CLASS -X POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER-1

4. *

5. (ETHNIC
COMPOSITION)

6. 20%
80 %

9. 321
Ethnic
Composition of
Sri Lanka
Tamil speakers
18 percent
Sri Lankan Tamils
13 %
Indian Origin tamils
5%
Sinhala
Speakers
74 percent
Buddhists

11. Reasons
.Dominance of Sinhalese community due to
majority
•1956 Act made Sinhala as the only official
language
•Preferential policies favouring Sinhalese in
university position and jobs
•State to protect and foster Buddhism

14. The distrust between the two communities
turned into widespread conflict. It soon turned
into a CIVIL WAR. As a result thousands of
people of both the communities have been
killed. Many families were forced to leave the
country as refugees and many more lost their
livelihoods.

15. The Belgian leaders took a different path.
Between 1970 and 1993 , the Belgian constitution
got amended FOUR times, so as to accommodate
everyone in the same country.
It is also called as a Belgian model
Constitution of Belgium states that the number of Dutch
and French speaking ministers shall be equal in central
government.
Many powers of central government have been given to
the state government .
Brussels have a separate government in which each
party have the equal representation.
There is a third kind of government called community
government which is elected by the people belonging to
one language community.

19. *
Legislature
(make laws)
Executive
(implement laws)
Judiciary
(resolves disputes)

20. *
Central
government
State
government
Local self
government

21. *Power sharing among differentsocial
groups

22. * Power sharing among
political parties, pressure
groups and movements
In case no party
gets majority
then two or more
parties form an
alliance to come
to power and
form coalition
government.
In democracy
different
parties
compete to
come to
power.