Post modernism
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Postmodernism rejects the idea of objective truth and universal values. It believes that truth is subjective and interpreted differently by individuals based on their perspective. In a postmodern world, the line between reality and imagination is blurred, as the media plays a large role in shaping beliefs and perceptions of truth. Postmodernism also argues that we have lost touch with the real world and instead live immersed in simulations and media representations of reality.
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Baudrillard
Jean Baudrillard was a French theorist who analyzed signs and symbols in culture. He believed that in postmodern society, signs and media no longer represent reality but instead create simulations and hyperreality that blur the lines between real and fictional. According to Baudrillard, we live in a world where signs reflect other signs and claims to reality are themselves artificial constructions. Contemporary media play a role in alienating us from the real world and reflecting the views of powerful groups through language and ideology. This has generated a spectacular simulated world that reality cannot match.
01 Contemporary Media Issues Intro To Section B - Part 1
Opening presentation introducing the Postmodern Media topic for the Contemporary Media Issues section of the A2 exam.
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Opening presentation introducing the theories of Baudrillard and Debord and applying them to Reality TV, The Matrix and Kiss Kiss Bang Bang.
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This document provides an overview of the critical perspective of postmodern media for an OCR Media Studies A2 course. It discusses key theories and philosophers of postmodernism such as Baudrillard, Lyotard, and their concepts of hyperreality and simulacra. Examples of postmodern media texts that will be analyzed are provided, including The Matrix film and how it references and explores postmodern ideas through its narrative structure, visual effects, and themes. Students will analyze how The Matrix and other examples can be understood as postmodern texts in their upcoming homework assignment.
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The document provides an overview of postmodern media for a media studies course. It defines postmodernism as characterized by a distrust of theories and drawing attention to conventions. Students will study postmodern media theories and how they apply to specific texts, being tested on understanding and discussing postmodern media. Key concepts discussed include the blurred lines between media and reality, media reality as the new reality, pastiche and parody in postmodern works, and rejection of hierarchies of value or truth. Jean Baudrillard's ideas around simulacra and hyperreality are explained, how media signs replace reality. Examples of postmodern media texts that play with conventions are provided for future study.
01. g325 contemporary media issues intro to section b - what is postmodernism
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The document discusses postmodern media theories around concepts of reality, truth, and value in a media-saturated society. It provides three key ideas:
1) The distinction between media and reality has collapsed, leading to a state of "hyperreality" where it is impossible to distinguish between the two.
2) All ideas of "truth" are just competing claims or discourses, and what we believe is merely the dominant discourse.
3) Postmodern media rejects the idea that any media product is more valuable than another, reducing all judgments to mere taste and relativism.
The document uses examples from reality television, celebrity culture, and art to illustrate these postmodern concepts and how they challenge traditionalPost Modernism
This document discusses postmodern media theory. It defines postmodernism as rejecting the idea that any media text can objectively represent reality, and instead seeing media as constructing its own version of reality. A key theorist discussed is Jean Baudrillard, who argued that in modern society the distinction between reality and media representations has collapsed, and we now live in a state of "hyperreality" defined by simulations. The document examines Baudrillard's concept of simulacra and how media texts can explore and expose this hyperreal condition. Examples of postmodern media that do this include films, television shows, video games and other texts that reference and play with their own constructed nature.
Technological Determinism
McLuhan was a media theorist who believed that media are extensions of human senses and faculties. His most famous work explored how the characteristics of different media shape society. Technological determinism asserts that a society's technology drives cultural and social changes. The movie Inception depicts dreams as extensions of the subconscious mind. Advanced technology allows people to share and explore dreams on deeper levels. Totems help distinguish reality from dreams, while projections are extensions of the subconscious that respond violently if threatened. The film shows how technology can be used to overcome limitations like death but may also risk becoming trapped in endless dreams.
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Jean Baudrillard was a French theorist who analyzed signs and symbols in culture. He believed that in postmodern society, signs and media no longer represent reality but instead create simulations and hyperreality that blur the lines between real and fictional. According to Baudrillard, we live in a world where signs reflect other signs and claims to reality are themselves artificial constructions. Contemporary media play a role in alienating us from the real world and reflecting the views of powerful groups through language and ideology. This has generated a spectacular simulated world that reality cannot match.
