Early treatment for Ebola virus disease focuses on supportive care like fluid resuscitation, oxygen therapy, and managing symptoms. Two monoclonal antibody treatments, Inmazeb and Ebanga, were approved in 2020 based on trials showing increased survival. The single-dose Ebola vaccine ERVEBO was also approved in 2019 and protects against the Zaire species. Prevention in healthcare settings involves training workers, isolating patients, using protective equipment, and limiting contacts. Community prevention focuses on education, safe practices like burials, and addressing stigmas. Survivors may need psychosocial support and precautions around breastfeeding, childbirth, and sexual contact.

1. MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION OF
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE

2. Early SUPPORTIVE CARE
Patients are treated for their symptoms i.e.
 Oxygen therapy
 Fluid resuscitation and management
 Blood transfusion
 Electrolyte management
 Pain management
 Antiemetic medications for vomiting
 Antipyretics
 Antibiotics and anti malarial drugs for possible coexisting infections

3. Pharmacological Therapy
 Two Monoclonal antibodies (Inmazeb and Ebanga) were approved for the
treatment of Zaire Ebola virus infection in both adults and children by the US
Food and Drug administration in late 2020.
 Both of these treatments were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial during
the 2018-2020 Ebola outbreak in the DRC and overall survival was much higher in
patients that received either of the two drugs.
 Neither Inmazeb nor Ebanga have been evaluated for efficacy against species
other than Zaire Ebola virus.

4. Ebola Vaccine
 The U.S Food and Drug Administration(FDA) approved the Ebola vaccine ERVEBO
on December 19 ,2019.
 The vaccine has been found to be safe and protective against Zaire Ebola virus
which has caused the largest and most deadly Ebola outbreaks to date.
 The vaccine is given as a single dose

5. Prevention and control in health care setting
Case Management
 Health workers should be trained in early detection ,isolation and treatment of EVD .
 Isolation of patients suspected or confirmed to have EVD
 Avoid contact with blood and body fluids as well as items that may have come in
contact with the patient.
 Appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn when caring for a patient
with EVD(Gloves ,Gown, Eye protection eg face shield, face mask).
 Minimize the number of staffs in contact with the patient.
 Visitors should be restricted .

6. Prevention and Control within community
 Provide information on disease symptoms and signs , and encourage affected
individuals to seek care immediately .
 Discuss risk factors at community level and how these could be reduced to
prevent exposure to and transmission of infection e.g. safe burials , frequent hand
washing .
 Communication between community leaders and healthcare/outbreak team.
 Support and reduce stigma against survivors and affected families.

7. Care for people who recovered from EVD
 Psychosocial support
 Women who have been infected while pregnant the virus persists in the placenta
and amniotic fluid , standard precautions should be used during delivery.
 In women who have been breastfeeding ,the virus may persist in breast milk after
recovery , therefore should wait until she had two consecutive negative PCR
breast milk test before re-initiating breastfeeding.
 WHO recommends that All male survivors practice safer sex for 12 months or
until their semen tests negative twice for Ebola virus.