Hydroelectricity is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16% of global electricity generation. China produces the most hydroelectricity, while the cost is relatively low, though dams can harm local ecosystems by interrupting river flows. Tidal energy converts tidal energy into electricity and has potential but high costs limit sites. Geothermal energy uses heat from the earth and is a renewable source often allowed on federal lands with little environmental harm. Wave energy devices extract energy from ocean waves with large energy potential.
Hydroelectricity harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water and is the most widely used renewable energy source, accounting for 16% of global electricity. China produces the most hydroelectricity but dams can harm local ecosystems by interrupting river flows. Tidal energy converts the kinetic energy of tides into electricity and has potential but high costs and limited sites have restricted its use. Geothermal energy uses heat from within the earth as a renewable source for power plants. Wave energy devices extract energy from ocean wave motion and pressure fluctuations. The Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement against large dams on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, due to environmental and social impacts
Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater before it reaches the aquifer. It is practiced widely in parts of India like Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, and Kerala. The process involves collecting rainwater via catchment areas and conduits, filtering it, and storing it in tanks to recharge groundwater. Advantages include providing an independent water supply during restrictions and promoting water and energy conservation.
Social and environmental effect of large hydro powerASHWANI BHARATI
The document discusses the social and environmental impacts of large hydro power plants. It provides details about the Tehri Dam project in India as a case study. Some key points:
- Dams have negative environmental impacts like loss of habitat and disruption of river ecosystems, but can provide clean energy and flood control benefits.
- The Tehri Dam project in India displaced over 100 villages and the town of Tehri, requiring a large resettlement program with social and economic impacts.
- Potential impacts of dams include effects on water quality, biodiversity loss, soil erosion, and induced poverty of resettled populations if not properly mitigated. The Tehri Dam project undertook various mitigation measures.
The Tehri Dam is located in Uttarakhand, India. It is the highest dam in India and one of the tallest in the world. Phase 1 was completed in 2006 and the dam generates 1,000 MW of hydroelectricity. However, the dam has faced protests from environmental groups and local people due to concerns about displacement of over 100,000 people and impacts to the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. There are also concerns about the dam's stability due to its location in a major seismic zone.
Environment as important water use for hydro-infrastructure's considerationCPWF Mekong
By Chayanis Krittasudthacheewa, Stockholm Environment Institute
Presented at the Mekong Forum on Water, Food and Energy
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
December 7-9, 2011
Session 2b: Hydropower, Irrigation and Multiple-Use: Experiences from the Region
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of resettlement plans and environmental compliance for large dam projects in India.
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of resettlement plans and environmental compliance for large dam projects in India.
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built across the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of displacement safeguards for large infrastructure projects impacting local communities in India.
Hydroelectricity harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water and is the most widely used renewable energy source, accounting for 16% of global electricity. China produces the most hydroelectricity but dams can harm local ecosystems by interrupting river flows. Tidal energy converts the kinetic energy of tides into electricity and has potential but high costs and limited sites have restricted its use. Geothermal energy uses heat from within the earth as a renewable source for power plants. Wave energy devices extract energy from ocean wave motion and pressure fluctuations. The Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement against large dams on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, due to environmental and social impacts
Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater before it reaches the aquifer. It is practiced widely in parts of India like Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, and Kerala. The process involves collecting rainwater via catchment areas and conduits, filtering it, and storing it in tanks to recharge groundwater. Advantages include providing an independent water supply during restrictions and promoting water and energy conservation.
Social and environmental effect of large hydro powerASHWANI BHARATI
The document discusses the social and environmental impacts of large hydro power plants. It provides details about the Tehri Dam project in India as a case study. Some key points:
- Dams have negative environmental impacts like loss of habitat and disruption of river ecosystems, but can provide clean energy and flood control benefits.
- The Tehri Dam project in India displaced over 100 villages and the town of Tehri, requiring a large resettlement program with social and economic impacts.
- Potential impacts of dams include effects on water quality, biodiversity loss, soil erosion, and induced poverty of resettled populations if not properly mitigated. The Tehri Dam project undertook various mitigation measures.
The Tehri Dam is located in Uttarakhand, India. It is the highest dam in India and one of the tallest in the world. Phase 1 was completed in 2006 and the dam generates 1,000 MW of hydroelectricity. However, the dam has faced protests from environmental groups and local people due to concerns about displacement of over 100,000 people and impacts to the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. There are also concerns about the dam's stability due to its location in a major seismic zone.
Environment as important water use for hydro-infrastructure's considerationCPWF Mekong
By Chayanis Krittasudthacheewa, Stockholm Environment Institute
Presented at the Mekong Forum on Water, Food and Energy
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
December 7-9, 2011
Session 2b: Hydropower, Irrigation and Multiple-Use: Experiences from the Region
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of resettlement plans and environmental compliance for large dam projects in India.
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built on the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of resettlement plans and environmental compliance for large dam projects in India.
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was a social movement opposed to large dams being built across the Narmada River in India, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat. Led by activists Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, NBA organized protests like hunger strikes and a march to raise awareness about the environmental and social impacts of displacement. While the Supreme Court initially stopped dam construction, it later ruled in favor of the project subject to rehabilitation conditions. However, the movement successfully increased scrutiny of displacement safeguards for large infrastructure projects impacting local communities in India.
Ecological impacts of dams & water diversions MrJewett
Dams and water diversions can have both positive and negative ecological impacts. Positively, dams provide benefits like hydropower, irrigation, flood control and more. However, they can also harm wildlife such as disrupting fish migration and reducing sediments downstream. This impacts wetland species and water quality. Dams may also cause erosion of downstream areas and change water temperature, flow and salinity levels. Large dam projects have additionally displaced many people from their homes. Examples highlighted are the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River and the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River.
Water resources are sources of water that are useful for human uses like agriculture, industry, households, recreation and the environment. Only 3% of water on Earth is fresh water, with the majority found as groundwater or frozen in glaciers and ice caps. Water is a renewable resource, but groundwater depletion is occurring in many places around the world. Water is essential for agriculture, which accounts for about 70% of water usage globally. Managing water resources sustainably is important for reducing poverty, maintaining environmental health, and supporting economic development.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement. It summarizes that the movement was started in 1985 against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, which would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the Narmada Bachao Andolan mobilized local people, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists to peacefully protest the dams. The movement gained international support and pressured the World Bank to withdraw funding for the dam projects.
