This document outlines the design process for a residential housing project in Kristiansand, Norway using cross-laminated timber (CLT) construction. The project aims to provide affordable housing for first-time buyers while redeveloping a vacant industrial area. The design phases include conceptual design, design development, and technical design. Key aspects addressed include structural analysis of the CLT, fire safety, acoustic performance, building services planning, cost estimation, and preparation of construction drawings.
Benchmark cCstomer Day 22nd September 2010 - Building Regs Presentation Benchmark
The document summarizes the UK's Non-Domestic Building Regulations Part L2A and L2B from 2010. Key points include:
- Regulations were updated in 2010 to require a 25% reduction in CO2 emissions for new buildings and improved energy efficiency standards for refurbishments.
- Compliance involves meeting targets for fabric performance, limits on thermal bridging and air leakage, and summer overheating.
- Notional buildings were introduced as baseline specifications to demonstrate compliance. Wall and roof insulation thickness increased significantly.
- Regulations differ slightly between England/Wales and Scotland but generally drive higher performance standards across new builds, extensions and refurbishments.
- The changes mark significant progress toward
A deterioration model for establishing an optimal mix of time-based maintenance (TbM) and Condition-Based Maintenance (CbM) for the Enclosure System.
Participants will:
1. Learn the two types of asset deterioration models
2. Explore the correlations when the two deterioration models are overlaid
3. Identify six different phases in the maintenance of an asset
4. Identify further model development needs
Thermal bridging can greatly impact the thermal performance of building envelopes. This presentation discusses research from ASHRAE RP-1365 that quantified thermal bridging in common construction details using 3D modeling. It found that accounting for thermal bridges can decrease a wall's effective R-value by over 30%. The presentation also showed that improving details like slab edges and balcony connections through methods like insulation and thermal breaks provided significant energy savings compared to simply adding clear wall insulation. Overall, the research demonstrates the importance of considering thermal bridging when assessing building envelope performance and codes.
The document discusses Intel's goal of finding an alternative material to replace C101 copper alloy for heat spreaders in their assembly test factories. Several potential materials were researched before narrowing it down to three top candidates: CarbAl, aluminum graphite, and silicon carbide. Further analysis showed silicon carbide to be the best option as it meets all requirements, is available worldwide from multiple suppliers at a competitive cost, and offers greater sustainability than copper. While complex to manufacture, silicon carbide provides high thermal conductivity capabilities suitable for Intel's needs.
This document discusses Intel's goal of finding an alternative material to replace C101 copper alloy for heat spreaders in their assembly test factories. Several potential materials were researched and silicon carbide was selected as the top alternative due to its high thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion that matches copper, and worldwide availability from suppliers like Dow Corning and Stanford Advanced Materials. While silicon carbide has a more complex manufacturing process than stamped copper, it meets all requirements and is a more sustainable long-term option for Intel's needs.
Robin Dargavel has over 30 years of experience in the oil and gas industry, holding positions in engineering, project management, and construction management. He has extensive experience working on projects in various countries, including the UK, Oman, Bangladesh, Ghana, and Libya. His background includes work on pipelines, offshore assets, oil refineries, and LNG plants. Currently he works as an independent consultant providing engineering and project support services to companies in the oil and gas sector.
Original presentation by Glenn Friedman and presented to the Illinois Chapter of ASHRAE at the May 10 monthly meeting by Michael Kuk of Sieben Energy Associates.
Benchmark cCstomer Day 22nd September 2010 - Building Regs Presentation Benchmark
The document summarizes the UK's Non-Domestic Building Regulations Part L2A and L2B from 2010. Key points include:
- Regulations were updated in 2010 to require a 25% reduction in CO2 emissions for new buildings and improved energy efficiency standards for refurbishments.
- Compliance involves meeting targets for fabric performance, limits on thermal bridging and air leakage, and summer overheating.
- Notional buildings were introduced as baseline specifications to demonstrate compliance. Wall and roof insulation thickness increased significantly.
- Regulations differ slightly between England/Wales and Scotland but generally drive higher performance standards across new builds, extensions and refurbishments.
- The changes mark significant progress toward
A deterioration model for establishing an optimal mix of time-based maintenance (TbM) and Condition-Based Maintenance (CbM) for the Enclosure System.
Participants will:
1. Learn the two types of asset deterioration models
2. Explore the correlations when the two deterioration models are overlaid
3. Identify six different phases in the maintenance of an asset
4. Identify further model development needs
Thermal bridging can greatly impact the thermal performance of building envelopes. This presentation discusses research from ASHRAE RP-1365 that quantified thermal bridging in common construction details using 3D modeling. It found that accounting for thermal bridges can decrease a wall's effective R-value by over 30%. The presentation also showed that improving details like slab edges and balcony connections through methods like insulation and thermal breaks provided significant energy savings compared to simply adding clear wall insulation. Overall, the research demonstrates the importance of considering thermal bridging when assessing building envelope performance and codes.
