Natural science: Introduction to Physics and Chemistry Year 6 of Primary Education CLIL resource

1. by Rafael
Rodríguez
Pérez
PRESENTATION without answers

3. - How is your material called?
- What is its state? (Solid, liquid or gaseous)
- How many substances has it got?
- Describe it. (Colour, size, texture, flexibility, hardness, flavour, smell…)
- How would you use energy to change it?
Work in groups. Choose one material and work on it following
these guidelines. Prepare a short presentation.
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Piece of fabric
Piece of wood
Salt
Water
Air
Metal
sharpener

5. 30’’ challenge.
In pairs, find as many
examples of matter and
non-matter as possible.
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Dictation.

6. 30’’ challenge.
In pairs, find as many
examples of matter and
non-matter as possible.
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- Matter is made up of
one or more
substances.
- Wood, plastic, air, etc.
are examples of
substances.
Dictation.
In groups, make some mini cards
of pure substances and mixtures. The
secretary will keep them to play.

7. a. Pure substances contain only _________ type of component.
b. The component in a pure substance can’t be _________ into
other substances.
c. _________ contain two or more substances.
Complete these sentences using the words in the box.
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separated – mixtures – one

8. Complete these sentences using the words in the box.
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Work in groups. Read and classify the mixtures of your cards.
There are two main types of mixtures.
- Heterogeneous mixtures: The
different components can be
distinguished.
- Homogeneous mixtures: The
different components cannot be
distinguished.
a. Pure substances contain only _________ type of component.
b. The component in a pure substance can’t be _________ into
other substances.
c. _________ contain two or more substances.
separated – mixtures – one

9. Mr. Ralph wakes up at 7 o’clock. As he breathes in the
morning air he feels the blood return to his legs and gets quickly
out of the bed. He goes to the bathroom and washes his face
with soap and water, brushes his teeth with toothpaste and puts
on his face cream. After getting dressed it is time for breakfast,
cereal with milk and a cup of chocolate milk. Finally, he is ready
to face his day.
Read this story and underline homogeneous mixtures red and
heterogeneous mixtures blue.
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PRESENT SIMPLE

10. Jigsaw strategy. Choose one of the methods of separation of
mixtures. Make a group of experts with other classmates with the same
choice and study it deeper. Later, go back to your group and explain your
method to your mates. Make up a poster in groups.
1
- Filtration. It
separates solids from
liquids or solids with
different size
particles in
heterogeneous
mixtures.
- Distillation. It separates
liquids that have
different boiling points in
homogeneous mixtures.
We heat the mixture, the
liquid with the lower
boiling point evaporates
and the other liquid
remains in the container.
- Evaporation. It separates solids from
liquids in homogeneous mixtures. When
the liquid evaporates, the solids remain.
- Decantation. It
separates substances of
different density in
heterogeneous
mixtures.

12. Make a ball of clay, follow your teacher’s instructions and tick
the correct boxes in the table.
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Yes No
I don’t
know
a. Has it changed its colour?
b. Has it changed its size?
c. Has it changed its shape?
d. Has it changed its state of matter?
e. After physical changes, is it still made
up of the same substance(s)?

13. Work in pairs. Complete this diagram with a picture.
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SOLID LIQUID GAS
melting
sublimation
vaporization
condensationsolidification
reverse sublimation
CHANGES OF MATTER

14. a. It happens when a solid turns into a gas. _____________
b. It happens when a gas turns into a liquid. _____________
c. It happens when a gas turns into a solid. _____________
d. It happens when a solid turns into a liquid. _____________
e. It happens when a liquid turns into a solid. _____________
f. It happens when a liquid turns into a gas. _____________
- It can happen by evaporation (slowly) or boiling (fast).
Cooperative reading. Read these definitions cooperatively and
guess what term they refer to.
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melting – vaporization – sublimation –
condensation – solidification – reverse sublimation

15. - Write 150 words at least.
- Use linkers: First, first of all, to start with, second, third, later, after that,
however, instead of, because, in addition, also, too, finally, in conclusion…
- Use Present Simple:
Imagine you are ‘Physical-change man/woman’. Your super powers
can change matter physically. Make up an adventure and write your
story.
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PRESENT SIMPLE

16. MATTER EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS
Substances expand when heated and they contract when
cooled.
Fill one container with hot water and another with ice water.
Hold an empty and open plastic bottle in hot water for thirty
seconds, and then tightly screw on the lid.
Next, hold the bottle in ice water.
Read about expansion and contraction of matter and do.
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What do you think
will happen?