Environmental impacts of hydroelectric powermrshansen
Damming rivers can permanently alter river systems and wildlife habitats. A dam blocks fish migration, stops nutrients from flowing downstream, and changes water quality, all of which negatively impact the river ecosystem. The Iron Gates dams on the Danube River block important spawning sites and do not have fish passes, disrupting the migration and spawning of endangered sturgeon species.
Environmental and Social Impacts of Hydro-Electric Dams in Chamba District o...Hasrat Arjjumend
Having 4300 large dams already constructed and many more in pipeline, India is one of world's most prolific dam-builders. Large dams in India are estimated to have submerged about 37500 km2 land area and displaced tens of millions of people. Himachal Pradesh is proceeding towards power-surplus state and there are as many as 401 projects of different magnitude in different stages of installation on 5 river basins of the state i.e. Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Yamuna. State has identified its hydropower generation potential at 23,000 MW. The ecological devastation caused by various projects at lower altitudes of Himachal Pradesh has been alarming; while the prospect of what will happen to the fragile alpine ecosystem is frightening. These projects will change the microclimate that will result in accelerated melting of the snow and glaciers at high altitudes. Like other river basins of the state, hydro-electric power generation in Chamba district was started in 1980s, with 117 mini & micro power projects in different stages of execution at present. Having the special focus on Hul projects the present paper explores the impacts of various dams on environment and local people in Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. About 6000 local people are being affected by Hul-I project only. The consequences to nature and wildlife will also prove disastrous. As of now, the wildlife such as deer, bear, goat, tiger and peacock do not enter the fields of farmers. Deforestation and soil erosion are even more devastating. Making the situation even more absurd is that the benefits of these power plants do not go to the community suffering the consequences. Gujjar and Gaddi tribes in the state of Himachal Pradesh have been agitating against 4.5 MW hydropower plant from diverting the entire flow of the Hul stream, on which their lives depend. These communities have for more than two decades protected and preserved the forests from which Hul stream originates. The project’s pipeline is said to destroy about 2000 of slow-growing oak trees. Livelihood and social impacts of poorly planned mini-hydel projects can be thus devastating, as exemplified in this case.
This document discusses dams, their structure, types, functions, and environmental impacts. Dams are barriers constructed across waterways to impound water for uses like irrigation, flood control, and hydropower. They come in various materials and styles, including embankment, gravity, and arch dams. While dams provide benefits, they also harm ecosystems by blocking animal migration, altering downstream flows, and trapping sediments. When built, dams can displace people and damage cultural sites. Dam failures can occur due to earthquakes, flooding, erosion, or design flaws, sometimes with severe consequences. Overall, the document outlines the key aspects of dams and some of their tradeoffs environmentally and socially.
This document discusses water resources and management in India. It covers topics like water use and overexploitation of resources, floods, droughts, traditional water management systems, and the benefits and problems of large dams. Specifically, it notes that although water is abundant globally, only a small percentage is available for human use. It also outlines some of the environmental impacts that can occur both upstream and downstream from large dam construction projects.
Water is essential for life but can also cause destruction. It is used for domestic, agricultural, industrial, and transportation purposes as well as generating hydroelectricity. While dams provide benefits like flood control and irrigation, they can negatively impact river ecosystems and displace local communities. Rainwater harvesting techniques like check dams and percolation pits help boost groundwater levels and meet growing water demands. Traditional Indian communities developed sophisticated water management structures like tanks and channels to collect and use rainwater for their needs.
Ecological impacts of dams and water diversionsMrJewett
Dams impact rivers and their ecosystems in several ways. They block migratory fish from accessing spawning habitats upstream, as fish ladders are often ineffective. This disrupts fish life cycles and populations. Dams also alter sediment and water flow, affecting water quality, aquatic habitats, and nutrient levels downstream. Large dams significantly change river landscapes and environments, sometimes flooding important habitats and destroying cultural heritage sites.
This document discusses dams and their environmental and social impacts. It begins by defining dams and explaining their purposes, which include irrigation, flood control, hydropower, and navigation. It then describes the main types of dams and discusses their environmental performance, noting impacts on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from habitat loss and changes to natural flow regimes. Socially, dams can displace large populations and disrupt livelihoods when people are resettled or downstream access to resources is reduced. Planning for dams often undercounts affected people and resettlement efforts are frequently inadequate.
The document discusses water resource engineering and hydrology. It covers topics like the hydrological cycle, watershed development objectives and components, water requirements and conservation, and sources of water. Specifically, it describes the hydrological cycle involving evaporation, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, and underground water. It also outlines objectives of watershed development like improving water retention and controlling soil erosion. Sources of water discussed include surface sources like lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, as well as groundwater sources.
Hydro is the most well-established form of renewable electricity production.
Hydro comprised about 80% of all of the renewable electricity capacity in the world, and accounted for about 20% of global electricity production capacity.
Hydropower is also the most efficient means we know of to convert energy into electricity.
Typically 85%-95% of the energy in water is converted to electricity, compared to 15%-20% for PV solar, 35%-45% for wind, and 30%-45% for coal.
Uses and Exploitation of Water Conflicts Over Water- National and Internatio...Rajeshwari jagadish
Uses and Exploitation of Water
Conflicts Over Water- National and International, Underground water, Flood, drought, Auqafiers, Cavery water conflict. characteristics of water.
The document discusses water use and distribution around the world. It notes that while water covers most of the Earth's surface, only a small percentage is easily accessible. It then outlines major uses of fresh water, with agriculture accounting for 70% globally. Specific water use statistics are provided for the United States, China, and other places. Challenges around water supply such as depletion of groundwater and the high costs of desalination are also summarized.
This document discusses water resources and management in India. It covers topics like water use and overexploitation, floods, droughts, traditional water management systems, and the benefits and problems of large dams. Regarding traditional systems, it describes local managers in South India, Maharashtra, and Ladakh who oversee water distribution from canals, tanks, glaciers and springs. It also outlines environmental impacts downstream and upstream from large dams, such as displacement, loss of habitat and land, and increased disease vectors.