The document discusses Intel's goal of finding an alternative material to replace C101 copper alloy for heat spreaders in their assembly test factories. Several potential materials were researched before narrowing it down to three top candidates: CarbAl, aluminum graphite, and silicon carbide. Further analysis showed silicon carbide to be the best option as it meets all requirements, is available worldwide from multiple suppliers at a competitive cost, and offers greater sustainability than copper. While complex to manufacture, silicon carbide provides high thermal conductivity capabilities suitable for Intel's needs.
This document discusses Intel's goal of finding an alternative material to replace C101 copper alloy for heat spreaders in their assembly test factories. Several potential materials were researched and silicon carbide was selected as the top alternative due to its high thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion that matches copper, and worldwide availability from suppliers like Dow Corning and Stanford Advanced Materials. While silicon carbide has a more complex manufacturing process than stamped copper, it meets all requirements and is a more sustainable long-term option for Intel's needs.
Robin Dargavel has over 30 years of experience in the oil and gas industry, holding positions in engineering, project management, and construction management. He has extensive experience working on projects in various countries, including the UK, Oman, Bangladesh, Ghana, and Libya. His background includes work on pipelines, offshore assets, oil refineries, and LNG plants. Currently he works as an independent consultant providing engineering and project support services to companies in the oil and gas sector.
Original presentation by Glenn Friedman and presented to the Illinois Chapter of ASHRAE at the May 10 monthly meeting by Michael Kuk of Sieben Energy Associates.
The document outlines the syllabus for a course on services and other areas of interest in materials and construction. It discusses topics like mechanical services, electricity, wastewater treatment, illumination, sound insulation, construction industry roles, safety, planning impacts, structural systems, energy sources and performance, passive design, and building energy rating. Mechanical services like water, heating, solar panels, and wastewater systems are described in detail. The building energy rating process is also summarized.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookDaniel Coakley
Presented at Technical Seminar: Ventilative Cooling & Overheating Risk - Cork Institute of Technology, 20th April 2016
This half day seminar for researchers, designers, engineers & architects, is organised in collaboration with IEA-EBC Annex 62 and will present state of the art in utilising ventilation for reducing cooling energy demand and addressing the risk of overheating in low energy buildings.
The presentation focuses on natural ventilation modelling features in the IES-VE Virtual Environment and case study of the application of some of these features as part of the ASHRAE LowDown ShowDown Competition 2015.
This document provides a final design report for the renewal of the Tin Shed building in Santa Barbara, CA. It includes background on the building codes, a purpose statement for the new design, and calculations of design loads like dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads. Design loads were calculated based on the building's dimensions, location in Santa Barbara, and its intended use. The report also includes the column and girder layout, tributary load maps and tables, selections of beams and columns, and appendix with calculations to support the design.
This document presents the final project report for strengthening an existing one-story masonry structure and canopy. Initial analysis found that the canopy beams B1 and B2, and the building trusses and steel beam B2 were overstressed. The report details the strengthening designs for these components to meet code requirements, including adding additional beams or sections. Non-destructive testing methods like cover meters and ground probing are proposed to verify reinforcement in walls and size of footings.
This document provides an overview of load calculations according to Eurocode standards. It discusses gravity loads such as self-weight, imposed loads, and snow loads. It also examines wind loads and outlines the 17 stages to calculate wind actions, including determining basic wind speed, exposure factors, internal and external pressure coefficients, and resulting wind forces. Load combinations are presented according to Eurocode 0 for different design situations.
This document summarizes a study that used building simulations to determine if two representative UK hotel types (an older converted building and a newer purpose-built building) could reduce their carbon dioxide emissions by 50% through various interventions expected to be available by 2030. The simulations found that it is technically feasible to reduce emissions by 50% without compromising guest comfort. The interventions considered included improvements to building fabric, HVAC systems, lighting, appliances, and renewable energy generation. While ranking the effectiveness of different interventions was difficult, the study demonstrates the potential for deep emissions reductions in the hotel sector.
IES Faculty - IESVE as a Design Application & Part L ClinicIES VE
The document provides an overview of new features in the IES VE2013 software update, including:
1) A master templates wizard that allows design strategies to be easily transferred between models without geometry.
2) An expanded parametric batch processor that allows single parameter changes to be applied to multiple models.
3) Tab editing capabilities for ModelIT parameters such as room name, type, and area calculations.
