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Ionizing radiation from the Fukushima nuclear accident poses health risks. Exposure to high levels of radiation can cause nausea, hair loss, hemorrhaging and death. While radiation levels near Fukushima are elevated, levels in Tokyo are only 10 times higher than normal which is still considered very low and unlikely to cause immediate health effects. However, Japan will need to monitor long term health consequences from the accident.
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This document discusses different types of radiation and their effects. It compares ionizing radiation, which can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, to non-ionizing radiation, which does not break bonds and is generally not harmful. It describes the symptoms a person exposed to ionizing radiation may experience, from initial nausea and fatigue to organ damage and death depending on exposure level. It also distinguishes radiation effects from a nuclear explosion, which produces lethal gamma rays and long-lived radioactive fallout, from a nuclear plant accident like Fukushima, which emits radioactive cesium and iodine. Cesium-137 and Iodine-131 are highlighted as particularly dangerous due to their ability to contaminate food and water supplies.
Possible health effects of nuclear crisis
Ionizing radiation can break chemical bonds and cause health effects like nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss and diarrhea. Exposure to 500,000 microsieverts can cause nausea and fatigue within hours, while 750,000 microsieverts leads to hair loss within a few weeks. A million microsieverts can cause hemorrhaging and 4 million microsieverts usually leads to death. The Chernobyl disaster directly caused 50 deaths within months and is estimated to eventually cause 4000 radiation-related deaths.
The radiation effects to health
This document discusses the different types of radiation and their effects on human health. There are two main types - ionizing radiation, which can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, and non-ionizing radiation, which is not believed to cause cancer. Ionizing radiation includes X-rays and gamma rays and can cause nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss, diarrhea, dehydration, and death depending on the exposure level and length of time exposed. Nuclear bombs produce dangerous ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays and gamma rays that can accumulate in food and lead to cancer, as was tragically demonstrated by the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which killed over 166,000 people initially and
Possible health effect_of_radiation
This document discusses the different types of radiation and their health effects. It outlines ionizing radiation, which can break down body structures and cause nausea, fatigue, hair loss, and death at high levels. Two types of radiation from Fukushima are cesium-137, which can cause sarcoma and contaminate foods/water, and iodine-131, which can cause thyroid tumors but can be prevented with iodine tablets. The document concludes by noting the need to monitor radiation levels until Fukushima is stopped and consider new energy resources to replace nuclear power.
Effects of Nuclear Radiation
This document discusses the effects of nuclear radiation on the body. It defines nuclear radiation as particle beams such as alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, and neutron rays. It notes that different types of nuclear radiation have varying abilities to penetrate materials. While nuclear radiation can have negative effects, it also describes positive medical uses of radiation including cancer treatment, food sterilization, and medical imaging. The document emphasizes that nuclear radiation comes with both risks and benefits, and should be used carefully.
Dangerousness of Nuclear Radiation
Nuclear radiation consists of particle beams that can harm human cells and potentially cause cancer. Exposure to nuclear radiation occurs internally from ingesting radiological material or externally from sources like X-rays, with internal exposure posing a greater risk. Several major nuclear accidents over exposure to radiation have occurred, such as at Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima, demonstrating the dangers of mishandling nuclear materials and radiation.
Radiation Effect
Radiation can be useful but also dangerous. There are two types - non-ionizing radiation like infrared that is generally safe, and ionizing radiation like X-rays that can cause cancer. Exposure to increasing amounts of radiation causes symptoms from nausea to hair loss to organ damage and eventually death. Nuclear bombs immediately kill many people with radiation, while nuclear plant accidents release radioactive particles that long-term can increase cancer rates. Radiation must be carefully managed to balance its benefits with ensuring public safety.
Radiation Effect
The document discusses electromagnetic radiation and its effects on human life. It defines radiation and describes its different sources including the sun, electronics like cell phones, microwaves, and more. It explains the two types of radiation: ionizing and non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation can damage DNA and cells and has sources like x-rays, while non-ionizing only includes heat, light, and radio waves. Effects of radiation exposure are also outlined, like hair loss, reduced immune system, and fertility issues. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for greater public awareness of radiation risks and development of technologies that reduce electromagnetic radiation levels.
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S1180190 1
This document discusses different types of radiation and their effects. It compares ionizing radiation, which can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, to non-ionizing radiation, which does not break bonds and is generally not harmful. It describes the symptoms a person exposed to ionizing radiation may experience, from initial nausea and fatigue to organ damage and death depending on exposure level. It also distinguishes radiation effects from a nuclear explosion, which produces lethal gamma rays and long-lived radioactive fallout, from a nuclear plant accident like Fukushima, which emits radioactive cesium and iodine. Cesium-137 and Iodine-131 are highlighted as particularly dangerous due to their ability to contaminate food and water supplies.
