The document discusses the use of CleanOxide 75, a chlorine dioxide solution, for sanitizing surfaces and water systems in poultry farming. CleanOxide 75 kills bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens without risk of resistance developing. It can be used to disinfect drinking water, surfaces, and equipment at various dosage rates. CleanOxide 75 controls biofilms and odors while degrading to harmless compounds after use. Maintaining sanitary conditions through regular CleanOxide 75 use can significantly reduce disease spread in poultry farming.

1. Sub
CleanOxide 75 - Applications
in Poultry Farming
CleanOxide 75 is a unique product for sanitising hard
surfaces and processing equipment, as well as for
treating drinking water, chilled water and other process
water to assist in the prevention of the propagation and
transmission of disease.
CleanOxide is not a substitute for good management
practice; it is, however, a powerful tool that can assist in
maintaining the highest standards of hygiene and reducing
the spread of disease-causing organisms.
CleanOxide 75 is a practically pure solution of chlorine
dioxide – one of the most powerful and safe disinfectants
known.
including bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, viruses, biofilm,
protozoa and algae.
including viruses, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria,
Cryptosporidium and Legionella.
chlorine at controlling pathogens.
Poultry Farming
For example, at pH 8.5 chlorine dioxide has been
of chlorine dioxide as a bactericide Appl.
Microbiol. 13: 776-780).
The mode of action of chlorine dioxide is such
that microorganisms cannot develop resistance
to it; therefore, CleanOxide can be used
throughout the production facility without any
risk of developing resistant organisms over time,
even if sub-lethal doses are present.
in minimising odour resulting from the growth
of mould and other biological material in warm,
wet conditions.
CleanOxide 75 is a practically pure solution
of chlorine dioxide in water. It should not be
confused with “stabilised chlorine dioxide” or
“acidified sodium chlorite” which are unsuitable
for use in poultry farming (because of high levels
of undesirable impurities including chlorite and
chlorate).

2. Applications
CleanOxide 75 can be used to disinfect the
birds’ drinking water ensuring that the risk of
transmitting disease through drinking water is
reduced to a minimum.
Treating drinking water with CleanOxide at the recommended
dose rate has the added benefit of destroying chloroform and
chloramines that may be present if the water has been
chlorinated.
Water used for purposes other than drinking including chilled
water used for washing carcases can be treated with CleanOxide
at higher dose rates to assist in the control of the spread of
disease and to reduce odour. In these situations higher dose rates
are recommended to ensure high levels of residual chlorine
dioxide.
Biofilm is a major problem in reticulation systems distributing
water (for further details, see Activ8H2O Technical Data Sheet
control of biofilm with CleanOxide 75).
Biofilm is not controlled by conventional chlorination of water
even when dosed at high levels. The use of CleanOxide 75 does
control biofilm greatly reducing the risk of the spread of disease
from this source.
CleanOxide 75 can also be used to disinfect hard surfaces
or processing equipment. Regular use of CleanOxide will maintain
sanitary conditions, control build up of biofi lm and contribute
significantly to reducing odour.
CleanOxide 75 can also be used to control air-borne pathogens
when appropriately diluted and misted. Animals and people
should be removed from any area to be treated in this fashion.
CleanOxide 75
CleanOxide 75 from Activ8H2O is the simple modern method of
generating high purity chlorine dioxide as and when required by
mixing two precursor solutions
(see Activ8H2O brochure CleanOxide 75 for more information).
CleanOxide 75 is a 0.75% solution of chlorine dioxide in water
containing only a small amount of sodium sulphate and sodium
chloride as by-products of mixing.
Advantages of CleanOxide 75
• CleanOxide 75 is effective over a broad pH range (4-10).
• CleanOxide 75 controls bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi,
viruses, biofilm, protozoa and algae.
• CleanOxide 75 does not react with ammonia and does not
produce toxic compounds in contact with organic
materials present in water.
• CleanOxide 75 is not toxic at the recommended dose rates
• CleanOxide 75 rapidly degrades to harmless inorganic
chemicals when exposed to sunlight
• Low cost per bird
Control of Microorganisms in
Reticulation Systems
Conventional chlorine, bromine and non-oxidising biocides
are very poor at controlling microorganisms in reticulation
systems because of short contact times unless dosed at
very high concentrations. Even at high dose rates, these
disinfectants do not control biofilm.
High concentrations of chlorine in drinking water are also
potentially harmful to the birds. Most non-oxidising biocides
are unacceptable in drinking water or potable water.
Chlorine dioxide overcomes all these problems. It is effective
against algae, bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, protozoa and
viruses and is the only method of disinfection that is effective
at controlling biofilm. Chlorine dioxide remains effective
over a wide pH range from about 4 to 10. It does not react
with ammonia or organic matter in the water and at the
recommended dose rates is not toxic.
Any residual chlorine dioxide rapidly breaks down to harmless
inorganic compounds.
In addition to these benefits, chlorine dioxide when used at
high enough dose rates will disinfect hard surfaces preventing
the spread of disease-causing bacteria, fungi and viruses.