Vijay's presentation discusses water resources and related topics. It notes that fresh water is a renewable yet decreasing resource. It describes the major uses of water as agricultural, industrial, household, and environmental. The document then discusses sources of fresh water such as surface water and groundwater. It also covers topics like floods, drought, conflicts over water, and more.
Nearly all (97.5%) of the water on Earth is salt water found in oceans and seas. Only 2.5% of the water on Earth is fresh water, with over two-thirds of that being frozen in ice caps and glaciers. Less than 1% of the world's total water is accessible for direct human use from sources like lakes, rivers, and groundwater. Freshwater biomes, which cover about 20% of the Earth's surface, consist of bodies of fresh water like lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers that support various fish and plant life.
USE & MISUSE OFWATER RESOURCES& LAND RESOURCESSushanta Gupta
Land and Land Resources refer to a delineable area of the earth's terrestrial surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface, including those of the near-surface, climate, the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, rivers, marshes and swamps), the near-surface sedimentary layers and associated groundwater and geo-hydrological reserve, the plant and animal populations, the human settlement pattern and physical results of past and present human activity
The document discusses various ways that water can be used as an energy resource, including tidal energy, wave energy, and hydroelectric power. Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of tidal flows and uses turbines to generate electricity. Wave energy captures energy from ocean waves. Hydroelectric power generates electricity from hydropower by using the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. All of these methods can provide renewable sources of energy from water.
This document describes an activity to simulate a tsunami using water, a rock, and a plastic panel. Students will place a rock in one end of a container filled with water and a plastic panel at the other end. When the plastic panel is jerked upward, it will push the water and simulate a tsunami wave, showing how the water level changes by the rock. The water represents the tsunami wave while the rock is land, and the plastic panel represents the energy of the wave.
The document discusses the Narmada Bachao Andolan, a social movement against large dams being built across the Narmada River in India. The movement, led by Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, campaigns through hunger strikes and garnering support from celebrities. It was formed to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat for displacing people without proper rehabilitation and not obtaining consent. The movement highlights environmental and social concerns around large dam projects.
Ecological impacts of dams & water diversions MrJewett
Dams and water diversions can have both positive and negative ecological impacts. Positively, dams provide benefits like hydropower, irrigation, flood control and more. However, they can also harm wildlife such as disrupting fish migration and reducing sediments downstream. This impacts wetland species and water quality. Dams may also cause erosion of downstream areas and change water temperature, flow and salinity levels. Large dam projects have additionally displaced many people from their homes. Examples highlighted are the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River and the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River.
Water resources are sources of water that are useful for human uses like agriculture, industry, households, recreation and the environment. Only 3% of water on Earth is fresh water, with the majority found as groundwater or frozen in glaciers and ice caps. Water is a renewable resource, but groundwater depletion is occurring in many places around the world. Water is essential for agriculture, which accounts for about 70% of water usage globally. Managing water resources sustainably is important for reducing poverty, maintaining environmental health, and supporting economic development.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement. It summarizes that the movement was started in 1985 against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, which would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the Narmada Bachao Andolan mobilized local people, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists to peacefully protest the dams. The movement gained international support and pressured the World Bank to withdraw funding for the dam projects.
Environmental impacts of hydroelectric powermrshansen
Damming rivers can permanently alter river systems and wildlife habitats. A dam blocks fish migration, stops nutrients from flowing downstream, and changes water quality, all of which negatively impact the river ecosystem. The Iron Gates dams on the Danube River block important spawning sites and do not have fish passes, disrupting the migration and spawning of endangered sturgeon species.
Environmental and Social Impacts of Hydro-Electric Dams in Chamba District o...Hasrat Arjjumend
Having 4300 large dams already constructed and many more in pipeline, India is one of world's most prolific dam-builders. Large dams in India are estimated to have submerged about 37500 km2 land area and displaced tens of millions of people. Himachal Pradesh is proceeding towards power-surplus state and there are as many as 401 projects of different magnitude in different stages of installation on 5 river basins of the state i.e. Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Yamuna. State has identified its hydropower generation potential at 23,000 MW. The ecological devastation caused by various projects at lower altitudes of Himachal Pradesh has been alarming; while the prospect of what will happen to the fragile alpine ecosystem is frightening. These projects will change the microclimate that will result in accelerated melting of the snow and glaciers at high altitudes. Like other river basins of the state, hydro-electric power generation in Chamba district was started in 1980s, with 117 mini & micro power projects in different stages of execution at present. Having the special focus on Hul projects the present paper explores the impacts of various dams on environment and local people in Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. About 6000 local people are being affected by Hul-I project only. The consequences to nature and wildlife will also prove disastrous. As of now, the wildlife such as deer, bear, goat, tiger and peacock do not enter the fields of farmers. Deforestation and soil erosion are even more devastating. Making the situation even more absurd is that the benefits of these power plants do not go to the community suffering the consequences. Gujjar and Gaddi tribes in the state of Himachal Pradesh have been agitating against 4.5 MW hydropower plant from diverting the entire flow of the Hul stream, on which their lives depend. These communities have for more than two decades protected and preserved the forests from which Hul stream originates. The project’s pipeline is said to destroy about 2000 of slow-growing oak trees. Livelihood and social impacts of poorly planned mini-hydel projects can be thus devastating, as exemplified in this case.
This document discusses dams, their structure, types, functions, and environmental impacts. Dams are barriers constructed across waterways to impound water for uses like irrigation, flood control, and hydropower. They come in various materials and styles, including embankment, gravity, and arch dams. While dams provide benefits, they also harm ecosystems by blocking animal migration, altering downstream flows, and trapping sediments. When built, dams can displace people and damage cultural sites. Dam failures can occur due to earthquakes, flooding, erosion, or design flaws, sometimes with severe consequences. Overall, the document outlines the key aspects of dams and some of their tradeoffs environmentally and socially.