18. CHEMICAL CHANGES
A chemical change happens when… the original matter
transforms into other new substances. These change is non-
reversible, so the new substances can’t be changed back into its
original form or components.
1-2-group technique. Look at this picture and define ‘chemical
changes’.
3

19. TYPES OF CHEMICAL CHANGES/REACTIONS
• Oxidation. It happens when some metal substances, such as iron,
combine with oxygen in the presence of water. As a result, rust is
produced.
• Combustion. It happens when objects or substances are burned. This
reaction needs oxygen and produces gases (usually CO2), light and
heat.
• Fermentation: It happens in some living things, such as yeast and
bacteria. Some types of fermentation are used to produce yogurt, wine
or bread.
Work in group. Read about the types of chemical reactions
(chemical changes) and prepare an explanation in group.
3

20. Write oxidation, combustion or fermentation. Then, check your
partner’s answers.
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PRODUCTION OF GAS DURING DECOMPOSITION
Smash some ripe bananas and put them into a water bottle.
Stretch a balloon over the mouth of the bottle and let it sit in a
warm, sunny place until the next day. The balloon will inflate!
It happens because, like fermentation, decomposition is a
chemical change that produces gas.
Read, think, do and learn.
a. It happens when cars burn fuel to move. _______________
b. Your dad cooks chicken. _______________
c. Cheese and yogurt are produced. _______________
d. Your scissors are outside, it has been raining and they has
become rusted. _______________
e. An apple has turned brown. _______________

21. You will need:
- An egg
- Vinegar
- A glass
PROCEDURE
1st Place the egg into the glass.
2nd Pour vinegar into the glass to cover the egg.
3rd Let it sit for 2 days.
4th You will see that the eggshell has disappeared and your egg has
become transparent. Also, your egg will possible be bouncy, like a ball.
WHAT’S HAPPENING?
The acid in vinegar and the calcium carbonate of the eggshell react and
make calcium acetate, carbon dioxide (bubbles), and water.
Experiment time. Peel an egg with a chemical change. Take
pictures of all the process, glue those pictures in a sheet of paper and
explain what has happened.
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23. Listen, write and discuss. Dictation.
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24. - All the physical and chemical changes involve energy.
Listen, write and discuss. Dictation.
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25. Think and match.
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FORM OF ENERGY HOW IT WORKS EXAMPLE
a. Mechanical energy a. It comes from the Sun, light bulbs,
etc. It can be transformed into
electrical energy in solar panels.
a. A glass of hot
chocolate milk has more
energy than a cold one.
b. Chemical energy b. Movement and position. b. Water in a river and
book on a table.
c. Electrical energy c. It’s produced by the movement of
charged particles. It’s converted into
other forms of energy.
c. Light bulbs, TV and
mobiles phones use this
energy.
d. Light energy d. During chemical reactions energy is
converted into other forms of energy.
d. It helps us see or
produce images on a TV.
e. Nuclear energy e. It is the energy of an object related
to its temperature.
e. Food, fuel and
batteries.
f. Thermal energy f. Some nuclear fuels (uranium and
plutonium) give much energy when
their atoms split apart.
f. We use it to produce
electrical energy in
nuclear plants.

26. Work in groups. Choose a form of energy and prepare a
short presentation.
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27. MATTERANDENERGY
COMPOSITION
OF MATTER
Pure substances
_____________
mixture
____________
mixture
CHANGES OF
MATTER
Physical changes
Size
solid
Chemical changes
New substances
Non-reversible
Types
FORMS OF
ENERGY