This document is a comprehensive tutorial on using Power BI for business intelligence, covering installation, data transformation, analysis techniques, and visual creation. It includes detailed instructions on frequently used features, data management, and advanced editor functions. The tutorial emphasizes the importance of BI tools in various industries and provides links for further resources and materials.

1. “When a man dies, his acts come to an end, but three, recurring charity, or knowledge (by which people) benefit, or a pious son, who prays for him (for the deceased).”
-Sahih Muslim 1631-
Power BI Basic
Tutorial
By Pusat Loker RNO Only
a.k.a. Indo-RNO

2. Open Donation Financial Report
Type Remark Amount
Income Open Donation Revenue IDR 4,482,223
Outcome Zoom Enterprise IDR 159,900
Outcome Donation to kitabisa.com IDR 4,350,000
Balance Remaining -IDR 27,677
Account
Statement /
Mutasi
Masuk
Account
Statement /
Mutasi
Keluar

3. Table of Content
1. Background
a. Why Learn BI Data Analytics
b. BI Tools
c. Why Power BI
2. Installation
3. Basic Principle
4. Frequently Used Symbol Menu
5. Get Data
6. Power Query / Transform Data
a. Column Quality and Distribution
b. Fill
c. Remove Rows
d. Use First Row as Headers
e. Change Data Source
f. Split Column / Text to Column
g. Merge Columns
h. Search Column
i. Replace Values
j. Change Data Type
k. Extract
l. Join/Merge Table or VLOOKUP
to another table
m.Append Table
n. Conditional Column – IF THEN
ELSE
o. Calculated Column – Custom
Column
p. Extract Date and Time
q. Format Column Text
r. Group By – Pivot Table
s. Pivot Column – Unpivot Column
t. Time Efficiency – Duplicate,
Reference, and Disable Load
u. Error Handling
v. Advanced Editor - Copy Applied
Steps
7. Canvas Setting
8. Table View
9. Model View
10.Data Analysis Expressions (DAX)
a. Statistical Functions
b. CALCULATE and FILTER
c. Benchmark
d. Calendar, Cumulative, Progress
Tracker
11.Visuals
a. Frequently Used Visuals
b. Conditional Formatting
c. Sorting Column for Canvas
d. Formatting Visual and Slicer
e. Filter
f. Constant Line
g. Edit Interactions
12.Mapping
a. Basic
b. Heatmap
c. Filled
d. Border Custom
13.Pro and Premium Features
a. Publish to Web
b. Additional Visual

4. Aldindha Octa Airlangga
aldindha.work@gmail.com
https://www.linkedin.com/in/aldindha/
Contributors

5. Why Learn BI Data Analytics?
Business intelligence (BI) software is a type of application software designed to retrieve,
analyze, transform and report data for business intelligence. The applications generally read
data that has been previously stored, often - though not necessarily - in a data warehouse or
data mart.
RAN Optim Stuck
In the last 3 years RAN/RF
Optimization field doesn’t
have new breakthrough in
knowledge
Data Hype
Data Engineering, Analyst,
Science have popularity
increase in recent years
Telco Sunset
Vacancy in Telco Industry
keep less every year
New Opportunity
BI Analytic skill can be
used in various industry
01
03
02
04

6. BI Tools
Free - $75/month
Tableau
Free - $10/month
Power BI
Open Source
ChartBrew
Free
Google Looker Studio
Open Source
Apache Superset
Open Source
Redash

7. Why Power BI?
Affordable Price for
Premium User
Rich Features
on Free Version
Unlimited
Data Handling
Complete Package
ETL Tool
Power BI is a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that work together to turn
your unrelated sources of data into coherent, visually immersive, and interactive insights.
Similar like
Microsoft Excel
Pivot Table

8. I’m not an Expert….
I’m not a Professional Trainer
I’m don’t have any Certificates
I’m just a normal RNO Engineer
like you guys

9. Installation
1. Download and Install Power BI and Plugins:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=58494
https://daxstudio.org/downloads/
https://www.datavizioner.com/power-bi-exporter
2. Download Link for Materials:
https://1drv.ms/f/s!Ari-fJDiX6PzkPtfsLbOir4zgPcxTw?e=x3fBq1
3. Download Link for Tutorial Update:
https://1drv.ms/f/s!Ari-fJDiX6PzkPtgMn7FAJeS3mBscg?e=V14kN3

