1. ARTS
Submitted by:
Marijane L. Reyes
Submitted to:
Prof. Andres V. Sibal Jr.

2. Art constitutes one of the oldest and
most important means of expressions
developed by man.
Importance of the Arts
1. part of our daily living
2. have a purpose as well as
expression

3. Classification of Arts
A. Visual arts (Space arts) – are those
whose mediums can be seen and which
occupy space.
Two Classes of Visual Arts
1. The Graphic Arts in which portrayal of forms
and symbols are recorded on two-dimensional
surface such as:

4. Painting is the process of applying pigment to a
surface to secure effects involving forms and
colors. Mediums include oils, watercolor, fresco,
acrylic, oil pastel; Canvas, wood, paper, and
plaster are some of the surfaces on which
paintings are executed.
Drawing is the art of representing something
by lines made on a surface or the process of
portraying an object, scene, or forms of
decorative or symbolic meaning through
lines, shading, and textures in one or more
colors. Mediums used include pencil, pen
and ink, crayon, brush and charcoal.

5. Engraving is done on metal plate with a cutting
tool called barin, which leaves a V-shaped
trough. Drawings or designs on the plate are
entirely composed of lines and/or dots.
Silkscreen. Silk is stretched over a rectangular
frame and unwanted portions in the design
are blocked out. Pigment is forced through
the clear areas. For multicolor prints, a
separate screen is used for each color.

6. Mosaic is an art done by the assemblage of
small pieces usually rough quadratic stone
or glass of different colors. Frequently it is
an interior decoration in houses or
churches. Materials used are mosaic tiles,
colored stone or glass, plain materials into
which the chips are assembled to create an
image, adhesive materials like glue, cement
or rubber cement and grouting powder.
Construction materials include sponge and
gloves.

7. Mural (wall painting) is an art of painting, but
unlike the traditional one where the finished
result of an artist is the framed up picture in a
canvass, the finished product of a muralist is
the art work on the wall of a building.
This art form is considered revolutionary on
matters of theme and as form of painting, it
detaches from the old treatment of art
confined in a small circle of intellectual elite.
Mural is public, it is available in the open so it
belongs to the greatest mass of people.

8. Commercial art includes designing of books,
advertisements, signs, posters and other
displays to promote sale or acceptance of
product, service or idea.
Photography is a chemical-mechanical
process by which images are produced on
sensitized surfaces by action of light.
Reproductions may be in black or white or
in full colors of the original.

9. 2. The Plastic Arts include all fields of
the visual arts in which materials are
organized into three-dimensional forms.
Sculpture refers to the design and
construction of three dimensions forms
representing natural objects or imaginary
shapes.
Common materials are stone, wood, clay,
metal, ivory, jade, wire, string and other
materials are also used. Sculptures of
figures are called statues.

10. 2 Major sculpture processes:
a. Subtractive process is a process of carving
stone and wood. It is a process in which an
unwanted material is cut away.
b. Additive process is putting together smaller
segments of the material.

11. Dress and costume design refers to design of
wearing apparel of all types
(dresses, coats, suits, shoes, ties, accessories
and the like).
Theater design is the design of setting for
dramatic productions.
B. Auditory arts (Time arts) are those
mediums that can be heard and which are
expressed in time.

12. 1. Music is the art of arranging sounds in
rhythmic succession.
Vocal Music is composed primarily to
be sung. The voice or voices are
generally accompanied by one or
more instruments.
Instrumental music is written for
instruments of four general types –
keyboard (piano, organ);

13. stringed (violin, cello, guitar); wind
(flute, clarinet); brass wind
(trumpet, saxophone); percussion
(drums, xylophone.
2. Literature is the art of combining spoken or
written words and their meanings into
forms which have artistic and emotional
appeal.

14. The Important Elements of
Literature
a. Emotional appeal is attained when the
reader is emotionally moved or touched
by any literary work. Ex. Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo
b. Intellectual appeal is attained when
knowledge or information is added and
remind the reader what he has forgotten.

15. c. Humanistic value can be attained when
literary work makes the reader an
improved person with a better outlook in
life and with a clear understanding of his
inner self.
Kinds of Literature
Essay is non-fiction, expository writing
ranging from informal, personal topics to
closely reasoned critic treatments of
important subjects.

16. Poetry is literature of a highly expressive
nature using specific forms and choice of
words and emotional images.
Elements of Poetry
a. Denotation/Connotation
Denotation is the actual meaning of a
word derived from the dictionary.
Connotation is the related or allied
meanings of a word.

17. b. Imagery is a representation of sense
experience through language. Images are
formed as we see, hear, taste, smell, and
touch
c. Figurative language doesn’t implied a literal
meaning, the most common used are the
simile and the metaphor as means in
comparing things.
d. Rhythm and meter. Rhythm is related to
beats of the hearts it is a part of our lives
as we walk, talk, and other similar
activities.

18. Meter, in language, is the accents that are
so arranged as to occur at apparently
equal intervals of time. Metrical
language is call verse.
e.Meaning and idea. The meaning of a poem is
the experience it expresses
Prose fiction includes narrative stories
created by the authors as distinguished
from true accounts. the word fiction
comes from a Latin word which means to
“form”, “to invent”.