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Opening presentation introducing the Postmodern Media topic for the Contemporary Media Issues section of the A2 exam.
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The document provides an overview of postmodern media for a media studies course. It defines postmodernism as characterized by a distrust of theories and drawing attention to conventions. Students will study postmodern media theories and how they apply to specific texts, being tested on understanding and discussing postmodern media. Key concepts discussed include the blurred lines between media and reality, media reality as the new reality, pastiche and parody in postmodern works, and rejection of hierarchies of value or truth. Jean Baudrillard's ideas around simulacra and hyperreality are explained, how media signs replace reality. Examples of postmodern media texts that play with conventions are provided for future study.
01. g325 contemporary media issues intro to section b - what is postmodernism
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1) The distinction between media and reality has collapsed, leading to a state of "hyperreality" where it is impossible to distinguish between the two.
2) All ideas of "truth" are just competing claims or discourses, and what we believe is merely the dominant discourse.
3) Postmodern media rejects the idea that any media product is more valuable than another, reducing all judgments to mere taste and relativism.
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This document discusses postmodern media theory. It defines postmodernism as rejecting the idea that any media text can objectively represent reality, and instead seeing media as constructing its own version of reality. A key theorist discussed is Jean Baudrillard, who argued that in modern society the distinction between reality and media representations has collapsed, and we now live in a state of "hyperreality" defined by simulations. The document examines Baudrillard's concept of simulacra and how media texts can explore and expose this hyperreal condition. Examples of postmodern media that do this include films, television shows, video games and other texts that reference and play with their own constructed nature.
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2) Reception theory which argues that media texts contain values and messages decoded differently by various audience members as dictators, negotiators, or oppositional interpretations.
3) Hypodermic needle theory which suggests media can directly and uniformly influence large audiences by "injecting" them with messages, treating people as passive recipients brainwashed by media. However, this view is outdated as audiences consume media differently with varied responses.
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2) It argues that people today experience reality through limited views propagated by social media and mass media, similar to the prisoners in the cave seeing only shadows on the wall.
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Postmodernism mind map
Postmodernism emphasizes style over substance and challenges traditional notions of art, truth, and linear narratives. Key aspects include the breakdown of distinctions between high and low culture, an emphasis on bricolage and mixing of cultural forms, and questioning of objective truths and meta-narratives through techniques like self-referentiality, deconstruction, and challenging hierarchies. Postmodern culture is characterized by constant remaking and influences between new and old works, with reality being blurred by media like music videos and photography.
07 Contemporary Media Issues - Baudrillard Symbolic Exchange Hyperreality
07 Contemporary Media Issues - Baudrillard Symbolic Exchange HyperrealityAlleyn's School Film Studies Department
1. Jean Baudrillard was a sociologist and philosopher who was interested in how media and technology influenced human communication, meaning-making, and experience in modern society.
2. Though often considered a postmodernist, Baudrillard saw himself more as studying a media-saturated world. He was concerned with how "symbolic exchange" or meaningful collective experiences were being replaced by superficial interactions with signs and simulations.
3. Baudrillard argued that contemporary society has replaced authentic experiences with artificial simulations through mass media like television, to the point that reality itself has been replaced by artificial "hyperreality" divorced from genuine human experiences.Post-modernism mindmap
Postmodernism emerged in the late 19th/early 20th centuries as a theoretical movement that questioned absolutes and deconstructed modernist ideas and styles. It rejects realism and embraces abstraction. Postmodernism sees reality as an illusion defined by visual media rather than objective facts, with narratives that disrupt linear cause-and-effect storytelling and cultural hierarchies. Key aspects include bricolage, the merging of elements to form new meanings, and skepticism of the very concept of "truth" in a highly mediated world where images can be fabricated.
Post moernism mind map
Post-modernism developed as a reaction to modernism and is characterized by uncertainty and skepticism of absolute truths. It emphasizes that truth is dependent on context and open to interpretation rather than being objective. Post-modernist works often employ techniques like bricolage, where existing materials and ideas are combined in new ways, and intertextuality, where works reference and build upon previous works. They also explore concepts like simulacra, where reality blends with representations of reality, and hybridity, where high and low cultures intersect to create new meanings. Music videos exemplify post-modernist techniques through their intense editing, imagery, and references to other works.
