This document provides an overview of Buddhism, including its two main types (Theravada and Mahayana), population of approximately 1.8 billion or 29% of the world's population, and origins with Siddhartha Gautama founding the religion in India 2500 years ago after encountering suffering. It also outlines the Four Noble Truths about the nature of suffering and how to end it, and discusses Buddha's teachings about an inner peaceful life following the Middle Way.