Possible health effects of nuclear crisis
Ionizing radiation can break chemical bonds and cause health effects like nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss and diarrhea. Exposure to 500,000 microsieverts can cause nausea and fatigue within hours, while 750,000 microsieverts leads to hair loss within a few weeks. A million microsieverts can cause hemorrhaging and 4 million microsieverts usually leads to death. The Chernobyl disaster directly caused 50 deaths within months and is estimated to eventually cause 4000 radiation-related deaths.
The radiation effects to health
This document discusses the different types of radiation and their effects on human health. There are two main types - ionizing radiation, which can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, and non-ionizing radiation, which is not believed to cause cancer. Ionizing radiation includes X-rays and gamma rays and can cause nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss, diarrhea, dehydration, and death depending on the exposure level and length of time exposed. Nuclear bombs produce dangerous ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays and gamma rays that can accumulate in food and lead to cancer, as was tragically demonstrated by the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which killed over 166,000 people initially and
Possible health effect_of_radiation
This document discusses the different types of radiation and their health effects. It outlines ionizing radiation, which can break down body structures and cause nausea, fatigue, hair loss, and death at high levels. Two types of radiation from Fukushima are cesium-137, which can cause sarcoma and contaminate foods/water, and iodine-131, which can cause thyroid tumors but can be prevented with iodine tablets. The document concludes by noting the need to monitor radiation levels until Fukushima is stopped and consider new energy resources to replace nuclear power.
Effects of Nuclear Radiation
This document discusses the effects of nuclear radiation on the body. It defines nuclear radiation as particle beams such as alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, and neutron rays. It notes that different types of nuclear radiation have varying abilities to penetrate materials. While nuclear radiation can have negative effects, it also describes positive medical uses of radiation including cancer treatment, food sterilization, and medical imaging. The document emphasizes that nuclear radiation comes with both risks and benefits, and should be used carefully.
Dangerousness of Nuclear Radiation
Nuclear radiation consists of particle beams that can harm human cells and potentially cause cancer. Exposure to nuclear radiation occurs internally from ingesting radiological material or externally from sources like X-rays, with internal exposure posing a greater risk. Several major nuclear accidents over exposure to radiation have occurred, such as at Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima, demonstrating the dangers of mishandling nuclear materials and radiation.
Radiation Effect
Radiation can be useful but also dangerous. There are two types - non-ionizing radiation like infrared that is generally safe, and ionizing radiation like X-rays that can cause cancer. Exposure to increasing amounts of radiation causes symptoms from nausea to hair loss to organ damage and eventually death. Nuclear bombs immediately kill many people with radiation, while nuclear plant accidents release radioactive particles that long-term can increase cancer rates. Radiation must be carefully managed to balance its benefits with ensuring public safety.
Radiation Effect
The document discusses electromagnetic radiation and its effects on human life. It defines radiation and describes its different sources including the sun, electronics like cell phones, microwaves, and more. It explains the two types of radiation: ionizing and non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation can damage DNA and cells and has sources like x-rays, while non-ionizing only includes heat, light, and radio waves. Effects of radiation exposure are also outlined, like hair loss, reduced immune system, and fertility issues. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for greater public awareness of radiation risks and development of technologies that reduce electromagnetic radiation levels.
Nuclear radiation health_effects
1) Authorities sheltered over 170,000 people within 12 miles of the nuclear plant and distributed iodine tablets to those within 20 miles. At least 200 people were exposed to radiation.
2) Radiation is categorized as ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation like x-rays and gamma rays is more dangerous as it can destroy chemical bonds and cause cancer.
3) Effects of radiation exposure depend on duration but initially include nausea, tiredness, vomiting, and later hair loss, diarrhea, and potentially organ damage and death at higher exposures.
Radiation and it’s effect in human life
Radiation comes from natural and manmade sources and can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Natural sources include cosmic radiation from space, terrestrial radiation from the Earth's crust, and internal radiation from isotopes inside the human body. Manmade sources include X-rays, nuclear power, and wireless technologies. Radiation can damage human tissue depending on the amount, with effects including hair loss, reduced blood cell count, gastrointestinal issues, and increased cancer risk with higher exposures. Proper shielding, protective equipment, limiting exposure time, and monitoring with dosimeters can help reduce radiation risks.
Atomic Radiation Is More Harmful To Women and Children_Mary Olson_NIRS
Atomic radiation is more harmful to women and children according to this document. There is no safe dose of radiation exposure - even a single emission from a radioactive nucleus can start a fatal cancer. Both the EPA and NRC acknowledge there is no safe threshold of exposure. Data from human populations supports this. Nuclear energy releases are considered "clean" only because radiation is invisible, but routine releases still occur and can contaminate large areas in accidents. Standards assume the individual getting a dose is an adult male, but women and children are more vulnerable to radiation-induced health effects. Better protection is needed given what is known about differential impacts across the lifecycle.