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Baudrillard's theory of hyperreality argues that media representations have become indistinguishable from reality. The media presents models of behavior, morality, and lifestyle that masses accept as real. As a result, the simulation created by media becomes people's perception of reality, making it impossible to distinguish the real from the hyperreal. Baudrillard also claimed that the Gulf War was a hyperreal event, as media reporting distorted and replaced factual reality. Advertising seduces audiences by promising a lifestyle reserved for elites, even though the promise is only a simulation.
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Postmodernism rejects objective truths and foundations of knowledge. All accounts of reality are equally valid and there is no way to judge between different perspectives. Postmodernists also reject grand narratives and theories that claim to fully explain reality. Jean-Francois Lyotard analyzed changes in language and the rise of different "language games" in postmodern society. Baudrillard argued that society is based on images and signs rather than material goods, and reality has become blurred with media simulations. Postmodernism emphasizes style over substance and destabilizes culture and identity through the proliferation of media images.
Evualtion
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The document is a 9 question questionnaire about a music video. It asks the respondent about the genre of the music video, their rating of the professionalism of the video on a scale of 1-10, whether the video challenged conventions of real media products and why, what could be improved, their favorite music video and why, what they think the meaning and storyline of the video is, whether the editing was to a good standard, if they recognized any religious symbolism and what its meaning is, and how effective the combination of the main video and additional materials was.
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2) It argues that people today experience reality through limited views propagated by social media and mass media, similar to the prisoners in the cave seeing only shadows on the wall.
3) The author claims we must be willing to question what we see in media and explore beyond our preconceptions, just as the prisoners in the cave needed to leave in order to discover the true reality outside.
Uses and gratifications theory
Uses and Gratifications theory proposes that people actively seek out media to satisfy personal needs and desires. It focuses on why audiences use specific media rather than how media affects people. The theory suggests people may consume media for personal identity, education, entertainment, or social interaction. However, some criticize it for implying people always choose and control their media consumption.
Mcluhan Life Summary
Nicholas Carr argues that Google and constant internet use may be negatively impacting our ability to focus and think deeply. He notes that the internet provides immense access to information but that our consumption of online data may be hindering concentration. Carr also suggests that hyperlinks on the internet encourage quick jumps between topics rather than sustained, thoughtful reading. While technology has increased information availability, Carr poses the question of whether this is eroding our capacity for reflection and complex cognition.
Fight club and postmodernism
Fight Club explores themes common in postmodern works, such as the construction of unstable identities and a cynical view of culture as lacking originality. Postmodern texts often feature circular narratives, characters who feel alienated, and self-referential elements that disrupt linear storytelling. Fight Club incorporates postmodern techniques through its examination of constructed masculinity and distrust of societal institutions, though it also employs traditional Hollywood conventions.
Symbolic Convergence Theory Of Communication
Symbolic convergence theory examines how groups develop shared meanings and understandings. The article discusses the theory's key assumptions that communication creates reality and symbols create shared meanings. It states that the theory examines how fantasy themes emerge from repeated messages in a group and shape the group's rhetorical vision and sense of purpose. The paper also provides an example of a study that used symbolic convergence theory to analyze messages shared on a role-playing game group's Facebook page and adventure logs to understand the fantasy themes that emerged.
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Postmodernism emphasizes style over substance and challenges traditional notions of art, truth, and linear narratives. Key aspects include the breakdown of distinctions between high and low culture, an emphasis on bricolage and mixing of cultural forms, and questioning of objective truths and meta-narratives through techniques like self-referentiality, deconstruction, and challenging hierarchies. Postmodern culture is characterized by constant remaking and influences between new and old works, with reality being blurred by media like music videos and photography.
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2. Though often considered a postmodernist, Baudrillard saw himself more as studying a media-saturated world. He was concerned with how "symbolic exchange" or meaningful collective experiences were being replaced by superficial interactions with signs and simulations.