19. Classes of Prose fiction
a. Short story describes characters and
events which the author has invented.
Elements of a short story
1. Setting refers to the place and the time the
story happened.
2. Character is the person or animal stating
lines in the story.
3. Plot is the sequence of events
4. Theme is the central insight in a literary
work.

20. 5. Language and style. Language refers to
the idioms used and how it is used. Style is a
term which may refer to the precise use of
language both literary and figuratively; it
may refer to the total working out of the
short story, taking all the other elements
into consideration.
b. Novel is particularly applicable to a long
work of prose fiction dealing with
characters, situations and scenes that
represents those of real life and setting and
action in the form of a plot.

21. Elements of a Novel
1. Setting of a novel covers the time, place
and the background including the
geography, climate, beliefs, habits and
values of particular region and historical
period.
2. Plot is the skeleton or framework which
gives shape and proportion to the novel.
Conflict is an important element of the plot.
It may be caused by the physical or social
environment.
3. Theme of a novel is the universal truth
found in the novel, the main idea or
topic.

22. 4. Characters do not only act but also
manifested the moral, emotional, and
intellectual qualities endowed to them by
the author.
C. Performing Arts (combined arts) are
those whose mediums can be both seen
and heard and these exist in both space
and time.

23. Types of Performing arts
1. Drama or Theater is written primarily to be
performed on stage not to read. It
normally presents its action through
actors; on stage; and before and
audience.
Elements of a Drama
a. Plot. It is concerned with what
happened in the story.

24. At the beginning of the play, the author
briefly and quickly introduces the
characters and provides information
about the earlier events and the present
situation. This introduction is called the
exposition. Although the exposition is
brief, the information presented is very
important for it helps to explain what
happens later or why a character acts the
way he does.

25. b. Character must be shaped to fit the needs
of the plot, and all parts of the
characterization must fit together.
c. Thought includes the ideas and emotions
implied by the overall meaning of the play.
d. Language (dialogue) is a means of
expressing the character and the thoughts
dramatically. Dialogue is the conversation
between two or more characters in a play.
e. Theme is what a story means.

26. f. Climax/Denouement. The climax is the
scene or incident that is the fruition of
the accumulated suspense, and the stirs
the most intense feelings or emotions. It
can also be described as the turning point
of a story. Denouement is the working
out of the plot, following the climax. In
this final part of the play, usually brief
but sometimes a full act, the playwright
brings the conflict to an end and explains
how and why everything turned out the
way it did.

27. g. Music and Spectacle. Aside from
background music, there is of music of
speech and movement. Spectacle
intensifies emotions in the theater, the
elements of spectacles heightens the
atmosphere, whether of vitality or terror
or sorrow.
h. Costumes and Make-up. Every costume
should be comfortable and securely put
together so the performer doesn’t have to
worry about it once it is on.

28. Make-up crew should be allowed plenty of
time to do their work after each actor is
dressed.
i. Scenery and Lighting include furniture-painted
backdrops, or large props, should
be real. Proper lighting can add a great
deal to the realism of the play. Consider
brightness, color and direction in lighting
the play.

29. 2. Dance involves the movement of the body
and the feet in rhythm.
Kinds of Dancing
Ethnologic dance is that dance which is
native to a specific race or ethnic group. It
includes folk dancing which is a form of social
dancing that has become part of the customs
and traditions of people. Examples: Tinikling,
Singkil, Banga, Pandango sa Sambalilo.

30. Social or Ballroom dances are a popular type
of dancing generally performed by pairs. They
include such forms as waltz, swing, cha-cha,
boogie, tango. Aside from being regarded as a
source of public entertainment it is also an
effective exercise.
Ballet is a formalized dance which has its
origin in the royal courts of Middle Ages. The
term ballet refers to a series of solo and
concerted dances in which poses and steps are
combined with light flowing figures,
accompanied by music and scenic accessories
expressive of a dramatic story.

31. Modern dance is a dance form characterized
as natural and free. It does not stick to
conventions, and has varied styles of
movements usually based on the current
trends.
Elements of the dance
a. Theme tells what a dance is trying to tell
or convey.
b. Design refers to the planned organization
or pattern of movement in time and space.

32. c. Movement is the action of dancers as they
use their body to create organized patterns.
Body movement can be divided into steps,
gestures of arms and hands, and facial
expressions.
d. Technique is a skill in executing
movement. A technically proficient dancer
has complete control over the muscle of his
body.
e. Music motivates the movement of the
dancers, most of the time it serves as the
background music.

33. f. Costume and properties. The visual
elements of costumes and properties
contribute to dance. The type of dance
performed and the costumes worn at any
stage of history relate closely to the customs,
beliefs, and environment of the people.
g. Choreography. A sophisticated dance
requires a dancer who will display the
movement, convey the message, and tell the
story. This is in connection with the steps
and movement on how a dance must be
performed, choreographed or instructed by
the dancers.

34. h. Scenery. The setting or background
establishing the place of action of any dance is
important to make the dance more realistic and
beautiful.
References : Introduction to Humanities –
Custodiosa A. Sanchez; Paz F. Abad
The Humanities -
Francisco M. Zulueta
Introduction to Humanities -
Claudio V. Tabotabo; Ronald M. Corpuz;
and the Basic of Art Appreciation