This document discusses the three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas. It provides details on their properties like shape, volume, and compressibility. The document then explains concepts like pressure, liquefaction temperature, and critical temperature. It introduces Boyle's law which states that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. Charles' law is also presented, which says that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. The document concludes by thanking the reader.
This is the basic knowledge of about the Melting and Boiling point.
Temperature measurements on Salt Constituents On the different elements, compounds and mixtures.
This is the basic knowledge of about the Melting and Boiling point.
Temperature measurements on Salt Constituents On the different elements, compounds and mixtures.
A presentation that provides basic knowledge of the Kinetic Model of Matter. It sheds light on introductory concepts about the arrangement and motion of particles in each of the 3 states of matter. The presentation clearly and graphically explains the processes of changes in states of matter in a straightforward tone using simple language. A brief overview of the major gas laws is also given. Suggested for the IGCSE and O Level Physics and Chemistry lessons.
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
4. solids liquid gas
•Definite shape and
volume
Have definite
volume but no
definite shape
No definite shape
and volume
•Molecules are
closely packed
Molecules are less
closely packed
Far apart
•Force of attraction
is strong
Less stronger than
that in solid state
Very less
•It is difficult to
compress
Compressed more
easily than solids
Easy to compress
5. Pressure
• Force exerted on unit area of a plane
• Number of gas molecules increases ,
the number of collisions also increases and
pressure increases.
• pressure increases volume decreases
6. LIQUIFACTION TEMPERATURE
• The temperature at which the
gaseous molecules come closer and
changes to liquid state is called
liquefaction temperature
7. Critical temperature
• The temperature above which the gas cannot
be liquefied is called critical temperature
GAS CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
•HELIUM
•NITROGEN
•CARBON -DIOXIDE
5.2
126.4
304.2
8. Robert Boyle (1627-1691)
Birth: 1660, Ireland
Published book on Gases: 1680.
Boyles law
• The volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional
to its pressure at constant temperature.
V α 1/P
V =K×1/P
PV=constant
9. Jacques Alexandria Cesar Charles(1746-1823)
Charles law
At constant pressure the volume
of a fixed mass of a gas is directly
proportional to its temperature in
Kelvin scale
VαT
V=K×T
V/T=constant