3. Baudrillard argued that contemporary society has replaced authentic experiences with artificial simulations through mass media like television, to the point that reality itself has been replaced by artificial "hyperreality" divorced from genuine human experiences.Post-modernism mindmap
Postmodernism emerged in the late 19th/early 20th centuries as a theoretical movement that questioned absolutes and deconstructed modernist ideas and styles. It rejects realism and embraces abstraction. Postmodernism sees reality as an illusion defined by visual media rather than objective facts, with narratives that disrupt linear cause-and-effect storytelling and cultural hierarchies. Key aspects include bricolage, the merging of elements to form new meanings, and skepticism of the very concept of "truth" in a highly mediated world where images can be fabricated.
Post moernism mind map
Post-modernism developed as a reaction to modernism and is characterized by uncertainty and skepticism of absolute truths. It emphasizes that truth is dependent on context and open to interpretation rather than being objective. Post-modernist works often employ techniques like bricolage, where existing materials and ideas are combined in new ways, and intertextuality, where works reference and build upon previous works. They also explore concepts like simulacra, where reality blends with representations of reality, and hybridity, where high and low cultures intersect to create new meanings. Music videos exemplify post-modernist techniques through their intense editing, imagery, and references to other works.
Group ancillary sketches
The document discusses concepts related to social media and control. It suggests that social media breaks traditional media chains of control, but also subtly invites people in and exerts control over how they express themselves. Various visual concepts are presented, such as strings holding shadows to represent subtle control and a blue hand gripping expression to symbolize Facebook's influence over what people say.
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Drawing from Postman’s observations, the solution lies not in demonizing media, advertisement, or technology but recognizing their potential for manipulation and mindless consumption.
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We need to actively cultivate our ability to engage deeply with issues, nurture independent thought, and promote meaningful dialogues.
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Jean Baudrillard argues that there is more information in the world today but less meaning. He presents three hypotheses to explain this: 1) that information produces meaning but eventually devours itself, 2) Shannon's hypothesis that information and meaning are not related, and 3) that information is directly destructive of meaning. Baudrillard believes information exhausts itself by staging communication as simulation rather than true communication, and dissolves meaning and the social sphere. He argues we live in a "hyperreal" state where media images shape our expectations and realities without basis in fact, blurring the lines between real and represented experiences.
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Baudrillard's theory of hyperreality argues that media representations have become indistinguishable from reality. The media presents models of behavior, morality, and lifestyle that masses accept as real. As a result, the simulation created by media becomes people's perception of reality, making it impossible to distinguish the real from the hyperreal. Baudrillard also claimed that the Gulf War was a hyperreal event, as media reporting distorted and replaced factual reality. Advertising seduces audiences by promising a lifestyle reserved for elites, even though the promise is only a simulation.
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Postmodernism rejects objective truths and foundations of knowledge. All accounts of reality are equally valid and there is no way to judge between different perspectives. Postmodernists also reject grand narratives and theories that claim to fully explain reality. Jean-Francois Lyotard analyzed changes in language and the rise of different "language games" in postmodern society. Baudrillard argued that society is based on images and signs rather than material goods, and reality has become blurred with media simulations. Postmodernism emphasizes style over substance and destabilizes culture and identity through the proliferation of media images.
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The document provides an evaluation of a group's media project which was a music video for the song "You Found Me" by The Fray. The group researched the band and genre to conform their video to conventions of indie/piano rock music videos. Their video included establishing shots, close-ups, and rural/city scenes. It challenges conventions by not focusing on the singer and including religious symbols and a crow representing hope at the end. The album cover and magazine ad effectively relate to the video through images and font. Feedback was positive about adhering to genre conventions and video quality, but suggested including more varied shots. The group used technologies like cameras, editing software, presentations software, and the internet for research, planning
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3) Shots were selected to directly link the visuals to lyrics from the song, including an over-the-shoulder shot shown as an example.
Magazine Cover Analysis
This document summarizes the design choices made for two different magazine cover advertisements promoting a band and their new single. For the first version, the band name is featured prominently in a bold, rock-inspired font at the top to attract viewers. Below is the name of the single, and release information is included in white text. A review quote is also added as is common for such advertisements. The second version keeps the black and white color scheme common for the genre. The quote is shortened to avoid copyright issues and rough, industrial photographs relate to the band's music video imagery.
Contribution to the Project
1) The student contributed to both the pre-production and production stages of creating a music video for a class project. They divided tasks like storyboarding, location scouting, and lyric interpretation between group members.