3. Dose Rates
The optimum dose rate of CleanOxide 75 will depend
on many factors including water quality, the degree of
contamination present and the details of the application.
Residual chlorine dioxide in the waste water is rapidly
biodegraded to harmless inorganic materials.
Consequently disposal of waste water poses no
environmental hazard.
Chlorine dioxide is generally regarded as of low toxicity at
the recommended dose rates.
Drinking Water
When using CleanOxide for the first time it may be
necessary to use a "shock dose" considerably higher than the
maintenance dose to remove biofilm and other biological
material not controlled by conventional methods.
When shock dosing the drinking water system, do not
administer the treated water to the birds.
Discard this water and flush the system with clean water
dosed at the normal recommended level.
When using CleanOxide 75 for the first time or when shock­
dosing for the first time, there may be a visible discolouration
of the water due to breakdown and removal of biofilm.
As a general guide, drinking water should be dosed at 50 to
100ml CleanOxide 75 per 1000L water.
At this dose rate, CleanOxide 75 will render the water safe for
drinking without imparting any undesirable taste or odour to
the water.
Shock dosing is carried out at five to ten times this rate (250
to 500ml CleanOxide 75 per 1000L water).
Potable Water and Chilled Water
For potable water used for wash down and other
applications (excluding drinking water), a higher dose rate of
250ml CleanOxide 75 per 1000L water is recommended.
For maximum control of pathogens, dosing must be
continuous:
lf potable water is distributed through a reticulation system,
the system should be shock dosed when
using CleanOxide 75 for the first time and at least once every
year thereafter.
Shock dose CleanOxide 75 at 2.5L CleanOxide 75 per 1000L
water and leave in the system for 24 hours. If system is very
heavily contaminated repeat this treatment or double the
dose rate to thoroughly disinfect the system.
Do not use water from shock dosing for normal operations.
Discard this water and flush system with water dosed at the
maintenance dose rate.
When using CleanOxide 75 for the first time, there may be a
visible change in the water coming out of the system due to
breakdown and removal of biofilm.
When using normal maintenance rates there is no need to
flush the system. CleanOxide left in the lines will help to
maintain a clean system.
Chlorine dioxide degrades to harmless inorganic constituents
if left in the system for more than 72 hours.
Disinfecting hard surfaces and equipment
CleanOxide 75 is a very powerful and effective surface
disinfectant at the recommended dose rates.
Materials to be disinfected must be thoroughly
cleaned before treating with CleanOxide 75 to achieve
optimum results.
CleanOxide 75 should not be mixed with any other
chemicals prior to use as this may substantially reduce its
effectiveness as a disinfectant.
The recommended rate for water used for disinfecting hard
surfaces including walls, floors and equipment is 0.5 - 1L
CleanOxide 75 per 1000L of water.
Food Processing
CleanOxide 75 can safely be used for washing bird carcases.
CleanOxide 75 destroys bacteria including potentially
harmful pathogens such as E.coli, as well as controlling fungi
and fungal spores ensuring reduced risk for the consumer
and increased shelf life for the produce.
Residual chlorine dioxide left on the produce degrades
rapidly leaving no harmful residues.
Chlorine dioxide is permitted as a processing aid for all foods
(FSANZ Standard 1.3.3) provided the final food contains no
more than lmg/kg chlorine dioxide.
At the recommended dose rates, CleanOxide 75 conforms to
this standard.
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4. The following tables give the approximate concentration
of chlorine dioxide obtained when freshly prepared
CleanOxide 75 is diluted with potable water.
Actual concentrations obtained will depend on the age of
the CleanOxide 75 solution and the quality of the water.
Once diluted for use, solutions should be used
immediately.
CleanOxide 75
per 1000L water
Chlorine Dioxide
Concentration
2.5L 19mg/L
1L 7mg/L
0.75 6mg/L
CleanOxide 75
per 1000L water
Chlorine Dioxide
Concentration
0.5 4mg/L
0.25 2mg/L
0.05 0.4mg/L
CleanOxide 75 - Applications
in Poultry Farming
To calculate the dose rate of CleanOxide 75 use the following formula:
Dose Rate (L/hr) =
FFor example, if the flow rate is 25L/s and the target concentration is 0.5mg/L, the dose rate is,
= 6L/hr
If the flow rate is expressed in m3/hr, the formula becomes,
Dose Rate (L/hr) =
For example, if the flow rate is 15m3/hr and the target concentration is 0.5mg/L, the dose rate is,
System flow (L/s) x Target concentration of chlorine dioxide (mg/L) x 3600
7500
System flow (m3/hr) x Target concentration of chlorine dioxide (mg/L) x 1000
7500
= 25 x 0.5 x 3600
7500
= 15 x 0.5 x 1000
7500
= 1L/hr CleanOxide 75
discuss your specific requirements.
Please Note: The information contained in this document is based on CleanOxide 75 pure chlorine dioxide and is
not applicable to other sources of chlorine dioxide.
For further advice on applications of CleanOxide 75, contact Activ8H2O to discuss your
specific requirements.
E: info@activ8h2o.com
www.activ8h2o.com