4) New cost analysis, lifecycle cost analysis, and lifecycle assessment features using UK industry standards.
Taming The Wind with Engineered Tall Wallsdonaldsimon
This document provides an overview of tall wall systems and tools for designing tall walls. It discusses components of tall wall systems like studs, columns, headers and hardware. It also covers code requirements, technical tools like literature and software, and provides a design example using software. The goal is for participants to understand terminology, code requirements, loading considerations, and how to evaluate and design tall wall systems.
Economic Concrete Frame Elements to Eurocode 2Yusuf Yıldız
Eurocode 2'ye göre betonarme çerçeve elemanlarının ekonomik tasarımlarını ele alan dokümanın içerisinde yerinde dökülen, prekast, kompozit, ardgerme kolonlar, kirişler, döşemeler, perdeler ve merdivenlerin tasarımlarına dair bilgiler yer almakta.
The first three years of planning for new nuclear build projects are critical. AMEC Clean Energy provides expertise across three core skill-sets to support new nuclear build projects throughout their lifecycle: licensing and regulatory support, program management, and engineering and safety case development. Flexibility is needed to adapt the support based on the project's procurement strategy, phases, and the level of "intelligent customer" capability required by the client.
This document discusses optimizing the design of road bridges to minimize environmental impact and cost. It proposes an automated design and optimization procedure that covers gaps between theoretical studies and practical application. The procedure is demonstrated for optimizing three bridge types: (1) reinforced concrete beam bridges, (2) reinforced concrete overhang bridge slabs, and (3) composite bridge decks. For each application, the procedure determines optimal structural configurations and cross-sectional dimensions to minimize investment cost and environmental impact from materials. Case studies show the optimized solutions reduce costs by 4-13% compared to traditional designs while remaining constructible. Recommendations include using more durable materials like GFRP reinforcement and minimizing reinforcement.
Simon Bainbridge is a mechanical engineer at Atkins Nuclear in Rotherham, England. He has experience in mechanical design, analysis, project management, and interfacing with clients across several industries including civil, structural, water, environment, rail, and nuclear. Bainbridge has skills in areas such as mechanical design, finite element analysis, project delivery, bid management, and the use of CAD software packages. He holds an MEng in Mechanical Engineering and is an Associate Member of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers and IOM3.
David Garver Pedder is a British and Australian civil engineer with over 15 years of experience in structural design, project management, and construction management. He has a Masters degree in Civil and Structural Engineering from Newcastle University and has worked on major infrastructure projects in Australia and the UK. Pedder is proficient in CAD, project management, and structural analysis software and has extensive training in areas such as health and safety, quality management, and construction operations. He is currently pursuing additional education at the Technical University of Berlin.
This document contains instructions for a homework assignment on the design of reinforced concrete structures. The homework involves designing and analyzing various structural elements, including beams, slabs, and columns, under different limit states. For each problem, the student is asked to develop calculation models, determine load effects, design reinforcement, and check design code requirements. Reinforcement layouts and load-capacity diagrams are to be drawn. The problems are based on a typical parking structure and warehouse building and involve the application of Eurocode standards for structural design.
D1 (A1) Erica Pereira Carneiro - Potential improvements in the life-cycle per...Svenska Betongföreningen
1) The document summarizes the key findings of an interview study conducted in Sweden on improving the life-cycle performance of support structures for onshore wind turbines.
2) Interviews with 15 experts found that defects during construction from poor design or work are common, with quality issues in poured concrete surfaces. Planning backup solutions and good oversight of concrete and reinforcement work were suggested to address this.
3) Experts noted that wind turbine foundations often outlast the turbines and are left in place at end of life instead of being reused or recycled, representing missed opportunities. Increased inspection and monitoring of foundations and bolts was recommended.
The document provides information on the design of a new office building tailored for legal firms in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It includes the site location and constraints, inspiration for the design, laser scanning of the site, architectural plans for each level, and details on the structural, architectural, and MEP (mechanical, electrical, plumbing) models created in Revit. Next steps include clash detection between models in Navisworks and construction animations.
This document provides information on roof construction, industrialized building systems, and precast roof systems. It discusses coated fiberglass membrane roofs, precast concrete walls, beams, columns, flooring, and staircases. Precast concrete is described as having advantages like ease of installation, consistent quality, and reduced weather dependency compared to site-cast construction. Details and specifications are given for various precast structural and envelope elements. The document serves as a reference for a student project on advanced roof systems and industrialized building techniques.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document provides information about a construction technology and maintenance course, including its code, credit units, contact hours, assessment structure, and lesson plan. The course aims to help students understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used on construction sites. It covers topics like building, infrastructure, and maintenance stages; temporary and permanent works; construction plants; and latest technologies. The lesson plan lists weekly topics, learning outcomes, and lecture hours across 14 weeks. Students will learn about construction processes, equipment selection, and sustainable development techniques. The course assessments include two tests, assignments, a project report, and group presentations.