This document discusses water resources and management in India. It covers topics like water use and overexploitation of resources, floods, droughts, traditional water management systems, and the benefits and problems of large dams. Specifically, it notes that although water is abundant globally, only a small percentage is available for human use. It also outlines some of the environmental impacts that can occur both upstream and downstream from large dam construction projects.
Water is essential for life but can also cause destruction. It is used for domestic, agricultural, industrial, and transportation purposes as well as generating hydroelectricity. While dams provide benefits like flood control and irrigation, they can negatively impact river ecosystems and displace local communities. Rainwater harvesting techniques like check dams and percolation pits help boost groundwater levels and meet growing water demands. Traditional Indian communities developed sophisticated water management structures like tanks and channels to collect and use rainwater for their needs.
Ecological impacts of dams and water diversionsMrJewett
Dams impact rivers and their ecosystems in several ways. They block migratory fish from accessing spawning habitats upstream, as fish ladders are often ineffective. This disrupts fish life cycles and populations. Dams also alter sediment and water flow, affecting water quality, aquatic habitats, and nutrient levels downstream. Large dams significantly change river landscapes and environments, sometimes flooding important habitats and destroying cultural heritage sites.
This document discusses dams and their environmental and social impacts. It begins by defining dams and explaining their purposes, which include irrigation, flood control, hydropower, and navigation. It then describes the main types of dams and discusses their environmental performance, noting impacts on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from habitat loss and changes to natural flow regimes. Socially, dams can displace large populations and disrupt livelihoods when people are resettled or downstream access to resources is reduced. Planning for dams often undercounts affected people and resettlement efforts are frequently inadequate.
The document discusses water resource engineering and hydrology. It covers topics like the hydrological cycle, watershed development objectives and components, water requirements and conservation, and sources of water. Specifically, it describes the hydrological cycle involving evaporation, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, and underground water. It also outlines objectives of watershed development like improving water retention and controlling soil erosion. Sources of water discussed include surface sources like lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, as well as groundwater sources.
Hydro is the most well-established form of renewable electricity production.
Hydro comprised about 80% of all of the renewable electricity capacity in the world, and accounted for about 20% of global electricity production capacity.
Hydropower is also the most efficient means we know of to convert energy into electricity.
Typically 85%-95% of the energy in water is converted to electricity, compared to 15%-20% for PV solar, 35%-45% for wind, and 30%-45% for coal.
Uses and Exploitation of Water Conflicts Over Water- National and Internatio...Rajeshwari jagadish
Uses and Exploitation of Water
Conflicts Over Water- National and International, Underground water, Flood, drought, Auqafiers, Cavery water conflict. characteristics of water.
The document discusses water use and distribution around the world. It notes that while water covers most of the Earth's surface, only a small percentage is easily accessible. It then outlines major uses of fresh water, with agriculture accounting for 70% globally. Specific water use statistics are provided for the United States, China, and other places. Challenges around water supply such as depletion of groundwater and the high costs of desalination are also summarized.
This document discusses water resources and management in India. It covers topics like water use and overexploitation, floods, droughts, traditional water management systems, and the benefits and problems of large dams. Regarding traditional systems, it describes local managers in South India, Maharashtra, and Ladakh who oversee water distribution from canals, tanks, glaciers and springs. It also outlines environmental impacts downstream and upstream from large dams, such as displacement, loss of habitat and land, and increased disease vectors.
Vijay's presentation discusses water resources and related topics. It notes that fresh water is a renewable yet decreasing resource. It describes the major uses of water as agricultural, industrial, household, and environmental. The document then discusses sources of fresh water such as surface water and groundwater. It also covers topics like floods, drought, conflicts over water, and more.
Nearly all (97.5%) of the water on Earth is salt water found in oceans and seas. Only 2.5% of the water on Earth is fresh water, with over two-thirds of that being frozen in ice caps and glaciers. Less than 1% of the world's total water is accessible for direct human use from sources like lakes, rivers, and groundwater. Freshwater biomes, which cover about 20% of the Earth's surface, consist of bodies of fresh water like lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers that support various fish and plant life.
USE & MISUSE OFWATER RESOURCES& LAND RESOURCESSushanta Gupta
Land and Land Resources refer to a delineable area of the earth's terrestrial surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface, including those of the near-surface, climate, the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, rivers, marshes and swamps), the near-surface sedimentary layers and associated groundwater and geo-hydrological reserve, the plant and animal populations, the human settlement pattern and physical results of past and present human activity
The document discusses various ways that water can be used as an energy resource, including tidal energy, wave energy, and hydroelectric power. Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of tidal flows and uses turbines to generate electricity. Wave energy captures energy from ocean waves. Hydroelectric power generates electricity from hydropower by using the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. All of these methods can provide renewable sources of energy from water.
This document describes an activity to simulate a tsunami using water, a rock, and a plastic panel. Students will place a rock in one end of a container filled with water and a plastic panel at the other end. When the plastic panel is jerked upward, it will push the water and simulate a tsunami wave, showing how the water level changes by the rock. The water represents the tsunami wave while the rock is land, and the plastic panel represents the energy of the wave.
The document discusses the Narmada Bachao Andolan, a social movement against large dams being built across the Narmada River in India. The movement, led by Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, campaigns through hunger strikes and garnering support from celebrities. It was formed to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat for displacing people without proper rehabilitation and not obtaining consent. The movement highlights environmental and social concerns around large dam projects.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement in India. It began as a social movement opposing large dams being built across the Narmada River in the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. The movement, led by Medha Patkar and Baba Amte, campaigns through hunger strikes and garnering support from celebrities. It was formed to give voice to the concerns of adivasis, farmers and environmentalists about the negative impacts of the dams, especially the Sardar Sarovar Dam, on local communities without proper rehabilitation efforts. The movement received the Right Livelihood Award in 1991 for its activism on the issue.
The document discusses various ways that water can be used as an energy resource, including through tidal energy, wave energy, and hydroelectric power. Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of tidal flows and uses turbines to generate electricity. Wave energy converters placed offshore capture energy from ocean surface waves. Hydroelectric dams generate electricity by harnessing the potential energy of falling or flowing water through turbines.
