.5 TWh of useful energy; with a decent CUF: 0.123 to 0.37 (45 – 135 days); 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 7
  • 8. Western Ghats (WG): Way Forward • WHAT IT IS: 1.5 TWh/year with CUF=0.13-0.37 • HOW IT COMPARES WITH WIND IN INDIA[1]: • In 2012 : 14623 installed MW actually delivered 16428 MU or 16.428 TWh at 13% CUF. • WG are equal to 10 % of Indian Wind Energy. • Higher the CUF better the economics, but we need to carefully work it out. • HOW TO DO IT: Check Dams with Temporary Storages and • Multiple Turbine Units 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 8
  • 9. Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource Concept Couple it with ‘Total Water Management Model’ Catchment LPT UNIT Area W x B CDSR: Check Dam Stabilizing Reservoir CDSR Concept Site Specific Scenario needs Careful Requirements Capture Ask locals (humans, flora, fauna, ……) as to ‘What is best for them’. 10/10/201 No straight Jacketed Solutions please! 4 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 9
  • 10. Conventional HKEC Designs – Inappropriate to specific requirements of hydro kinetic energy resource Savonius Marine Propeller Type Gorlov Helical 2-Bladed Windmill Type A mixed ‘DRAG-Lift’ Device 10/10/2014 10 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) An emulation of ancient Chinese Water Wheel: Sophisticated AVTAAR: Mini Linear Turbine Test at Rakaia River New Zealand, 4/9/2012
  • 11. We need better Energy Conversion Devices: Here is a Novel Design. LPT Concept Demonstration Model LPT [w1, h1, l1, d1, c, b, V, U, H, DP, , , NoB, RPM, Cp] Flume [W, D, L, V] Frame [w, h, l] Sane, Manmadkar (IN), Mulye , Shukla, Barros (US) US Patent Application Publication, No. US 2011/0115231 A1 May 19 2011, “Hydro Kinetic Energy Conversion System” (Patent pending). 10/10/2014 11 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) Importance of V: For Wind V = 12-13 m/s For Water V = 3 m/s Variables: W, D, & V
  • 12. Put Turbine in the River rather than River in the Turbine Micro Hydro LPT Concept Demonstration: Sane Nostrum Energy Practical Action Hydro Electric Paradigm: Mega, Mini and even Micro Rivers must flow as naturally as the rivers want, do not ‘dam’ them, if you can avoid. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 12
  • 13. If you have not used CFD, nobody will take you seriously. Wake Vortices in CFD Simulation at Aero. Engg. Dept. IITB by Prof. Prabhu Ramachandran & Co. The Blade shapes/motion and topology of wakes tells us, as to ‘why this machine is likely to be aqua life friendly’ 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 13
  • 14. IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICS BASED SIMPLE SIMULATION TOOLS TO PROMOTE UNDERSTANDING AS AGAINST COMMERCIAL CFD TOOLS IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTES Extrapolation by Sane U/V = 4 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 14 CASE CPU EXE-TIME Advantage 1-D Laptop 1 s Quick Design Tool 2-D NS i3-cluster 3 months Detailed Wakes ASK PGM ARUN DRAVID, IF STILL IN DOUBT
  • 15. Changing Paradigms: • Can Renewables stand on own Legs? NO & YES. • Distributed Generation and Consumption Model; (If desirable, is this enmeshed in our thinking and planning? This is going on for a decade). • Moving away from age old ‘Hydro Electric Power’ Mind-Set; US has started the trend [2, 3], Poor Nations will need 50-100 years more, cannot just shut down existing plants. • Innovating Power Extraction Devices for fully confined finite flows; • Total Water Management Concept: Empowerment of the People and Environment 10/10/2014 15 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US)
  • 16. Total Water Management Concept: a citizen’s charter must envision and ensure that • Empowerment rather than Displacement of Humans, Flora and Fauna, as they are primary stake holders. • ‘Distributed Generation & Consumption’ Model: Only Excess Energy & Water to External Consumers & 24x7 electricity in each hospital/school/house. • Prevent Soil Erosion; Generate Fresh Soil Areas through Temporary Storage Hydraulic Structures: Check dams/bunds: Help Ground Water Recharging • Use of Innovative & Appropriate Strategies: Forestation, Herbal Plantation, Grass patches, Agricultural Ponds. • Ensure Water for Drinking, Sanitation, Irrigation and Traditional Industry for the population, tribal included. • Generate Revenues and Create Jobs Locally and Manage Locally at Village Level. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 16
  • 17. Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential CA near Sangameshwar (Maharashtra) Catchment Area: 15 x 2.4 = 36 km2. Height AMSL: Kondbhairav (360 m); Nivali (180 m); Nayari (80 m); Hedali (40 m); Total : 320 m. PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION: IT WILL NOT COST MUCH. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 17
  • 18. Kondbhairav Pilot Case Study: Resource Potential • Catchment Area = 36 km2; • Rainfall Intensity : 4500/6000 mm in 90 days • Average Cumulative Stabilized Flow in the last 1 to 1.5 km of catchment zone with runoff coefficient of 0.72 = 15 m3/s; • Usable Head: 20 / 320 m in Last 1 to 1.5 km • Flumes: b = 2 m, w = 4 m, d = 1.25 m to ensure V = 3 m/s. • LPTs: l = 3.2 m, s = 0.75, Rated Power = 16.7 kW @ V = 3 m/s. • 30 units in 1000 m to generate 500 kW for 90 days. • Energy Delivered: 1.1 TWh/year. • Decent CUF of (90/365) ≈ 25 %. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 18