This document describes a project to analyze and design a pre-engineered building for an industrial shed. It provides details of the building dimensions, location, and loading conditions. It outlines the methodology, which includes calculating dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. Load calculations are presented for self-weight, roofing, purlins, sheeting, live loads, and wind loads based on the building's location in Pune, India. The document also includes plans and elevations of the building and tables of material properties and load combinations that will be used in the structural analysis and design using STAAD Pro software.
Modern fastening systems in tunnel constructionStefan Lammert
This document discusses fastening systems used in tunnel construction. It begins by providing examples of fixing failures in tunnels that resulted in accidents and deaths. It then discusses various fastening systems, focusing on cast-in channels. Cast-in channels are categorized as a cast-in-place anchor system. The document outlines key considerations for selecting fastening systems, including corrosion protection, the anchoring base (concrete properties), and installation. It emphasizes the importance of selecting systems suitable for the intended service life and environment of the tunnel. Cast-in channels are presented as a preferred alternative to traditional post-installed anchors, as they allow for simpler installation and compensation of tolerances.
The document outlines the syllabus for a course on services and other areas of interest in materials and construction. It discusses topics like mechanical services, electricity, wastewater treatment, illumination, sound insulation, construction industry roles, safety, planning impacts, structural systems, energy sources and performance, passive design, and building energy rating. Mechanical services like water, heating, solar panels, and wastewater systems are described in detail. The building energy rating process is also summarized.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookDaniel Coakley
Presented at Technical Seminar: Ventilative Cooling & Overheating Risk - Cork Institute of Technology, 20th April 2016
This half day seminar for researchers, designers, engineers & architects, is organised in collaboration with IEA-EBC Annex 62 and will present state of the art in utilising ventilation for reducing cooling energy demand and addressing the risk of overheating in low energy buildings.
The presentation focuses on natural ventilation modelling features in the IES-VE Virtual Environment and case study of the application of some of these features as part of the ASHRAE LowDown ShowDown Competition 2015.
This document provides a final design report for the renewal of the Tin Shed building in Santa Barbara, CA. It includes background on the building codes, a purpose statement for the new design, and calculations of design loads like dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads. Design loads were calculated based on the building's dimensions, location in Santa Barbara, and its intended use. The report also includes the column and girder layout, tributary load maps and tables, selections of beams and columns, and appendix with calculations to support the design.
This document presents the final project report for strengthening an existing one-story masonry structure and canopy. Initial analysis found that the canopy beams B1 and B2, and the building trusses and steel beam B2 were overstressed. The report details the strengthening designs for these components to meet code requirements, including adding additional beams or sections. Non-destructive testing methods like cover meters and ground probing are proposed to verify reinforcement in walls and size of footings.
This document provides an overview of load calculations according to Eurocode standards. It discusses gravity loads such as self-weight, imposed loads, and snow loads. It also examines wind loads and outlines the 17 stages to calculate wind actions, including determining basic wind speed, exposure factors, internal and external pressure coefficients, and resulting wind forces. Load combinations are presented according to Eurocode 0 for different design situations.
This document summarizes a study that used building simulations to determine if two representative UK hotel types (an older converted building and a newer purpose-built building) could reduce their carbon dioxide emissions by 50% through various interventions expected to be available by 2030. The simulations found that it is technically feasible to reduce emissions by 50% without compromising guest comfort. The interventions considered included improvements to building fabric, HVAC systems, lighting, appliances, and renewable energy generation. While ranking the effectiveness of different interventions was difficult, the study demonstrates the potential for deep emissions reductions in the hotel sector.
IES Faculty - IESVE as a Design Application & Part L ClinicIES VE
The document provides an overview of new features in the IES VE2013 software update, including:
1) A master templates wizard that allows design strategies to be easily transferred between models without geometry.
2) An expanded parametric batch processor that allows single parameter changes to be applied to multiple models.
3) Tab editing capabilities for ModelIT parameters such as room name, type, and area calculations.
4) New cost analysis, lifecycle cost analysis, and lifecycle assessment features using UK industry standards.
Taming The Wind with Engineered Tall Wallsdonaldsimon
This document provides an overview of tall wall systems and tools for designing tall walls. It discusses components of tall wall systems like studs, columns, headers and hardware. It also covers code requirements, technical tools like literature and software, and provides a design example using software. The goal is for participants to understand terminology, code requirements, loading considerations, and how to evaluate and design tall wall systems.