10. Basic Principle
Data
Transform Data
M
Canvas
Our
Focus!

11. Frequently Used Symbol Menu
Canvas
Import Data
Chart Canvas Setting
Table List
Table View
Report View
Relational View
Power Query

12. Frequently Used Symbol Menu

13. Frequently Used Symbol Menu

15. Get Data
1. CSV or Excel
✓ Offline files on Hard Drive
✓ Better use CSV file for big file size
2. Folder
✓ Multiple files in a folder
✓ Column name and structure need to be same
✓ Select Combine and Transform after put folder path
3. SQL Server or MySQL
✓ SQL Server is a Microsoft product (SSMS), it is not MySQL
✓ MySQL needs connector to install: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/net/
✓ Put SQL query script to simplify the table
4. Google Sheets and Web
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1boM8UZsiZpCumJcyG08-wr6A5tsrDazJzjZy5iO_U_E/edit?usp=sharing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khabib_Nurmagomedov
5. Enter Data
Create table from manual keyboard input

16. Column Quality and Distribution
- Go to View → Data Preview → Checklist Column quality and Column distribution

17. Fill
- Fill the null blank by copying value down or up row
- Go to Transform → Any Column → Fill

18. Remove Rows
- Go to Home → Reduce Rows → Remove Rows
- Remove Rows with 6 options
- Use Filter to remove rows with particular value

19. Use First Row as Headers
- Go to Home → Transform → Use First Row as Headers

20. Change Data Source
There are 2 way:
1. Go to Home → Data Source → Data Source Setting → Select table source → Change Source
2. Go to your Table → Click gear icon on Applied Steps  The best option especially for SQL source

21. Split Column / Text to Column
- Go to Transform → Text Column → Split Column
- Use Delimiter if split by character such as comma, equal sign, etc
- Fill Number of columns to split into to limit number of columns after split
- To split only by first delimiter, select Left-most delimiter
- To split multiple delimiter, edit on formula above
SplitTextByAnyDelimiter({"=",","}, QuoteStyle.Csv)

22. Merge Columns
- Block Columns to be merged
- Go to Transform → Text Column → Merge Columns
- Select separator. Use Custom to customize separator

23. Search Column
- Go to Home → Manage Column → Choose Columns → Go to Column
- Select column to go

24. Replace Values
- Block the column which have values to be replaced
- Go to Transform → Any Column → Replace Values
- To replace value to null put null

25. Change Data Type
- Block the column which have values to be replaced
- Go to Transform → Any Column → Data Type
- Make sure to change data type to Number for calculation purpose
- Decimal Number : 1.04234
- Fix Decimal Number : 1.04
- Whole Number : 1

26. Extract
- Block the column which have values to be replaced
- If you want to change the existing column, go to Transform → Text Column → Extract
- If you want to add into a new column, go to Add Column → From Text → Extract
Text Range is similar like MID function on MS Excel. Index started from 0.

27. Join/Merge Table or VLOOKUP to another table
- Go to Home → Combine → Merge Queries
- On source table, block column as join value, then on target table, block column as join value
- Make sure to use Left Outer on Join Kind
- On the far-right column click the expand icon and select columns to be added
- Make sure the target column value have no duplicate rows

28. ID Name Name Instrument
1 hyde hyde vocal
2 tetsu hyde guitar
3 ken hyde saxophone
4 yuki tetsu bass
sakura ken guitar
ken keyboard
yuki drum
yuki synth
gackt
Join Table Concept
personnel_id personnel_name role_name role_instrument
1 hyde hyde vocal
1 hyde hyde guitar
1 hyde hyde saxophone
2 tetsu tetsu bass
3 ken ken guitar
3 ken ken keyboard
4 yuki yuki drum
4 yuki yuki synth
NULL sakura NULL NULL
personnel_id personnel_name role_name role_instrument
1 hyde hyde vocal
1 hyde hyde guitar
1 hyde hyde saxophone
2 tetsu tetsu bass
3 ken ken guitar
3 ken ken keyboard
4 yuki yuki drum
4 yuki yuki synth
NULL NULL gackt NULL
personnel_id personnel_name role_name role_instrument
1 hyde hyde vocal
1 hyde hyde guitar
1 hyde hyde saxophone
2 tetsu tetsu bass
3 ken ken guitar
3 ken ken keyboard
4 yuki yuki drum
4 yuki yuki synth
personnel_id personnel_name role_name role_instrument
1 hyde hyde vocal
1 hyde hyde guitar
1 hyde hyde saxophone
2 tetsu tetsu bass
3 ken ken guitar
3 ken ken keyboard
4 yuki yuki drum
4 yuki yuki synth
NULL sakura NULL NULL
NULL NULL gackt NULL
LEFT JOIN RIGHT JOIN
INNER FULL JOIN
Source Table Target Table

