The document outlines the objectives and topics covered in a premarriage counseling session conducted by Dr. Renu Chawla and Dr. Sharda Jain. The session aims to provide education on healthy relationships, sexual health, reproductive health, genetic testing, family planning, pregnancy and more. Specific topics discussed include communication, consent, contraception, STIs, abortion, nutrition, lifestyle factors, legal rights, medical history screening and dispelling common myths. The overall goal is to prepare couples for a happy and fulfilling marriage through open discussion of these important issues.
How to Have Difficult Conversations: Notes Nov 2015Dana Asbury
Slide notes from HFTN webinar "How to Have Difficult Conversations," complete with some additional context, talking points, and links to other resources.
Generally parents have the autonomy to make health care decisions for their child . In certain situations older children have autonomy to give assent to care& in special situations adolescents are granted a autonomy to consent without parents knowledge.
How to Have Difficult Conversations: Notes Nov 2015Dana Asbury
Slide notes from HFTN webinar "How to Have Difficult Conversations," complete with some additional context, talking points, and links to other resources.
Generally parents have the autonomy to make health care decisions for their child . In certain situations older children have autonomy to give assent to care& in special situations adolescents are granted a autonomy to consent without parents knowledge.
Self advocacy is about taking a proactive approach to all stages of health and illness: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. When people take an active role in their care, research shows they fare better both in satisfaction and in how well treatments work. In this talk you will learn how to develop the skills to be a good self-advocate, communicate effectively with your doctors, evaluate the latest health news headlines and find the best health information online.
The history of Eastern painting is as old as the civilization of China. It is historically comparable to Western painting. Eastern countries continued to influence each other’s production of arts over the centuries.
The Newer Concepts In Endometriosis Management : Dr Sharda JainLifecare Centre
The Newer Concepts In
Endometriosis Management
ENDOMETRIOSIS IS ENIGMA
DIAGNOSTIC DELEMMA
DEBILITATING DISEASE QOL
PROGRESSIVE DISEASE
RECURRENCE IS BIG PROBLEM
NO FINAL VERDICT ON CAUSE
NO PERMANENT CURE
The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates 10% in the general female population in India but up to 50% in infertile women
The Newer Concepts for Reduced Surgery to preserve fertility in Endometrios...Lifecare Centre
The Newer Concepts for Reduced Surgery to preserve fertility in Endometriosis
ENDOMETRIOSIS IS ENIGMA
DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA
DEBILITATING DISEASE QOL
PROGRESSIVE DISEASE
RECURRENCE IS BIG PROBLEM
NO FINAL VERDICT ON CAUSE
NO PERMANENT CURE
The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates 10% in the general female population in India but up to 50% in infertile women
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Self advocacy is about taking a proactive approach to all stages of health and illness: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. When people take an active role in their care, research shows they fare better both in satisfaction and in how well treatments work. In this talk you will learn how to develop the skills to be a good self-advocate, communicate effectively with your doctors, evaluate the latest health news headlines and find the best health information online.
The history of Eastern painting is as old as the civilization of China. It is historically comparable to Western painting. Eastern countries continued to influence each other’s production of arts over the centuries.
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NO PERMANENT CURE
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Anemia Free India Gynaecologist to focuss on *12gm Haemoglobin at Delivery I...Lifecare Centre
Important Highlights
Prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation in all six target age groups.
Intensified year-round Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) Campaign for:(a) improving compliance to IFA and deworming, (b) enhancing appropriate infant and young child feeding practices, (c) encouraging increase in intake of iron-rich food through diet and/or fortified foods (d) ensuring delayed cord clamping .
Testing and treatment of anaemia, using digital methods and point of care treatment, with special focus on pregnant women and school-going adolescents.
Addressing non-nutritional causes of anaemia
in endemic pockets with special focus on malaria, hemoglobinopathies and fluorosis
Strategies for Improving Success Rates in ART PARTLifecare Centre
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Endometrial Receptivity Array
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How to improve success rates in ART?
The big debate कार्य में आनंद
Evolution of In-vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Factors Influencing IVF Success Ist Part
Strategies for Improving Success Rates in ART Second Part
Innovations & Breakthroughs in IVF Part Three
OPEN DEBATE
SOCIALEGG FREEZING : Dr Poorva Bhargav and Dr Sharda JainLifecare Centre
SOCIALEGG FREEZING : Dr Poorva Bhargav and Dr Sharda Jain
Introduction
Social egg freezing (oocyte cryopreservation for non-medical reasons) has evolved as a proactive option for women looking to extend their reproductive possibilities past their peak childbearing years
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
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This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
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Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. Objectives
• Introduction
• Healthy relationships and communication
• Understanding sexual health and contraception
• Reproductive health and fertility
• Genetic testing for family planning
• Preparing for pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care
• Conclusion: Benefits of premarriage counseling for a happy and healthy
marriage
3. Premarriage counselling
• In india we have an age old system related to marriages.
• The girl and the boy meet each other, then their families meet and after a total
of three meetings they decide to get married.
• Even before the girl and boy meet their kundalis meet each other. Once the
kundalis match, they are considered suitable for marriage.
• They are expected to spend the night together immediately after marriage.
4. Premarriage counselling
• In our country talking about sex is a taboo.
• The would be bride has to rely completely on what her mother tells her or
what her married friends tell her or if she is tech savvy, then what porn or
books tell her.