The document discusses various ways that water can be used as an energy resource, including tidal energy, wave energy, and hydroelectric power. Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of tidal flows and uses turbines to generate electricity. Wave energy captures energy from ocean waves. Hydroelectric power generates electricity from the kinetic energy of falling or flowing water through dams and turbines. The document provides details on how each of these resources works and their environmental impacts and potential.
This document discusses water recycling and various methods for recycling water. It begins by explaining that water is an important resource but can become scarce, so recycling water is important. It then describes several processes involved in water recycling, including microfiltration to remove bacteria and viruses, reverse osmosis to remove salts, and advanced oxidation to remove contaminants. Finally, it discusses some basic water recycling techniques that can be done at home.
Water conservation encompasses policies and strategies to manage fresh water sustainably to meet current and future human and environmental needs. Population growth and climate change increase pressures on water resources, especially for agriculture which accounts for 70% of worldwide fresh water usage. Some argue for removing agricultural subsidies to incentivize more efficient irrigation and crop choices. Watershed management involves defining and managing drainage basins and land areas contributing to surface water resources. Rainwater harvesting systems collect and concentrate rainwater and runoff for irrigation, domestic use, livestock, and groundwater recharge. Delhi faces water issues due to its dry climate and increasing demand from private and industrial users, though groundwater extraction is illegal. Past privatization efforts were defeated by public movements concerned with
The document discusses various topics related to water sustainability including the water cycle, water scarcity issues in India, groundwater levels declining, water conservation methods, and the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement. It provides details on hard water and soft water, water treatment methods like water softening, and different renewable energy sources that utilize water like hydropower and tidal power.
Hard water is water with high mineral content. It does not pose health risks but can cause issues for industrial equipment by forming scale. Water softening removes calcium and magnesium ions to reduce hard water's effects. Hard water reacts with soap to form precipitates rather than lather, and deposits scale in pipes and appliances. Water softening is commonly used to address these problems.
This document contains information about Aneesha Agarwal's school details and a report on the topic of water. It discusses water recycling, factors to consider in water recycling programs, benefits of using recycled water for irrigation, sources of hard water including calcium and magnesium, effects of hard water, water resources, hydro power, tidal energy, the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement, sustainability of groundwater, causes of groundwater overutilization in India, benefits of rainwater harvesting, and watershed management.
Water recycling involves treating wastewater and sewage to produce recycled water, which can then be reused for purposes such as irrigation, industrial processes, toilet flushing, and groundwater recharge. The key benefits of water recycling include increasing water supplies, reducing usage of potable water for non-drinking purposes, and decreasing wastewater discharges into the environment. However, public perception can be a challenge as many remain concerned about the safety and quality of recycled water despite extensive treatment processes.
Sustainable development aims to meet human needs while preserving natural systems for future generations by using resources sustainably without compromising the environment. Water resources management is one of the most important challenges faced and sustainable management of watersheds, rainwater harvesting, water conservation, and water recycling can help ensure sustainable water supplies. Recycling water provides environmental benefits by decreasing water extraction from sources and reducing pollution.
This document provides biographical information about Reeti Bhattacharyya, a class 10 student, including her name, class, roll number, and school details. It then lists the various science and social science topics she has studied that relate to water, including chemistry, biology, physics, geography, political development, and economic development. The document proceeds to provide more details on several of these topics, including hardness of water, recycling water, water as a source of energy, water as a resource, and sustainability. It also discusses various water-related movements in India such as the Narmada Bachao Andolan.
This document provides information about Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It discusses how the movement was started in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other projects that would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the movement mobilized local communities, farmers, environmentalists and others against the dams. It argues the dams will damage livelihoods and biodiversity while alternatives exist to provide water and energy. The movement has gained international support through peaceful protests, hunger strikes and media coverage, bringing attention to the issue.
This document provides information about Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It discusses how the movement was started in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other projects that would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the movement mobilized local communities, farmers, environmentalists and others against the dams. It gained international support and used non-violent protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure officials.
Rainwater harvesting has a long history around the world. It involves collecting rainwater and storing it for later use before it reaches aquifers. It has been practiced as far back as the 3rd century BC in parts of India and Pakistan. It remains an important source of water for irrigation and other purposes. Rainwater harvesting systems typically involve three steps - collection, filtration, and storage. Water conservation aims to ensure sustainable access to water resources for current and future generations. It is important for both environmental and social reasons.
Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for centuries around the world to collect and store rainwater for irrigation and drinking. It involves collecting rainwater, transporting it, filtering it, and storing it for groundwater recharge or other uses. Popular struggles have occurred related to water privatization and large dam projects that displaced communities or restricted access to water sources. Sustainable development aims to meet current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs, and groundwater can be preserved by reducing chemical and waste pollution, conserving water usage, and practicing reuse and recycling.
This document summarizes popular struggles related to water in Bolivia and Sudan. In Bolivia, the Cochabamba Water War protests took place from 1999-2000 in response to the privatization of the municipal water supply and dramatic rate increases. Tens of thousands protested, leading the government to reverse privatization. In Sudan, water conflicts stem from northern Arab expansion and mechanized farming threatening southern subsistence farmers. One conflict was over the Jonglei Canal project to drain swampland for farming, but it threatened local tribes and was attacked by the Sudan People's Liberation Army, forcing suspension of the project.