29. Append Table
- Go to Home → Combine → Append Queries
- Select new table to be appended
- Make sure the column structure is same on both table
Merge/Join Append

30. Conditional Column – IF THEN ELSE
- Go to Add Column → General → Conditional Column

31. Calculated Column – Custom Column
- Go to Add Column → General → Custom Column
- Put formula to be added as new column
- M syntax are used in this part

32. Extract Date and Time
- Select column with Date or Time data type
- Go to Add Column → From Date & Time
- Select Week of Year to extract week
- Modify this script to start week on Friday → Table.AddColumn(#"Added Custom", "Week of Year", each
Date.WeekOfYear([Date], Day.Friday), Int64.Type)

33. Format Column Text
- Go to Transform → Text Column → Format
Capitalize Each Words Lowercase

34. Group By – Pivot Table
- Go to Transform → Group By
- Select column to be group by and aggregation

35. Pivot Column – Unpivot Column
- Pivot Column → Change Row to Column
- Unpivot Column → Change Column to Row
Unpivot Column
Pivot Column

36. Pivot Column
- Select Column to be pivoted
- Select column value to be value inside pivoted clumn

37. Unpivot Column
- Select Column to be un-pivoted
- Select column value to be value inside pivoted clumn

38. Time Efficiency – Duplicate, Reference, and Disable Load
- Right Click on the table
- To copy a table there are 2 way: Duplicate and Reference
- Use Duplicate if the table needs some modification on its existing applied steps
- Use Reference if the table is using same existing applied steps or just need to
modify the table as the next steps
- During Refresh, a duplicate table will take time to reload the steps as existing
table, while Reference only copy the last step. Using reference will reduce the
amount of time during Refresh.
- Table which do not need visualization on canvas should not be loaded by uncheck
list the Enable Load

39. Error Handling
Delete it
Make it Null
Fix it The best way possible
If the data is not too important
High risk
The Query Errors group can be deleted after errors have been fixed
* Put Error Handling on the last step to avoid any further error

40. Advanced Editor - Copy Applied Steps
- Go to View → Advanced → Advanced Editor
- To duplicate Applied Steps, you can copy the script from Advanced Editor
- Modify step into specific steps can also be done here

41. Canvas Layout, Background, View, Elements
- Click on Canvas →Visualizations → Format your report page
- Canvas Setting: Background select layout type to customize height and width
- Canvas : It is recommended to use any color for background and set the transparency to 80%
- Go to View → Themes → Select any favorite theme
- Go to View → Scale to fit → Recommended to use Fit to page, but to avoid horizontal scroll due to huge width use Fit to width instead
- Go to Insert → Elements → Use Text Box to write some text, Buttons to add button with some action, Shapes, and Image

42. Table View
- Name: Column Name
- Data Type: Data type of column. Ex: Date, whole number, decimal number, text, etc
- Format: Format display of value
- Summarization: Summarize type of column value when put on Canvas. If no summarization needed, select Don’t summarize
- Sort by Column: Sort a column based on other column value
- New Column: Add a new column based on DAX syntax similar to Excel

43. Model View – Relational Table
- Drag a column of source table to a column of target table to join/merge table
- Ensure there is no duplicate value on a column of target value
- The column name of source or target table do not need to have same name, just need to make sure the value is similar
- Use RELATED to lookup column of target table. Ex: Month Name = RELATED('Month Sort'[Month Name])

44. Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) – Statistical Functions
New Column
New Measure
Applied on Table view
Applied on Canvas view
Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) is a library of functions and operators that can be combined to build formulas and expressions in
Power BI, Analysis Services, and Power Pivot in Excel data models. DAX can be applied on New Column or New Measure
DAX function calculate value horizontally by default

