Psychosocial intervention is an approach that acknowledges the psychological and social factors that influence an individual's well-being. It includes psychoeducation, cognitive and behavioral strategies, social skills training, sleep hygiene, interpersonal therapy, and group therapy. A case study describes a 12-year-old boy presenting with depression who was assessed and received cognitive behavioral therapy targeting negative thoughts, as well as social skills training and group therapy. Research shows cognitive behavioral therapy can have immediate and long-term positive effects on reducing depressive symptoms.
Brief therapy, sometimes also referred to as short term therapy (usually 10 to 20 sessions) , is a generic label for any form of therapy in which time is an explicit element in treatment planning.
Brief therapy, sometimes also referred to as short term therapy (usually 10 to 20 sessions) , is a generic label for any form of therapy in which time is an explicit element in treatment planning.
Clinical Psychology Case Formulation and Treatment Planning: A PrimerJames Tobin, Ph.D.
The aim of this primer is to support the learning of clinical case conceptualization and treatment planning for graduate students in clinical psychology, other trainees in the mental health professions, and early-career psychologists and mental health workers.
Culture bound syndrome, culture related specific disorders, culture specific disorders/ syndromes, exotic psychiatric syndromes or Rare atypical unclassifiable disorders.
Clinical Psychology Case Formulation and Treatment Planning: A PrimerJames Tobin, Ph.D.
The aim of this primer is to support the learning of clinical case conceptualization and treatment planning for graduate students in clinical psychology, other trainees in the mental health professions, and early-career psychologists and mental health workers.
Culture bound syndrome, culture related specific disorders, culture specific disorders/ syndromes, exotic psychiatric syndromes or Rare atypical unclassifiable disorders.
EMDR Works provides training courses that are highly interactive with emphasis on building strong group Cohesion. We specialise in small, friendly EMDR training Workshops.
New directions in the psychology of chronic pain managementepicyclops
Lecture followed audience discussion on contextual cognitive behaviour therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in the management of chronic pain from the West of Scotland Pain Group on Wednesday 5th December 2007. The speaker is Lance M. McCracken PhD, of the Pain Management Unit at the Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases & University of Bath, Bath UK.
www.wspg.org.uk
Further reading:
DAHL, J., & LUNDGREN, T. (2006). Living beyond your pain using acceptance and commitment therapy to ease chronic pain. Oakland, CA, New Harbinger Publications.
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/63472470
HAYES, S. C., STROSAHL, K., & WILSON, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy an experiential approach to behavior change. New York, Guilford Press.
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41712470
MCCRACKEN, L. M. (2005). Contextual cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain. Progress in pain research and management, v. 33. Seattle, IASP Press.
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57564664
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. Outline Introduction - Psychosocial intervention Depression– common features Case vignette Assessment Intervention
3. What is meant by psychosocial intervention? Most basic level - psychosocial Psycho – psychological aspect of our experience. Refers to our feelings, thoughts, desires, belief, values and how we perceive ourselves and others. Social – refers to the our wider social experience i.e. our relationships, traditions and culture. Both aspects are closely intertwined and influence each other.
4. Psychosocial Intervention Psychosocial intervention is an approach aimed at improving people’s well-being. Acknowledges: Psychological well-being of the individual Knowledge and skills of the individual Social support Culture and values that influence individual’s experience
5. Depression – Common features Depressed or irritable mood most of the day, nearly every day Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all activities Significant weight loss Trouble sleeping Restlessness Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal thoughts or suicide attempts
6. Case vignette Mr. A, 12 year old boy, from low-socioeconomic background, presented to NIMHANS, with the complaints persistent sad mood, death wishes, irritability, diminished daily activities, etc.
7. Assessment Temperament history Family environment Social environment Emotional environment Traumatic events Faulty adaptation
8. Psychosocial intervention Psycho education Cognitive & behavioral strategies Social skill training Sleep hygiene Interpersonal Psycho therapy Group therapy Rehabilitation
9. Psycho education Education about mental illness For their social support network To help them to understand and deal MI To prevent or plan relapse
11. Cognitive Behavioral Strategies Identifying Negative Automatic thoughts The self (I am useless) Current experience (nothing I do turn out right) The future (I will never get better) Testing Negative Automatic thoughts Verbal Challenging Behavioral Experiment Draw Conclusion
12. Evidence based practice in CBT Early studies with sub clinical populations by Show 1977; Taylor and Marchall 1977 and single case series by Rush, Khatami, and Beck in 1975 show the following results of cognitive behavioral therapy for depression Immediate effect of CBT Preliminary evidences show that interventions designed to reduce the frequency or intensity of depressing thoughts can have an immediate beneficial effect on mood. These include distraction and challenging (Teasdale and Reizin 1978; Deviws 1982 Fennel and Teasdale 1984; Blackburn and Bonham 1980)
13. Post treatment effect of CBT Studies assessing post treatment outcome reliably show cognitive behavioral therapy to be as effective in reducing depression (Rush, Beck, Kovacas, and Hallon 1977, Blackburn et al.1981 Hallon, Evans and DeRubbeis 1983) Long term effect CBT may be more effective in preventing relapse than anti-depressant drugs. (Kovacas et al. 1981; Hollon et al; Simons, Murphy, Levine and Wetzel, 1986)
14. Social skills training To help persons in relating to people Especially when they have difficulty in that Verbal skills Nonverbal skills Expression ability Understanding cues and contents
15. Components of Social Skills Nonverbal behaviors: eye contact, facial expression, posture, use of gesture, body orientation, interpersonal distance. Paralinguistic skill: loudness, tone, pitch, affect, rate of speech, clarity of speech, duration of utterance. Verbal content: verbal massage, choice of words, appropriateness of self disclosure. Interactive balance: smoothness of turn-taking, use of social reinforces (e.g. reflective listening skill), balance of time taking.
16. Techniques of Social Skills Instruction Role playing Feedback Reinforcement Back chaining
17. Interpersonal therapy Developed by Gerald Klerman, This therapy is based on two assumptions. current interpersonal problems are likely to have their roots in early dysfunctional relationships current interpersonal problems are likely to be involved in precipitating or perpetuating the current depressive symptoms
18. Evidence Study of interpersonal psychotherapy versus supportive psychotherapy for dysthymic patients Subjects with primary DSM-IV dysthymic disorder were randomly assigned 16 weeks of IPT. Patients in both treatments reported improved depressive symptoms Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
19. Group therapy Group psychotherapy is a treatment in which carefully selected persons who are emotionally ill meet in a group guided by a trained therapist and help one another effect personality change.
20. Evidence More than 300 depressed parents participated in group therapy sessions for eight weekly meetings. Through 90-minute group session Throughout the eight-month study, rates of new depressive episodes were lower among those receiving therapy compared to those in traditional care. – 21.4 percent vs. 32.7 percent, respectively. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 2009;301:2215-2224
21. Good Sleep Hygiene Protect your need for sleep Ensure that 7.5-8 hours set aside for sleep every day Keep regular sleep hours an irregular sleep schedule messes up biological clock and can make getting a full night’s sleep more difficult go to bed at the same time every night and get up at the same time every morning