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Pregnancy diagnosis in mare.pptx
- 1. Pregnancy Check in Mare PresentedBy Shahzad Hur DVM, UVAS 8-Apr-22 1
- 2. Positive signs ofPregnancy in Mare • Amniotic Vesicles • Fetus Itself 8-Apr-22 2
- 3. Alterations of Uterusin Pregnancy • Increase of Size of Uterus • Fluctuation • Fetal Membrane • Hypertrophy of Arteries • Position of Uterus • Position of ovaries 8-Apr-22 3
- 4. Estimation of Stageof Pregnancy Four Week (28-30 day ) Pregnancy Spherical Enlargement…2-3 cm diameter Lower one third of Horn Ventrally Tone of Uterus Bred on Foal Heat Five-week (35 days) Pregnancy Size 3-4 cm…Golf Ball Spherical located in horn Thin wall over bulge Feel Fluctuation 8-Apr-22 4
- 5. Estimation of Stageof Pregnancy Six-Week (42–45 days) Pregnancy Slightly oval Shape Tennis Ball Size 5-7 cm * 5 cm Junction of horn and uterine body Seven-Week (48-50 days) Pregnancy Distinctly Oval shape 7-8cm *6-7cm Body of Uterus Involved Fluctuations of fetal Fluid 8-Apr-22 5
- 6. Estimation of Stageof Pregnancy Two-Month (60-65 days) Pregnancy Football Size ½ part of fetus in uterus 12-15 cm * 8-10 cm Three-Month (90-100 days) Pregnancy Entire Body of uterus Descend over pelvic 20-25 cm* 12-16 cm Bulge not Grasped 8-Apr-22 6
- 7. Estimation of Stageof Pregnancy 3-5 Months Pregnancy Descending Uterus Ovaries ventrally and more anteriorly Not completely descended Fetus is palpable 5-7 Months Pregnancy Descent of Uterus complete Tension of Broad Ligament Fremitus 8-Apr-22 7
- 8. Estimation of Stageof Pregnancy 7 Months To Parturition Ascent of Gravid Uterus Extremities of fetus 8-Apr-22 8
- 9. Methods of PregnancyDiagnosis 1. Management Method 2. Clinical Methods 3. Ultrasonographic Method 4. Laboratory Method 8-Apr-22 9
- 10. Managemental Method • Failureto return to estrus…….good sign • False positives If mare has silent heat……………those with foal If mare becomes anestrous…….lactation & environmental factors Prolonged Luteal phase…..embryonic death…referred pseusopregnancy. • False negatives……..show heat although pregnant. 8-Apr-22 10
- 11. Clinical Methods 1) VaginalExamination Speculum…to see vaginal and cervical changes. Vagina dry in luteal phase and anestrus, moist in estrus, sticky mucus in pregnancy. 8-Apr-22 11
- 12. Clinical Methods 2) RectalPalpation At day 21...small swelling…2.4-2.8cm At day 30………….3-4 cm At day 40 …………6-7 cm (tennis ball) By day 60...oval shape…13*9 cm By day 90……………..23*14 cm By day 100…fetus as it float in fetal fluid • Twin conceptuses….up to day 60 • At day 70-100……confuse with filled urinary bladder • Day 90-120……inflated large colon • False positives….by palpation Pyometra, pseudopregnancy 8-Apr-22 12
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- 14. Ultrasonographic Method • B– mode ultrasound • Transrectal or linear probe • Land mark Urinary bladder (Grayish) • By Ultrasound …..day 16 pregnancy • Ideally…..At day 30-35…accurate results • Frequency mostly….5MHz -7.5 MHz 8-Apr-22 14
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- 21. Ultrasonographic Method Sex determination •Genital Tubercle……at or afterward 55 day • Precursor of penis (in male) or Clitoris (in female) • Moves from position b/w hind legs to near tail……….Female • Moves from position to near umbilicus……….Male 8-Apr-22 21
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