Economic Concrete Frame Elements to Eurocode 2Yusuf Yıldız
Eurocode 2'ye göre betonarme çerçeve elemanlarının ekonomik tasarımlarını ele alan dokümanın içerisinde yerinde dökülen, prekast, kompozit, ardgerme kolonlar, kirişler, döşemeler, perdeler ve merdivenlerin tasarımlarına dair bilgiler yer almakta.
The first three years of planning for new nuclear build projects are critical. AMEC Clean Energy provides expertise across three core skill-sets to support new nuclear build projects throughout their lifecycle: licensing and regulatory support, program management, and engineering and safety case development. Flexibility is needed to adapt the support based on the project's procurement strategy, phases, and the level of "intelligent customer" capability required by the client.
This document discusses optimizing the design of road bridges to minimize environmental impact and cost. It proposes an automated design and optimization procedure that covers gaps between theoretical studies and practical application. The procedure is demonstrated for optimizing three bridge types: (1) reinforced concrete beam bridges, (2) reinforced concrete overhang bridge slabs, and (3) composite bridge decks. For each application, the procedure determines optimal structural configurations and cross-sectional dimensions to minimize investment cost and environmental impact from materials. Case studies show the optimized solutions reduce costs by 4-13% compared to traditional designs while remaining constructible. Recommendations include using more durable materials like GFRP reinforcement and minimizing reinforcement.
Simon Bainbridge is a mechanical engineer at Atkins Nuclear in Rotherham, England. He has experience in mechanical design, analysis, project management, and interfacing with clients across several industries including civil, structural, water, environment, rail, and nuclear. Bainbridge has skills in areas such as mechanical design, finite element analysis, project delivery, bid management, and the use of CAD software packages. He holds an MEng in Mechanical Engineering and is an Associate Member of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers and IOM3.
David Garver Pedder is a British and Australian civil engineer with over 15 years of experience in structural design, project management, and construction management. He has a Masters degree in Civil and Structural Engineering from Newcastle University and has worked on major infrastructure projects in Australia and the UK. Pedder is proficient in CAD, project management, and structural analysis software and has extensive training in areas such as health and safety, quality management, and construction operations. He is currently pursuing additional education at the Technical University of Berlin.
This document contains instructions for a homework assignment on the design of reinforced concrete structures. The homework involves designing and analyzing various structural elements, including beams, slabs, and columns, under different limit states. For each problem, the student is asked to develop calculation models, determine load effects, design reinforcement, and check design code requirements. Reinforcement layouts and load-capacity diagrams are to be drawn. The problems are based on a typical parking structure and warehouse building and involve the application of Eurocode standards for structural design.
D1 (A1) Erica Pereira Carneiro - Potential improvements in the life-cycle per...Svenska Betongföreningen
1) The document summarizes the key findings of an interview study conducted in Sweden on improving the life-cycle performance of support structures for onshore wind turbines.
2) Interviews with 15 experts found that defects during construction from poor design or work are common, with quality issues in poured concrete surfaces. Planning backup solutions and good oversight of concrete and reinforcement work were suggested to address this.
3) Experts noted that wind turbine foundations often outlast the turbines and are left in place at end of life instead of being reused or recycled, representing missed opportunities. Increased inspection and monitoring of foundations and bolts was recommended.
The document provides information on the design of a new office building tailored for legal firms in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It includes the site location and constraints, inspiration for the design, laser scanning of the site, architectural plans for each level, and details on the structural, architectural, and MEP (mechanical, electrical, plumbing) models created in Revit. Next steps include clash detection between models in Navisworks and construction animations.
This document provides information on roof construction, industrialized building systems, and precast roof systems. It discusses coated fiberglass membrane roofs, precast concrete walls, beams, columns, flooring, and staircases. Precast concrete is described as having advantages like ease of installation, consistent quality, and reduced weather dependency compared to site-cast construction. Details and specifications are given for various precast structural and envelope elements. The document serves as a reference for a student project on advanced roof systems and industrialized building techniques.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document provides information about a construction technology and maintenance course, including its code, credit units, contact hours, assessment structure, and lesson plan. The course aims to help students understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used on construction sites. It covers topics like building, infrastructure, and maintenance stages; temporary and permanent works; construction plants; and latest technologies. The lesson plan lists weekly topics, learning outcomes, and lecture hours across 14 weeks. Students will learn about construction processes, equipment selection, and sustainable development techniques. The course assessments include two tests, assignments, a project report, and group presentations.