  • 19. Kondbhairav: Pilot Case Study: Techno-Economic Assessment • @ INR 4/kWh: Annual Revenue per MW: INR 8.8 million. • Indirect Revenue of ‘Value Addition’: - ‘Total Water Management Model • Estimated Annual Revenue per MW: INR 10 million. • Payback Period: 5 years • Limit Capital Costs to: INR 50 million/MW. • Practically Feasible, but site specific. • Cheaper Compared to Solar by 100%. • Cheaper Compared to Micro Hydro by 150 %. • Prima Facie a Practical/Doable Proposition 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 19
  • 20. Conclusions and Recommendations • A scientifically sound, practically feasible, sustainable, environmentally & socially friendly and commercially competitive scheme to identify, design-develop and exploit potential Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource Sites, wherever these wait unnoticed. This renewable will have a net positive benefit. • Appropriate Power Extraction Device concept demonstrated in March 2013. • Support urgent Implementation 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 20
  • 21. Conclusions and Recommendations • Most of the nations in the tropical monsoon region are not rich and are in need of Affordable Solutions. • India should lead from the front to develop this technology. • The numbers generated are kept sufficiently conservative so that the conclusions remain valid under all possible uncertainties. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 21
  • 22. Remarks • Power extraction devices, for Wind and Tidal, operate in similar singly confined infinite flow domains. But devices for rivers and canals operate in fully confined finite flow domains and must look different. • I consider this sufficiently fish friendly as compared to conventional rotary ‘choppers’. • This can be a Value addition to existing Hydro Electric Power Installations. • Floating debris is an issue but not insurmountable, so also sealed bearings operating in muddy water. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 22
  • 23. Tasks ahead ….. I look forward to this gathering to take up some of the challenges to get the Technology Details in place: Resource Development & LPT Technology: ‘pocket belts’, ‘bearings’, ‘rotary/linear generators with water gap’, ‘composite blades’, ‘debris removal robots’ to name a few. • We cannot change the way Sun shines or the way Wind blows or even the way it rains but we can somewhat change the way water flows from hill tops to oceans and let the rivers flow……… …. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 23
  • 24. Epilog This has been SIX years effort of one individual. March 24, 2013 was first time in the world that a classical ‘LIFT’ based Linear Power Turbine was demonstrated in the water efflux of Tata Hydro Power Station at Bhivpuri near Karjat (Maharashtra). Evidence about the effort it took to reach there can be found in the storm water drain canal near NCC office and Hydraulics Lab in IIT Powai campus even today. A pat on the back by Prof. Kirit Parikh in 2013! ‘Thank You’ to Nostrum Energy is not ap. 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 24
  • 25. “Any movement passes through five stages: Indifference, Skepticism, Criticism, Suppression and Praise” – Mahatma Gandhi. Jodi Tor Dak Soone Keu Na Asse, Tobe Ekla Chalo Re! 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 25
  • 26. As True Descendants of Bhagirath the Great, Take up TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION Let India be first in World in Technology Development for once Jai Hind ! ‘Kondbhairav’ will not need any other ‘Sacrifice’ …. Aadi Shankaracharya A Dream in 2011: Produced & Directed by – S. Shrikrishna Dream you must, One of the Dreams can be a Reality. Constructive Criticism & Suggestions are Sincerely Solicited to move Forward!! Thank you !!! 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 26
  • 27. Bibliographic Citations 1. India Wind Energy Outlook 2012, page 35, [www.gwec.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/] India- Wind-Energy-Outlook... 2. Gleick P. H., “The Changing Water Paradigm – A Look at Twenty-first Century Water Resources Development”, IWRA, Water International, v. 25, n. 1, pp 127-138, March 2000. 3. Bandyopadhyay J., Shama P., “The Interlinking of Indian Rivers: Some Questions on the Scientific, Economic and Environmental Dimensions of the Proposal”, Paper presented at Seminar on “Interlinking Indian Rivers: Bane or Boon?”at IISWBM, Kolkata, June 17, 2003. 4. http://keystone-foundation.org/wp-content/ files/Map_of_the_Western_Ghats_for_Save_Western_Ghats_Meet_2010.jpg 5. Micro-hydro power | Practical Action[www.practicalaction.org/page/3660] 6. Surface Flow-Runoff [web.iitd.ac.in/~chahar/Courses/CEL251/Runoff.pdf] 7. Bengtson H. H., Rational Method Hydrologic Calculations with Excel, Course No: C01 [www.cedengineering.com/upload/Rational%20Method%20with%20Excel.pdf] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Sane et al. US Patent No. 7,709,971*, May 2010, “Novel Linear Wind Power Generator” 2. Sane, Manmadkar (IN), Mulye, Shukla, Barros (US): US Patent Application Publication, No. US 2011/0115231 A1 May 19 2011*, “Hydro Kinetic Energy Conversion System” (Patent pending). 3. Sane “Monsoon Driven Hydro Kinetic Renewable Energy Resource- Concept Development”, submitted for publication on Aug 01 2014 in Springer Open Journal ‘Renewables: Wind Water and Solar’ as RWWS-D-14-00010. * - Assignee: Nostrum Energy PTE Singapore, an associated company of Nostrum Energy LLC (NJ, USA). 10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 27
  • 28. Dr. Nirmal Mulye (Sangameshwar) with President Obama Meeting in New York on Oct 06, 2010 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE 10/10/2014 28 LLC (NJ, US)
  • 29. Cp -TSR for Windmills   Cp – U/V for LPT  10/10/2014 © Prof. Shrikrishna Sane, Adviser S&T, NE LLC (NJ, US) 29 LPT Effect of Dynamic Wake Interactions included DSSTWWI MODEL by SKSane