The document summarizes popular struggles related to water in Bolivia and Sudan. In Bolivia, mass protests known as the Cochabamba Water War erupted in 2000 in response to the privatization of the municipal water supply and large rate increases imposed by the private company. After months of demonstrations and clashes with police, the government reversed the privatization. In Sudan, water conflicts stem from northern Arab expansion seeking new farmland and resources in the south. One conflict involved the Jonglei Canal project to drain the Sudd Swamps, which threatened local tribes and was attacked by the Sudan People's Liberation Army, forcing suspension of the project in 1984. Both examples show popular resistance to changes in water access and use of important water
Hydraulic energy is derived from the kinetic and potential energy of falling or flowing water and can be harnessed to generate hydroelectricity, one of the most widely used forms of renewable energy. There are various types of hydroelectric generation such as run-of-the-river, small hydro, micro hydro, conduit, and pumped-storage. Dams are commonly used to collect and control water flow to spin turbines and generate electricity. While hydraulic power has advantages as a clean energy source, dam construction can negatively impact the environment through habitat loss and changes to ecosystems.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. The NBA, led by Medha Patkar, mobilized farmers, tribal people, environmentalists and human rights activists starting in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. They argue it will displace over 250,000 people and damage the environment and livelihoods. While proponents say it will provide power and water, the NBA advocates for alternative technologies with less environmental and social impact. The movement has gained international support and used protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure decision makers.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. The NBA, led by Medha Patkar, mobilized farmers, tribal people, environmentalists and human rights activists starting in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. They argue it will displace over 250,000 people and damage the environment and livelihoods. While proponents say it will provide electricity and water, the NBA advocates for alternative technologies with less environmental and social impacts. The movement gained international support and used protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure decision makers.
This document discusses various topics related to water including its hardness, recycling, and use as an energy source. It provides information on how to soften hard water through various methods like using soda, slaked lime, or boiling. It also discusses recycling of water in various industries like paper, poultry, and greenhouses. Additionally, it explains how water can be used to generate hydroelectric power and the benefits and drawbacks of hydropower. Lastly, it discusses rainwater harvesting as a method to conserve water.
This document discusses various topics related to water including science, social science, and methods of conserving water. It covers the hardness of water in chemistry and recycling of water in biology. In physics, it discusses water as a source of energy. For social science, it discusses topics like the sustainability of groundwater for economic development and movements related to water for political development. It also discusses the conservation of water in geography. The document then provides details on various methods of conserving water including rainwater harvesting and watershed management.
Water conservation encompasses policies and strategies to manage fresh water sustainably to meet current and future demand while protecting the environment. It is needed to ensure long-term availability, reduce energy usage for water distribution, and preserve freshwater habitats. Rainwater harvesting and watershed management are important techniques for water conservation. Rainwater collection stores roof runoff for irrigation and other uses, while watershed management aims to sustainably distribute resources within a drainage area. Recycling water through methods like rain barrel collection and reuse of drain water can also conserve fresh water supplies.
Water resources (geography chapter 3, class 10)VJLEARNING
This document discusses water scarcity issues and various methods for water conservation and management in India. It notes that while water is a renewable resource, scarcity is caused by overexploitation and unequal access. Dams are described as multi-purpose projects that provide irrigation, power, and flood control, but can negatively impact ecosystems and cause issues like sedimentation. Rainwater harvesting techniques used historically in India are discussed, such as rooftop collection and storage in tankas.
Groundwater is water found underground in soil and rock formations called aquifers. It is a highly useful resource, providing half of the United States' drinking water and watering 40% of its agriculture. However, overuse of groundwater can cause water tables to drop significantly as aquifers are not recharging sufficiently. In places like India, extensive pumping of groundwater for irrigation has caused levels to drop dramatically in some areas. Integrating surface water and groundwater management is important to sustainably protect water supplies and ecosystems.
Hard water is water that has high levels of dissolved minerals like calcium and magnesium. It causes scaling in pipes and reduces the effectiveness of soap. Soft water contains little to no calcium or magnesium. Various methods can be used to reduce water hardness, like installing a water softener or filter. Overuse of groundwater can lead to depletion of storage, reductions in streamflow, loss of wetlands, land subsidence, and changes in quality - threatening sustainability. Factors like these must be considered to ensure sustainable groundwater use.
This document contains information about a student named Nirali Mehta's science project on recycling water. It includes sections that define recycled water, describe how water is recycled through processes like electrocoagulation, and list common uses of recycled water such as for landscaping, industry, agriculture, and potable drinking water. It also includes information about Nirali Mehta's chemistry project on water hardness, including what causes hard water, its effects like reducing soap lather, and methods for softening hard water through processes like water softening and adding chemicals.
This document contains information about a student named Nirali Mehta's science project on recycling water. It includes sections that define recycled water, describe how water is recycled through processes like electrocoagulation, and list common uses of recycled water such as for landscaping, industry, agriculture, and potable drinking water. It also provides details about Nirali Mehta's chemistry project on water hardness, including what causes hard water, its effects like reducing soap lather, and methods for softening hard water through processes like water softening and adding chemicals.
Nirali Mehta's 10th grade science project is on recycling water. The document discusses how water is recycled by treating wastewater to remove solids and impurities. This treated water can then be used for landscaping irrigation, replenishing groundwater, or augmenting streamflows. Water recycling technologies aim to reuse wastewater from drilling operations in a cost-effective way, such as using electrocoagulation to remove organic material. Recycled water has many potential uses as long as it is treated appropriately, including household and industrial uses as well as agriculture, firefighting, and groundwater recharge.
The Cochabamba Water War was a series of protests that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia between 1999-2000 in response to the privatization of the city's municipal water supply company. The tensions erupted when the new private firm, Aguas del Tunari, dramatically raised water rates. Protests organized by the Coordinadora in Defense of Water and Life culminated in tens of thousands marching downtown and battling police, with one civilian killed. The water war ignited historic political and social change in Bolivia and shook the country's economic policies dominated by the IMF and World Bank to their core.
This document contains information about Uzma Afrin Akhter, a 10th grade student studying science, and summaries of chapters on chemistry, physics, biology, and water recycling. The chemistry section discusses how hard water forms mineral deposits and how ion exchange and the lime-soda process are used to soften hard water. The physics section covers various water energy resources like hydropower, tidal power, and technologies using saline water. The biology section discusses treating wastewater through recycling to remove solids and reuse it for irrigation. The final section provides examples of communities that safely reuse treated wastewater.
This document provides information about Uzma Afrin Akhter, a 10th grade student with registration number B114084140109 and roll number 52 studying social science. It then discusses various topics related to water conservation in India such as defining water conservation, importance of rainwater harvesting, watershed management, methods of water conservation like reuse of greywater and rainwater harvesting, and issues around overuse of groundwater in India. It also briefly summarizes India's legal framework around groundwater rights and challenges in implementing recent reform efforts.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
presentation ppt
1. HYDROELECTICIY
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generate by hydropower. Hydro
comes from the Greek word for water. It is the most widely used form of renewable
energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation. China is the
largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010. The
cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable
electricity. However, damming interrupts the
The flow of rivers and can harm local
Ecosystems, and building large dams and
reservoirs often involves displacing people
and Wildlife.