This document describes a project to analyze and design a pre-engineered building for an industrial shed. It provides details of the building dimensions, location, and loading conditions. It outlines the methodology, which includes calculating dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. Load calculations are presented for self-weight, roofing, purlins, sheeting, live loads, and wind loads based on the building's location in Pune, India. The document also includes plans and elevations of the building and tables of material properties and load combinations that will be used in the structural analysis and design using STAAD Pro software.
Modern fastening systems in tunnel constructionStefan Lammert
This document discusses fastening systems used in tunnel construction. It begins by providing examples of fixing failures in tunnels that resulted in accidents and deaths. It then discusses various fastening systems, focusing on cast-in channels. Cast-in channels are categorized as a cast-in-place anchor system. The document outlines key considerations for selecting fastening systems, including corrosion protection, the anchoring base (concrete properties), and installation. It emphasizes the importance of selecting systems suitable for the intended service life and environment of the tunnel. Cast-in channels are presented as a preferred alternative to traditional post-installed anchors, as they allow for simpler installation and compensation of tolerances.
The following presentation discusses high-performance buildings today and in the future. Current and future codes are discussed as well as implications to the LEED rating system. The last part of the presentation focuses on the inefficiencies in the design-bid-build process and discusses how high-performance buildings will be the result of integrative design.
This document presents a risk analysis and management model for construction projects over the entire project lifecycle. It modifies an existing risk analysis model called APRAM to account for both initial costs and whole lifecycle costs. As a case study, the model is implemented to analyze risks for two design alternatives for a residential building: a conventional construction system and a cold-formed steel system. Risks are identified and probabilities are estimated for technical and managerial failures during design/construction and operation. The residual project budget is then optimally allocated to minimize expected failure costs over the lifecycle for each alternative. The results show the expected failure probabilities and costs for each system.
Advanced Materials International Forum, Bari 18-19 settembre, conferenza internazionale dedicata ai materiali avanzati e alle loro possibili applicazioni nei settori industriali, con un focus particolare sui trasporti (aerospazio, automotive, navale e cantieristico).
David Lyle has over 35 years of experience in engineering management roles related to railway systems. Some of his recent roles include:
- Manager of Engineering for Railway Systems on the Crossrail project, leading a team responsible for route systems, signalling, communication systems, and bulk power.
- Design Delivery Manager for the South East Section of Crossrail, responsible for delivering the project design on schedule and budget.
- Project Engineering Manager for the Network Rail Interface on the Channel Tunnel Rail Link project, managing the design delivery of overhead line equipment,
ONE OF THE WAY TO IMPROVE THE OUTFLOW OF CURRENCY IS THE UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SYSTEM ( IBS ) :
- IBS is a system which suits all architectural demands. It is neither a machine nor component,
- IBS Superstructure In Malaysia 3in1 : HC PRECAST SYSTEM
- Load Bearing + Modular Shear Keys Wet Joint + Box System
1. Residential Housing “Trekanten”, Kristiansand Norway.
Bachelors project – Arch. Tech. and Construction Management
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
Project basis
Project objectives:
• Creation of climate-friendly apartments within financial range for first time
buyers aiding young people in becoming homeowners rather than tenants.
• Development of a worn-out and unused industrial area occupying valuable
space.
Project Thesis
News article#1 News article#2
CD DD TD
Selected planning phases
Project Thesis
Study work plan
2. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
Dissertation report
Cross laminated timber representing the modern
format of solid timber construction, came as a result of
sawmills overproduction of low-grade wood and the
industry’s ambition to pose a solution for wood in
multi-storey structures.
(Falk, 2005)
• System fundamentals
• Material physics
• Economic aspect
• Environmental aspect
Assembly of single-family dwelling, Sogn og Fjordane - Norway 2015
3. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
Procurement strategy and organisation
Design Responsibility matrix
Project Organisation- and Interdependencies
Contractual Agreements-and Correspondence
Contract for consulting
services
Client
Kristiansand
Eiendom (public)
Main contractor
AB 92
Sub-contractor Sub-contractor
Architect
OS3 ArchitectsA/S
Client advisor
ABR 89
ICT
External scrutinizer
ABR 89
ICT
Engineer
Multidisciplina ry
engineering A/S
ABR 89
ICT
ABR 89
ICT
Tender act
Tender act
AB 92 AB 92
Maincontracting
Power of attorney
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Paymentplan
Envrionmental programme
Tender Procedure
4. Conceptual update
Phase specific areas of focus:
1. Brief introduction to the proposed project.
2. Preliminary estimation of project budget, duration and operation costs.
5. Project Location and site utilisation
Project Location Plan Site Plan
Gross Building Area Plot utilisation
Unit typologies (A-C)
Floor plans
Floor plans (-1/5)
Elevations and sections Perspectives and shadow studies
Elevations
Sections
Perspectives
Shadow studies
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Materials selection
Elevation – Materials selection
6. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
Preliminary budget- and planning
Preliminary master-timeframe
Preliminary time- and cost-estimate
• Preliminary project budget: 42,881.826 kr.
