2. • Anemia
Decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells.
Most common hematologic disorder by far.
Anemia Causes:
Blood loss
Decreased production of red blood cells (Marrow failure)
Increased destruction of red blood cells
Hemolysis
Distinguished by reticulocyte count
• Increased in destruction of red blood cells
3. • Anemia causes
Decreased Production
Cytoplasmic production of protein
Usually normocytic (MCV 80-100 fl) or microcytic (MCV < 80 fl)
Nuclear division/maturation
Usually macrocytic (MCV > 100 fl)
4. • ANEMIA Causes
Cytoplasmic Protein Production
1. Decreased hemoglobin synthesis
• Disorders of globin synthesis • Disorders of hem
synthesis
2. Hem synthesis
• Decreased Iron • Iron not in utilizable form
• Decreased hem synthesis
5. • Iron deficiency Anemia
Functions as electron transporter; vital for life
• Must be in ferrous (Fe+2) state for activity
• In anaerobic conditions, easy to maintain ferrous state
• Iron readily donates electrons to oxygen, superoxide radicals, H2O2,
OH radicals
• Ferric (Fe+3) ions cannot transport electrons or O2
• Organisms able to limit exposure to iron had major survival
advantage
