The actual scenario of the brazilian ethanol industry
Sugar cane energy crop trends in Brazil
1. Sugar cane as an energy crop: current status and future trends in Brazil André Martins de Martini Promon Engenharia Brazil Wednesday, 10th of March, 2010
8. Overview of sugar cane and ethanol production in BrazilEvolution of sugar cane production from 1975 to 2008 After negligible increase during the 90´s, Brazilian total production has been raising for the last 5 years in an average rate of 15% per year. Source: Brasil. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Anuário estatístico da agroenergia / Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. – Brasília : Mapa/ACS, 2009. 160 p.
9. Overview of sugar cane and ethanol production in Brazil Evolution of world sugar cane production from 1990 to 2007 Brazil is the biggest sugar cane producer, with a production 45% larger than the second biggest producer Source: Brasil. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Anuário estatístico da agroenergia / Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. – Brasília : Mapa/ACS, 2009. 160 p.
10. Overview of sugar cane and ethanol production in Brazil Comparison between Brazilian and American ethanol production Brazil was the biggest ethanol producer until 2006, when USA took the first place after a continuous period of intensive increase in production via stimulus of corn ethanol Source: Brasil. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Anuário estatístico da agroenergia / Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. – Brasília : Mapa/ACS, 2009. 160 p. ; RenewableFuelsAssociation,: http://www.ethanolrfa.org/industry/statistics/#E
11. Overview of sugar cane and ethanol production in Brazil Sugarcane national agro-ecological zoning The already impressive figures of Brazilian production does not show the real potential for ethanol production. This map shows the agro-ecological zoning of Brazil, which defines the areas where production can be extended to. This figure clearly shows that an increase in production and planted area does not mean degradation of protected biomes like Amazon and Pantanal. Source: http://blog.planalto.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/mapabrasil.jpg. Acessed in February/2010
12. Overview of sugar cane and ethanol production in Brazil Energy balance of sugarcane bioethanol production in Brazil (MJ/tc) The most exciting characteristic of sugar cane production in Brazil is its energy ratio. This outstanding result is partially obtained by the use of bagasse as source of energy for processing sugar cane and more recently for generating electricity connected to the grid in cogeneration plants * Source: Sugarcane-based bioethanol : energy for sustainable development / coordination BNDES and CGEE – Rio de Janeiro :BNDES, 2008.
13. Energy OutlookTotal Primary Energy Production BRAZIL WORLD Renewables: 12,7% Renewables: 46,0% Source: “BrazilianEnergy Balance 2009 ; IEA
14. Energy OutlookElectricity generation by source +300% The planned increase in oil fired thermal power plants stems from the necessity of higher stability and supply security, due to the dependence of reservoirs levels and rain regime. Source: ONS; IEA
15. Energy outlookBiomass cogeneration can be an alternative to this situation… The graph shows the anti-cyclical pattern of bagasse cogeneration in Brazil. The peak of production occurs during the harvest, exactly during the dry season when the reservoirs reach the lowest level. Source:Castro, N.; Brandão; Dantas, G. A.; Timponi, R.R.; Oportunidades de Comercialização de Bioeletricidade no Sistema Elétrico Brasileiro. 2009
16. Energy outlook… with possibility to generate energy equivalent to Itaipu in less than 10 years 10.158 1 “Itaipu-equivalent” Studies of UNICA* shows that the increase of production and the use of straw can provide in 2017/2018 “another Itaipu” (around 10.200 MW av.) in biomass cogeneration Source: JANK, M.S.Bioeletricidade de cana-de-açúcar - Integração na matriz elétrica e oportunidade de Oferta e cenários para 2010 e 2011 * UNICA = BrazilianSugarcaneIndustryAssociation
19. Each 1.000 MWav. added in a given period saves up to 4% of reservoir levels (*)
20. Construction time of new projects is much smaller when compared to big sized hydro power plants
21. Location of sugar cane production (and thus the biomass generation) is close to the main load ( southeast region of Brazil)
22. Increase in biomass minimize the use of emergency oil fired plants in peaks of demand
23. Each 1.000 MWav. added in a given period avoids R$ 25 million to the Brazilian interconnected system (*)* Source:Silvestrin, C. A. A Bioeletricidade na Expansão da Oferta de Energia Elétrica; Fórum APINE – CanalEnergia Abastecimento Energético 2008 - 2009
53. Straw is lighter and dryer and has a higher Heat of Combustion than bagasse -> ΔHstraw = 1.7 ΔHbagasse
54. Mixtures of 10% to 20% of straw in mass with bagasse can be used in current boilers without affecting the performance nor the lifespan of the equipment -> this can provide 30% more energy using the same installation (i.e., bagasse can be stored for inter-harvest periods)
65. The challenges for methanization development are decrease of cost of drying and higher productivity of bioreactors.* Source: Olivério, J.L. Upgrading and modernizing onsite generarion facilities. Cogeneration Brazil 2009. Dedini
66.
67. Bagasse and straw gasification can be a breakthrough in terms of improvement on electricity generation and overall efficiency
70. gas cleaning and separation of alkali and particulates from the gas produced
71. modification of gas turbines for using gas with low caloric power obtaining a performance comparable to turbines that burn natural gas
72. significant reduction of capital costs through the learning effect* Source: Chang, K. K. W., Wing, A. L. A., Hoi, L. W. S.. Bagasse gasification technologies for electricity production in the sugar industry. Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius
80. Efficiency of gas turbine is comparable to current gas turbinesSTEP 3 Gasification AFTER STEP 3 Total output: 161mw
81. André Martins de Martini andre.martini@promon.com.br www.promon.com.br São Paulo BR Rio de Janeiro BR Av. Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek, 1830 04543-900 São Paulo - SP Praia do Flamengo, 154 22210-906 Rio de Janeiro - RJ CONFIDENTIAL– This document contains confidential information with restricted access and ownership or possession of Promon SA, or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, and are protected by applicable law against disclosure. The possession, display, disclosure, distribution or unauthorized use of of this document is strictly prohibited.