Construction costs: 32,999.861 kr.
Soft costs: 9,881.965 kr.
• Preliminary total project duration:
Design- and planning: XXX.XXX (%)
Construction: XXX.XXX (%)
• Life cycle costs (30 years):
Operation cost per. year: 2,003.224 kr.
Operation cost per. 30 year: 60,096.709 kr.
Preliminary life-cycle costing (LCC)
71%
29%
Estimated Life cycle cost :
Investment cost Operation 30 years
7. Design Development
Phase specific areas of focus:
1. Structural composition and function in relation to loads and
materials
2. Analysis of fire safety and required passive measurements
3. Analysis of sound performance requirements
4. Planning of installations in regards to space requirements and
routing options
5. Scrutiny of building components in relation to requirements
6. Scrutiny of junctions between adjacent components
7. Elemental cost estimation and planning development
Project scrutiny
- A working tool for project
development
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
9. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Maximum CLT master plate: 2,95 x 13,8 m
13,8 m
2,95m
≥2,95m
Wall height exceeding 2,95 m
2,40 - 2,95
m
2,40 - 2,95
m
2,40 - 2,95
m
2,40 - 2,95
m
2,40 - 2,95
m
Panels must be laid down during
transportation and flipped to upright
position from truck during assembly.
Flipping of panels may be hazardous in
regards to shear loading of lifting screws.
Requires more individual lifts and time in
regards to jointing.
Wall height not exceeding 2,95 m
≤2,95m
Transport limitations:
Height: 3,0 m
Width: 2,40 m
Length: 13,5 m
Panels can be transported vertically and
requires no flipping during assembly.
Using wall panel of ex. 2,95 m will result in
reduced waste and work-flows in the factory
and on site.
CLT standard size table
1.1 Structural system
10. 0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0
Dimension(mm)
Span (m)
Structural slab analysis - Span to thickness ratio
(Vibration limit governing CLT)
Concrete PX-slab CLT - Slab Brettstapel
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0
Dimension(mm)
Height (m)
Structural wall analysis - Height to thickness ratio
Concrete Exler (class 6) CLT Wall
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Dead load: 1,0 kN/m2 + self-weight Live load: 1,5 kN/m2 Dead load: 16,0 kN/m Live load: 4,5 kN/m
CLT slabs used in functions such as floor slabs exposed to live
loads, are in terms of span length primarily limited by vibration
criteria's which are difficult to satisfy in span lengths ≥ 6 – 6,5 m.
depending upon the load.
In functions where not exposed to live load, the SLS + ULS
criteria's can be met in spans up an approximate 8,0 m.
Dissertatation report
- Chap. 2 - Fundamentals
1.1 Structural system
12. 2.1 Analysis of fire safety and passive measurements
2.2.1 Analysis of passive measurements (component classification) 2.2.2 Analysis of fire safety
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Means of escape – Ground floor Means of escape – First-second floor
Means of escape – Third floor
Component classification – Transverse
Component classification – Longitudinal
13. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2. Analysis of sound performance requirements
On the basis of experiences gained in solid
timber project such as Limnologen,
Sweden 2009, the acoustic climate
showed to be challenged by sound waves
under the normal frames of frequency.
Provided the issues with light-buildings
and transfer of sound, the building must
fulfil sound class B which is added the
spectral correlation Rw C 50-3150.
Dissertatation report
- Chap. 3. - Acoustics
Sintef Byggforsk
- Rapport 80
References
14. 3.1 Planning of installations
2.2.1 Ventilation systems – residential
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2.2.1 Sprinkling systems – residential
Type A Type B Type C
Level - complete Scrutiny of residential
Sprinkling systems
Type A Type B Type C
Scrutiny of residential
ventilation systems
Dimensioning of ducts
15. 5. Scrutiny of building components in regards to requirements
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
16. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5. Scrutiny of building components in regards to requirements
17. 5. Scrutiny of building components in regards to
requirements
Primary exterior wall
Performance requirements and component scrutiny
DocumentationAestctic inspiration
List of requirements Sketch proposals Property analysis
U-value TEKNOS fire
impregnation.
Documentation
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Vandkanten, Stavanger – AART .