2. TIDAL ENERGY
Tidal Energy is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful
forms of power - mainly electricity. Although not yet widely used, tidal power has
potential for future electricity generation. Among sources of renewable energy
tidal power has traditionally suffered from relatively high cost and limited
availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus
constricting its total availability. However, many recent technological development
and improvements, both in design and turbine technology, indicate that the
total availability of tidal power may be much higher than previously assumed, and
that economic.
3. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
The term Geothermal originates from two Geek words 'GEO' and 'THERM'. The
Greek word ‘geo’ means the earth and ‘therme’ means heat from the earth.
Geothermal energy is energy derived from the heat of the earth. Geothermal energy is
the heat from the Earth. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow
ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and
down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma.
Geothermal energy is a renewable source of energy.
Geothermal development is often allowed
on federal lands because it does not
significantly harm the environment.
Geothermal power plants are excellent
sources of base load power. Base load
power is power that electric utility
companies must deliver all day long.
4. WAVE ENERGY
Wave energy is the capacity of the waves for doing work. Ocean waves are generated
by the influence of the wind on the ocean surface first causing ripples. As the wind
continues to blow, the ripples become chop, fully developed seas and finally swells. In
deep water, the energy in waves can travel for thousands of miles until that energy is
finally dissipated on distant shores. Waves are caused by the wind blowing over the
surface of the ocean. In many areas of the world, the wind blows with enough
consistency and force to provide continuous waves along the shoreline. Ocean
waves contain tremendous energy potential.
Wave power devices extract energy from
the surface motion of ocean waves or from
pressure fluctuations below the surface
5. The property of water to form an insoluble curd with
soap instead of latter. In other words it is the destroying
property due to the presence of Bicarbonates, Sulphates
and Chlorides of Calcium and Magnesium. Hard water is
water that has high mineral content. Hard drinking water
is generally not harmful to one's health, but can pose
serious problems in industrial settings. The presence of
the metal cations makes the water hard.
IMPORTANT FACT
The World Health Organisation
says that "there does not appear
to be any convincing evidence
that water hardness causes
adverse health effects in
humans.”
6. TEMPORARY HARDNESS
Temporary hardness is a type of water hardness caused by the presence of dissolved
Bicarbonates minerals (calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate).
Temporary hardness can be reduced either by boiling the water, or by the addition
of lime (calcium hydroxide) through the softening process of lime softening.
PERMANENT HARDNESS
Permanent hardness is hardness (mineral content) that cannot be removed by
boiling. When this is the case, it is usually caused by the presence
of calcium sulphate and/or magnesium sulphate in the water, which do not
precipitate out as the temperature increases.
7. It is often desirable to soften hard water. Most detergents contain ingredients that
counteract the effects of hard water on the surfactants. For this reason, water
softening is often unnecessary. Where softening is practiced, it is often recommended
to soften only the water sent to domestic hot water systems so as to prevent or delay
inefficiencies and damage due to scale formation in water heaters. A common method
for water softening involves the use of ion exchange resins, which replace ions like
Ca2+ by twice the number of monocations such as sodium or potassium ions.
Temporary hardness can be reduced either by boiling the water, or by the addition
of lime (calcium hydroxide) through the softening process of lime softening.
Permanent hardness can be removed by the addition of washing soda (sodium
carbonate).
8. DISADVANTAGES
Hard Water make peoples' cleaning efforts less effective. Clothes that are washed may
not appear clean. More cleaning products are generally required to complete tasks
such as mopping or scrubbing bathrooms. Hard Water tends to leave a film on
surfaces of the dishes. Soaps and detergents do not perform as well in hard water as
they normally do.
ADVANTAGES
The problem of hard water is caused by a high concentration of minerals, often
calcium and magnesium. When individuals drink this water, it may help them to meet
their needs for these nutrients.
9. Water conservation is the practice of saving water and reducing wastefulness.
The goals of water conservation efforts are:
SASTAINABILITY-To ensure availability for future generations, the withdrawal of
fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate.
ENEGY CONSERVATION - Water pumping, delivery
and waste water treatment facilities consume
a significant amount of energy. In some regions
of the world over 15% of total electricity
consumption is devoted to water management.
HABITAT CONSERVATION -Minimizing human water
use helps to preserve fresh water habitats for
local wildlife and migrating waterfowl, as well as
as reducing the need to build new dams and
other water diversion infrastructures.
10. Water conservation is important because it creates more efficient use of the water
resources, it helps decrease in water pollution and increases in energy saving.
Conserving of water helps in protecting the water quality through improved
wastewater treatment. It is also very important in ensuring that we have enough
usable water. Our water resources have decreased
significantly. So it is our duty to protect water because
water is an important resource ,we will not be able
survive without water and it is we the people who
are polluting the water and making it unfit for drinking.
IMPORTANT FACT
SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE
AND OUR PLANET!
11. Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and
deposition of rainwater for reuse before it
reaches the aquifer, include water for garden,
water for livestock, water for irrigation, and
indoor heating for houses etc.. In many places
the water collected is just redirected to a
deep pit with percolation. The harvested
water can be used as drinking water as well
as for storage and other purpose
like irrigation.
DID YOU KNOW?
There are two types of
rain water harvesting :
Roof Top Rain Water
Harvesting
Drain Harvesting
12. •
•
•
•
Currently in China and Brazil rooftop rain water harvesting is being practiced for
providing drinking water, domestic water, water for livestock, water for small
irrigation and a way to replenish ground water levels. Gansu province in China and
semi-arid north-east Brazil have the largest rooftop rainwater harvesting projects
ongoing.
In the state of Tamil Nadu, rainwater harvesting is made compulsory for every
building to avoid ground water depletion. It proved excellent results within five
years, and every other state took it as role model. Since its
implementation, Chennai saw a 50 percent rise in water level in five years and the
water quality significantly improved.