45. DAX – CALCULATE and FILTER
Normally CALCULATE and FILTER are used on
Canvas as Measure
CALCULATE
FILTER
Return
Value
Return
Table
= CALCULATE(SUM('Cell Hourly'[(LTE) Average User Number
(None)]),'Cell Hourly'[NE Name] = "ABC003_ParkiranBlokA-KIN")
= CALCULATE(Expression, Criteria)
Basic Formula
Sample: Return Number of an Expression/Calculation
Sample: Return Number or Text with specific criteria from other columns value
= CALCULATE(FIRSTNONBLANK('Cell Hourly'[(LTE) UL Resource
Block Utilizing Rate (%)],1),'Cell
Hourly'[Cell.6]="E_ABC002ML1_NewPasarDeliTua-DMT_ML02" &&
'Cell Hourly'[Date Time]=DATE(2024, 1, 11) + TIME(3, 0, 0))
= FILTER('Cell Daily',
('Cell Daily'[Kabupaten] = "KOTA SURABAYA" ||
'Cell Daily'[Kabupaten] ="KOTA MALANG")
&& 'Cell Daily'[Downlink bandwidth]="CELL_BW_N100")
Sample: Return a virtual table with several criteria
= FILTER(Table, FilterExpression
Basic Formula

46. DAX – Benchmark
Winner =
VAR SummaryTable =
UNION (
ROW ( "Column name", "A", "Column Value", 'OOKLA - Download'[A]),
ROW ( "Column name", "B", "Column Value", 'OOKLA - Download'[B]),
ROW ( "Column name", "C", "Column Value", 'OOKLA - Download'[C]),
ROW ( "Column name", "D", "Column Value", 'OOKLA - Download'[D]),
ROW ( "Column name", "E", "Column Value", 'OOKLA - Download'[E])
)
VAR Result =
CONCATENATEX ( TOPN ( 1, SummaryTable, [Column Value] ), [Column name], ", " )
RETURN
Result
Formula
Add Column with return value of column name with the highest value among other tables

47. DAX – Calendar, Cumulative, Progress Tracker
Calendar = CALENDAR(DATE(2022,5,1), DATE(2022,5,31))
Calendar as Table
Cumulative =
CALCULATE (
SUM ( 'Month Sort'[Random] ),
ALL ( 'Month Sort' ),
'Month Sort'[Month Num] <= EARLIER ( 'Month Sort'[Month Num] ))
Cumulative as Column
Progress =
CALCULATE(COUNTROWS(Tracker),Tracker[Submission Status]="Submitted")
/
COUNTROWS(Tracker)
Progress as Measure

48. Sorting Column for Canvas
- Column with number value will be sorted from
smaller to largest
- Column with text value will be sorted alphabetically
- Go to Table view → select column to sort → Column
tools → Sort → Sort by Column → Select column
which used as sorted value
- Ex: Month Name value will be sorted based on
Month_Num value
Default Sorting on Canvas

49. Frequently Used Visuals

50. Frequently Used Visuals

51. Frequently Used Visuals

52. Formatting Visual and Slicer
- Visual setting is to configure anything inside of visual. Ex: legend, axis, color of bars, etc
- General setting is to configure anything outside of visual. Ex: Background, title, etc
Formatting Visual Formatting Slicer

53. Conditional Formatting on Table/Matrix
- Select table/matrix on Canvas, click on Values → Conditional Formatting → select Background color or icons

54. Filter Visual
- Filter value can be done on visual with many different type: Top N, Basic filtering, Advanced filtering
- Filter can be applied on current visual only, current page, or all pages

55. Constant Line
- Constant line can be created on X and Y axis with fix value or dynamic value based on column
Y-Axis
Dynamic value
based on column
Dynamic based on Column value
Static value

56. Edit Interactions
- A visual can be automatically filtered by clicking the content inside other visual
- Edit interactions can between visuals can be customed with 3 choice:
➢ Filter: Show the corresponding value only
➢ Highlight: Fade the non corresponding value
➢ None: Nothing change
Highlight Filter

57. Mapping
- Go to File → Option and Settings → Option → Security → Use Map and Filled Map visuals
- Go to File -> Option and Settings -> Option → Preview features → Shape map visual
- Restart Power BI
- Border file used in Power BI is JSON
- To convert SHP to JSON go to https://mapshaper.org/ select all SHP files then export to TopoJson
SHP Files

58. Mapping: Basic, Heatmap, Filled Map, Border Custom

59. Power BI Pro and Premium Feature
- Power BI report can be published on web publicly
- Free Trial 2 Month https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48EdbkhG2hk
- Additional Visuals are available with either free or subscribe payment
Publish to Web
Additional Visual