• All this gives too much of false information.
• There is anxiety, inadequate knowledge and a sense of falling blindly into
something.
• This is where premarriage counselling plays a major part.
• A premarriage counsellar is a qualified gynaecologist who can explain about
sexual intercourse, her body, the changes that can occur, the pain that she may
feel and also the contraception options available for her.
5. BUSTING MYTHS
• Young couples normally have doubts and fears in their mind about the
honeymoon night.
• The fears range from pain during intercourse, bleeding during intercourse to
establish whether the bride to be is a virgin, planning pregnancy etc.
• If the girl is virgin, the initial tearing of the hymen during penetration may cause
pain.However this is bearable pain.
• To enhance the experience, couple can use a lubricating jelly, indulge in adequate
foreplay and be mentally relaxed.
• Some brides have misconception that the initial intercourse causes unbearable
pain as a result they push away their partner and the couple comes with the
problem of unconsummated marriage after few months.
• Yet another myth about virgin brides bleeding at the time of the first intercourse.
6. Healthy Relationships and Communication
• Building Trust
• Create a safe space for open communication and cultivate trust to strengthen
your relationship.
7. Reproductive health education
• Emphasis should be given on the importance of understanding ones
reproductive organs and health.
• Discuss the normal menstrual cycle,ovulation, and the basics of fertility to
help the couple make decisions about family planning.
• Since there are lots of rituals before marriage, the girl might want to prepone
or postpone her periods and the gynaecologist can help for the same
• Discuss common menstrual disorders like PCOS and its management.
• If she is already a diagnosed case of PCOS then see her past prescriptions to
know the details of treatment.
8. Sexual health awareness
• Lifestyle has changed tremendously in past few years. People are more
experimental, open minded and basically a lot more free about things.
• There is increased incidence of premarital sex, alcohol,smoking,and drugs.
• Openly discuss sexual health including safe sexual practices,contraception
and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections.
• Since there is so much taboo related to sex people are not
• Really forthcoming about their past relationships and activities.So basically
when marriage is decided between two people they do not know anything
about each others past.
• If the couple plans to have children then guidance on preconception care
should be given.
• Discuss the importance of balanced diet& folic acid supplementation.
9. Emphasize consent
• Stress the importance of consent in intimate relationship.
• Explain that both partners must willingly agree to engage in sexual activity
and consent should be ongoing and enthusiastic.
• No marriage before 18 should be specified
• Various issues including gender equality,liberalisation and opening up of
society ,women adopting equal responsibility as bread winner, nuclear
families, demanding lifestyle,extremely cut throat competitive world and
stresses and strains of day to day life are discussed during the session..
10. Mental health
• Address mental health issuses, such as
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Stress
• which can impact sexual and reproductive health.
• Encourage open communication and seek professional help if needed.
11. Nutrition and lifestyle
• Advice both partners to maintain healthy
lifestyle
• Proper nutrition
• Regular exercise
• Stress management
• Can positively impact reproductive health and overal well being.
12. Genetic Testing for Family Planning
Understanding Genetic Risks
• Discover the role of genetic testing in determining potential health risks for
your future family.
Preventing Inherited Conditions
• Explore how genetic testing can empower informed choices to prevent
inherited conditions.
Family Planning Strategies
• Discuss family planning options and considerations based on genetic testing
results.
14. Lab tests and medical checkups
• Viral markers ,
• Tests to exclude thalassemia,
• Blood sugars
• Thyroid profile
• Complete blood examination should be done.
• Other tests to be done depending on past and family history.
• Pap smear if indicated
• Various vaccinations like MMR, chicken pox, hepatitisB,HPV should be advised if
not immunized
• Encourage regular medical checkups for both partners to detect and address any
underlying health issues that could affect their reproductive life.
• .
15. Safe Abortion Information And Cultural
Sensitivity
• Recognize and respect cultural and religious beliefs that may influence the
couples decisions regarding sexual and reproductive health.
• Offer guidance that aligns with their values and preferences.
• Provide information about safe and legal abortion options in India to avoid
complications.
• Discuss the importance of seeking medical advice from Gynaecologists rather
then resorting to unsafe practices.
•
16. MEDICAL OR SURGICAL
TREATMENT IF ANY
• They hide Thyroid, Epilepsy, PCOD,Surgery of any kind especially
• For ovarian cysts or T.B or premarital pregnancy complications.s
17. COMMUNICATE WITH PARTNER
• Stress the importance of open and honest communication between
• Partners about their sexual desires, boundaries and expectations.
• Seek professional help if required.
• Inform the couple about the legal aspects of marriage and reproductive rights
including issues related to age of consent, marital rape laws and property
rights.
• Failure to have intercourse leads to marriage being null and void.
18. • Its essential to create a safe and nonjudgemental environment during
• Premarriage counselling to facilitate open and honest discussions on these
topics, ensuring that both partners are well prepared for a healthy and
fulfilling marriage.
19. Conclusions
• Strong Foundation: Establish a solid base for a lifelong partnership.
• Healthy Communication: Enhance understanding and connection within your
relationship.
• Family Planning: Make informed decisions about starting a family.
• Preventive Measures: Identify potential health risks and take appropriate actions.
• Preparation: Equip yourselves with knowledge and resources for a smooth journey
into parenthood.