In Beijing, some housing societies are now adding rain water in their main water
sources after proper treatment.
In Sri Lanka rainwater harvesting has been a popular method of obtaining water
for agriculture and for drinking purposes in rural homes.
13. Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social movement consisting
of adivasis, farmers, environmentalists, and human rights activists against a
number of large dams being built across the Narmada river. The river flows
through the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh in India. Sardar Sarovar Dam in
Gujarat is one of the biggest dams on the river and was one of the first focal points
of the movement.
HISTORY
Post-1947, investigations were carried out to evaluate mechanisms for
using water from the Narmada River,which flows into the Arabian
Sea after passing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat. Due
to inter-state differences in implementing schemes and sharing of
water, the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal was constituted by
the Government of India on 6 October 1969 to adjudicate over the
disputes. This tribunal investigated the matters referred to it and
responded after more than 10 years. On 12 December 1979, the
decision as given by the tribunal, with all the parties at dispute binding
to it, was released by the Indian government.
As per the tribunal's decision, 30 major, 135 medium, and 3000 small
dams, were granted approval for construction including raising the
height of the Sardar Sarovar dam.
14. PEOPLE INVOLVED
FORMATION
Amongst the major celebrities who have shown
their support for Narmada Bachao Andolan
are Booker Prize winner Arundhati
Roy and Aamir Khan.
1994 saw the launch of Narmada: A Valley
Rises, by filmmaker Ali Kazimi. It documents
the five-week Sangharsh Yatra of 1991. The film
went on to win several awards and is
considered by many to be a classic on the issue.
In 1996, veteran documentary
filmmaker, Anand Patwardhan, made an awardwinning documentary: A Narmada Diary.
There were groups such as Gujarat-based ArchVahini(Action Research in Community Health
and Development) and Narmada Asargrastha
Samiti (Committee for people affected by the
Narmada dam), Madhya Pradesh-based
Narmada Ghati Nav Nirman Samiti (Committee
for a new life in the Narmada Valley) and
Maharashtra-based Narmada Dharangrastha
Samiti (Committee for Narmada dam-affected
people) who either believed in the need for fair
rehabilitation plans for the people or who
vehemently opposed dam construction despite
a resettlement policy.
While Medha Patkar established Narmada
Bachao Andolan in 1989, all these groups
joined this national coalition of environmental
and human rights activists, scientists,
academics and project-affected people with a
non-violent approach.
15. Within the focus of Narmada Bachao Andolan towards the stoppage of the Sardar
Sarovar dam, Patkar advised addition of World Bank to their propaganda. Using
the right to fasting, she undertook a 22-days fast that almost took her life. In 1991,
Patkar's actions led to an unprecedented independent review by the World Bank.
The Morse Commission, appointed in June 1991 at the recommendation of World
Bank President Barber Conable, conducted its first independent review of a World
Bank project. This independent review stated that "performance under these
projects has fallen short of what is called for under Bank policies and guidelines
and the policies of the Government of India."This resulted in the Indian
Government pulling out of its loan agreement with the World Bank. In response,
Patkar said "It is very clear and obvious that they used this as a face-saving
device," suggesting that if this were not to happen, the World Bank eventually
would have withdrawn the loan. The World Bank's participation in these projects
was cancelled in 1995.
She undertook a similar fast in 1993 and resisted evacuation from the dam site.In
1994, the Bachao Andolan office was attacked reportedly by a couple of political
parties, where Patkar and other activists were physically assaulted and verbally
abused. In protest, a few NBA activists and she began a fast; 20 days later, they
were arrested and forcibly fed intravenously.
16. The Supreme Court's decision is still pending, seeking stoppage of construction of the Sardar
Sarovar dam. The court initially ruled the decision in the Andolan's favor, thereby effecting an
immediate stoppage of work at the dam and directing the concerned states to first complete
the rehabilitation and replacement process.
The Court deliberated on this issue further for several years but finally upheld the Tribunal
Award and allowed the construction to proceed, subject to conditions. The court introduced
a mechanism to monitor the progress of resettlementpari passu with the raising of the height
of the dam through the Grievance Redressal Authorities (GRA) in each of the party states.
The court’s decision referred in this document, given in the year 2000 after seven years of
deliberations, has paved the way for completing the project to attain full envisaged benefits.
The court's final line of the order states, "Every endeavour shall be made to see that the
project is completed as expeditiously as possible"
The Narmada dam's benefits include provision of drinking water, power generation and
irrigation facilities. However, the campaign led by the NBA activists has held up the project's
completion, and the NBA supporters have attacked on local people who accepted
compensation for moving. Others have argued that the Narmada Dam protesters are little
more than environmental extremists who use pseudoscientific agitprop to scuttle the
development of the region and that the dam will provide agricultural benefits to millions of
poor in India. There had also been instances when the NBA activists turned violent and
attacked rehabilitation officer from Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA) and
caused damage to the contractor's machinery.
The NBA has been accused of lying under oath in court about land ownership in areas
affected by the dam. The Supreme Court has mulled perjury charges against the group
17. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed
aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and
implementing plans, programs, and projects to sustain and enhance watershed
functions that affect the plant, animal, and human
communities within a watershed boundary.
Features of a watershed that agencies seek to
manage include water supply, water quality,
drainage, stormwater runoff, water rights, and
the overall planning and utilization of
watersheds. Landowners, land use agencies,
stormwater management experts, environmental
specialists, water use surveyors and communities
all play an integral part in the management of a
watershed.
18.
As ageing large-scale surface
irrigation schemes have become
increasingly inefficient, and
farmers have begun growing a
wider range of crops requiring
water on demand, the number
of groundwater wells in India
has exploded. In 1960, there
were fewer than 100,000 such
wells; by 2006 the figure had
risen to nearly 12 million. In
India, a possible solution to
over-use of groundwater is
emerging, known as
'groundwater recharge'. It
involves capturing rainwater
that would otherwise run-off,
and using it to refill aquifers.
In the Punjab region of India, for
example, groundwater levels have
dropped 10 meters since 1979, and
the rate of depletion is accelerating.