2) The student took on the main acting role in the music video, being responsible for their character's props, outfit, and scenes. Other group members shared filming and directing duties.
3) The group edited the final music video together, taking turns leading the editing process but making all decisions as a group. They also collaborated on ancillary presentation materials like Photoshop designs.
Media question2
This document summarizes how the media product develops conventions of indie/rock music videos. It films in city settings like many indie rock videos analyze. It includes symbols like crosses to subtly portray a message of searching for God. The final scene reveals an unknown character paired with a crow taking flight, symbolizing being found and free to live. Sound transfers from nondiegetic to diegetic by showing a character listening to the song through headphones, giving it a fuzzy, indie rock effect. The product develops conventions while personalizing elements like symbols and scenes to achieve its intended feel.
Media question1
The document discusses the use of media technologies in the production stages of a media project. A high-quality Canon camera was used to film footage and extra batteries were brought to ensure continuous filming. Footage was saved to an SD card and USB for safekeeping. Adobe Premiere Pro editing software was used to cut together shots and maintain video quality. The final product was uploaded to Vimeo for sharing online due to Vimeo's high upload quality and lack of feature loss compared to YouTube.
Questionnaire analysis
The document provides feedback from a questionnaire about a music video created by the author and their media group. 20 people who previously answered a questionnaire were asked questions about how well the music video followed Goodwin's six key conventions for music videos. The feedback was generally positive, with most respondents agreeing the video included genre characteristics and clear relationships between the lyrics, music, and visuals. However, some aspects like the "notion of looking" were not as obvious to all viewers. The author notes areas they could improve if creating the video again.
Music video feedback questionnaire
The document is a music video feedback questionnaire that asks 5 questions to evaluate different technical and creative aspects of a music video. It asks whether the video follows common music video conventions regarding its genre, relationship between lyrics and visuals, music and visuals, record label characteristics, and references to looking. It also questions the camera work, sound quality, video quality, and appropriate use of effects and transitions.
Music genre questionnaire result analysis
The document summarizes the results of a music genre questionnaire completed by 20 people. It found that most respondents were female aged 16-20. The questionnaire aimed to determine preferences around music genres and features of music videos. The results showed equal popularity for indie rock, pop, and R&B genres. When watching music videos, respondents most valued mise en scene and storyline. This information will help the author choose an indie rock song and develop their own music video that focuses on visuals and narrative.
Music Genre Questionnaire
This document is a music genre questionnaire that asks the respondent for their gender, age range, favorite music genre which includes options like rock, R&B, pop, indie rock, classical, folk, and other, and the first thing they look for in a music video which includes options like storyline, characters, mise en scene, effects, and location.
Permission Letter
A group of A Level students are requesting permission from Epic Records to use the song "You Found Me" by The Fray in their A Level media coursework. The students plan to feature the song as background music in their original footage for the coursework. They have written to request permission regarding use of the copyrighted song.
Production Report
The document outlines the schedule and logistics for a two day film shoot. On the first day, the crew will meet at Enfield Town Station and take footage at Liverpool Street Station from 10am to 2pm and outside the station from 2-2:30pm. They will then travel to Hyde Park to film between 3-5pm. The second day involves another meeting at Enfield Town Station, then filming at Liverpool Street Station from 9:55am to 1pm and in Hyde Park from 2-4pm. The same crew and equipment will be used each day.
Location report
Liverpool Street Station and Hyde Park are proposed locations for filming a music video. Liverpool Street Station is spacious with shops and an open roof, providing good lighting. Hyde Park is a large park with benches, lakes, and trees that can be used as scenery. Natural lighting will be used at the scheduled filming times, and artificial lighting may be needed as it gets darker or for indoor filming. Background noise from roads and people may be a issue at the public locations but can be removed in post-production as no sound will be recorded during filming.
Location scouting sheet
Liverpool Street Station, surrounding London streets, and Hyde Park are proposed locations that are centrally located and offer flexibility for filming scenes depicting a journey. The station interior and exterior, nearby coffee shops, and areas of the park would be available for filming on weekdays after 3:30pm and weekends anytime. The locations fit within the concepts and vision for the music video and provide busy, varied settings near public transit.
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