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This document provides information about nematodes, including their: 1) Classification within the kingdom Animalia and phylum Nemathelminthes. 2) General characteristics such as size, shape, presence of a buccal capsule and teeth. 3) Life cycle which involves 4 larval stages and 1 adult form, and usually requires a single host like humans. 4) Modes of infection such as ingestion, skin penetration, or transmission by blood-sucking insects.
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APznzaaPwSGRlfmqb6PbqdSWuSo3nJwpoBRwa989DogCE94X5wHUxZlE1BCztYm_W0xVTRQpZMgPA...
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Classification Of Medically Important Helminths 2020.pptx
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presentation nematodes.pptx
- 1. NEMATODES Presented by, Rahul Unni K Mentor, Dr.Bhaskaran
- 3. Classification of NEMATODES • SYSTEMIC CLASSIFICATION KINGDOM :ANIMALIA PHYLUM:NEMATHELMINTHES CLASS : NEMATODA SUB CLASS : ADENOPHOREA SECERNENTEA
- 4. Nematodes • General characteristics – • Size – 1mm to 1 m • Shape - Elongated, Cylindrical, Unsegmented • Head end – Hooks and sucker absent, Well developed buccal capsule with teeth or cutting plates seen in some species. • Alimentary canal – Complete with anus. • Body cavity – Present and known as psuedocoele. viscera remains suspended in the pseudocoele. • Sex – Separate (Dioecious)
- 5. Life Cycle • Consists of 4 larval stages and 1 adult form • Requires one host (except filarial worms, Dracunculus – need two hosts). • Optimum host – Man • Nematodes localise in intestinal tract and eggs pass out with the faeces of the host.
- 6. Modes of infection • By Ingestion of eggs • Eggs : Ascaris, Enterobius • Larvae within intermediate host : Dracunculus. • Encysted larvae in muscle : Trichinella • By penetration of skin: Ancylostoma, Strongyloides • By blood sucking insects : Filariae • By inhalation of dust containing eggs : Ascaris, Enterobius
- 7. Classification • On the basis of habitat of adult worms • Intestinal Human Nematodes » Small intestine : Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichenella spiralis » Large intestine : Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis • Somatic Human Nematodes » Lymphatics : Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori » Skin/subcutaneous : Loa loa, Dracunculus medinensis » Mesentry : Mansonella ozzardi, Mansonella perstans » Conjuctiva : Loa loa • Zoological Classification
Editor's Notes
- Free living Nematode means thread like Strongyloides – milli metre size Dracunculus – metre size Male is generally shorter than female and its posterior end is curved or coiled ventrally.
- Two hosts are man (optimum) and inesct vector or cyclops