Sintef - 84
18. 5. Scrutiny of building components in regards to
requirements
Primary floor slab
Performance requirements and component scrutiny
References
List of requirements Sketch proposals Property analysis
Sintef Byggforsk
- Rapport 80
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Documentation
Structural
calculation slab
REI 60
classification
Brekke & Strand
- Premis rapport
Structural utilisation slab (6m):
ULS:85% ULS-FIRE: 65% SLS:68%
19. Performance requirements and component scrutiny
References
List of requirements Sketch proposal Property analysis
Fleretasjerstrehus
- kap. 5
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Documentation
Fire design table REI 60
classification
Brekke & Strand
- Premis rapport
5. Scrutiny of building components in regards to
requirements
Unit partition wall
20. Architectural detail: A Adjacent building parts
Architectural detail: B Adjacent building parts
5. Scrutiny of junctions between adjacent
components
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21. 5. Scrutiny of junctions between adjacent
components
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Architectural detail: E
Adjacent building parts
Architectural detail: D
Adjacent building parts
22. Calculation CLT unit costs
5. Elemental cost estimation and planning development
5.1 Elemental cost estimation
Digital quanity extracts
Elemental cost plan
- Sigma estiamtes (sig.)
Elemental cost plan
- report
Estimated project budget at design stage: 41,140.297 kr.
Deviation to preliminary estimate: 1,741.529 (4%)
5.2 Planning development
Master time frame - updated
Level based division of
resources
WBS based division of
resources
Construction time plan (.mpp)
A113 specifications
Estimated construction duration at design stage: 230 days
Total project duration: XXXXXXX days
Deviation to preliminary estimate: XXX.XXX days (33%)
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Model: 3L+4L+5
24. Technical Design
Phase specific areas of focus:
1. Reviewing of building part interfaces
2. Preparation of phase drawings and documentation
3. Carbon management
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
25. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1- Reviewing of building part interfaces
Architectural detail: A
Review basis – Design Development
Reviewed – Technical Design
26. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1- Reviewing of building part interfaces
Architectural detail: B
Review basis – Design Development
Reviewed – Technical Design
27. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1- Reviewing of building part interfaces
Architectural detail: C
Review basis – Design Development
Reviewed – Technical Design
28. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1- Reviewing of building part interfaces
Architectural detail: C
Review basis – Design Development
Reviewed – Technical Design
29. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Basement
Ground floor
First – second floor
Third floor
Roof level
5. Preparation of drawings for authoritties
5.1 Detailed plans - Arcictectural 5.1 Elevations
5.1 Sections
Typologies (A-C)
5.3 Fire safety
Fire safety – Ground floor
Fire safety – First – second floor
Fire safety – Third floor
30. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Slabs above basement
Slabs above ground floor Slabs above first/second floor
Roof level
5. Preparation of drawings for authoritties
5.1 Detailed plans - Structural 5.2 Ventilation systems
Connection detail A Connection detail B
Type A Type B
Type C Building plan
Dimensioning of ducts
31. 5. Preparation of documentation
Application for
building permit
Calculated Energy
Frame - Incl. U-values
Defined line-losses
- DS 418
Calculation of shadows
5.1 Energy frame
5.2 Administration
5.3 Structural and fire documentation
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
CLT floor slabs CLT party walls CLT exterior walls
Project specification Fire documentation
(partial)
Plot utilisation
32. 5. Project cost and time management
5.1 Elemental cost and project budget update
Elemental cost plan
- Sigma estiamtes (sig.)
Elemental cost plan
- report
Estimated project budget at design stage: XXX.XXX
Deviation to preliminary estimate (CD): XXX.XXX (33%)
Deviation to elemental cost (DD): XXX.XXX (33%)
5.2 Planning development
Master time frame - updated Construction time plan (.mpp)
Estimated construction duration at design stage: 230 days
Total project duration: XXXXXXX days
Deviation to preliminary estimate: XXX.XXX days (33%)
Deviation to prior phase (DD): XXXXXX days (33%)
33. Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Introduction Conceptual update Design Development Technical Design
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 201 2 3
39.55 156.94 49.11 181.52
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sections EC - (t/C02)
Total EC for primary structure - wood as a non CO2 neutral material
EC - 427 t/CO2
Stairwells Basement Roof Main structure
39.55 156.94 0.004.48
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sections EC - (t/C02)
Total EC for primary structure - wood as CO2 neutral material
EC - 196,4 t/CO2
Stairwells Basement Roof Main structure
39.55 156.94 0.00 247.55
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sections EC - (t/C02)
Total EC for primary structure - CLT replaced with pre-fab concrete
EC - 444 t/CO2
Stairwells Basement Roof Main structure
5. Carbon management – Primary super structure
Data set – Wood as non C02 neutral
Data set – Wood as C02 neutral
Data set – CLT replaced with concrete