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Radioactivity is the ability of a material to emit radiation. There are two types of damage caused by radiation: acute effects that cause immediate damage to tissues and cells; and delayed effects that cause long-term issues like cancer through damage to genes. The probability of delayed effects increases the more radiation one is exposed to. It is important to avoid radiation exposure as much as possible to prevent serious illness. The radioactivity of radioactive substances decreases over time through half-lives, with different elements having different half-lives ranging from a few days to decades. Exposure can be prevented by not touching radioactive materials, keeping distance, and using shielding.
Environmental Health: Radiation
There are two main types of radiation: electromagnetic waves and accelerated subatomic particles. Radiation can also be categorized as ionizing or non-ionizing, with ionizing radiation including sources like cosmic rays, radioactive minerals, medical technology like X-rays, and nuclear activities. Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation can cause acute effects like nausea and vomiting, while low levels are associated with increased risks of cancer and genetic mutations.
Acute radiation syndrome
Acute Radiation Syndrome (Radiation Sickness) is caused by large doses of ionizing radiation over a short period of time. Ionizing radiation damages the body by producing free radicals that break and form new chemical bonds, as well as physically damaging DNA and proteins. The severity of symptoms from radiation exposure depends on the dose received, with mild exposure between 1-2 Grays causing nausea and vomiting, moderate exposure between 2-6 Grays including diarrhea and bleeding, and severe exposure over 6 Grays leading to organ failure and potentially death.
Non ionising radiation
This document discusses hazards from non-ionizing radiation and principles of control. It defines non-ionizing radiation as photons with energy less than 12.4 eV and describes its regions including ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and radiofrequency. The main hazards are tissue heating from absorption of energy and photochemical interactions from UV. Effects include eye damage, skin burns, cancer, and damage to internal organs. Control methods include shielding, containment, distance, reducing exposure time, and personal protective equipment.
Radiation poisoning
Radiation poisoning can occur from localized or whole body exposure to ionizing radiation, which can damage DNA, RNA, and proteins directly or through free radicals. Large doses can cause cell death while lower doses may interfere with cell proliferation. Clinical symptoms depend on the dose but can include radiation burns, gastrointestinal issues, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular collapse, and central nervous system effects. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, blood tests to check for blood cell abnormalities, and using dosimeters or survey meters to determine radiation levels. Treatment focuses on decontamination, chelation therapies for some metals, bone marrow stimulants, antibiotics, and corticosteroids.
Possible health
1. The document discusses the dangerousness of nuclear power plants and nuclear bombs. Radial rays emitted from nuclear power plants can cause people within 12 miles to evacuate and people within 20 miles to close windows and stay indoors.
2. There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing and ionizing. Ionizing radiation is harmful and can cause cancer, break chemical bonds, and have other adverse health effects on people including vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, and death.
3. Nuclear bombs emit x-rays and gamma rays, which are ionizing radiation, and caused many deaths in Hiroshima in 1945. In conclusion, ionizing radiation from nuclear power
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The document discusses sources of background radiation that people are exposed to on a daily basis. It states that the largest sources of radiation exposure are cosmic rays, radon gas inhaled from the air, radioactive potassium-40 from food, and gamma rays from rocks and building materials. The document also notes that while radiation can potentially damage DNA and cause health issues, most people live without harm from the levels of background radiation they experience.
X ray production 2
X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons generated in a vacuum tube collide with a metal target, usually tungsten. This causes the electrons to lose energy, which is re-emitted from the target in the form of x-ray radiation. To prevent overheating, the target uses a rotating anode and circulating oil, with copper used for the anode mountings.
Article2
1) When atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, radiation doses were considerably higher than normal levels.
2) Radiation exposure can cause acute radiation sickness by damaging white blood cells and reducing platelet counts, making victims vulnerable to infection and bleeding.
3) In addition to immediate deaths from burns, many people in Hiroshima and Nagasaki died later from radiation poisoning as radioactive materials released in the explosions gradually caused worsening symptoms and eliminated the body's natural healing abilities.
Radiation posioning
Radiation poisoning, also known as radiation sickness, can occur from exposure to ionizing radiation and results in symptoms depending on the dose. Effects range from mild skin reddening at low doses to life-threatening complications involving the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and neurological systems at high doses. Diagnosis involves monitoring blood counts and markers. Treatment focuses on decontamination, chelation therapy, growth factors and supportive care, with potassium iodide used specifically for radioactive iodine exposure. Prevention emphasizes limiting unnecessary radiation exposure through protective measures and evacuation when advised.
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The document discusses the harmful effects of radiation on human health. It outlines the history of understanding radiation hazards from studies of radium dial painters, uranium miners, early medical workers and atomic bomb survivors. It defines radiation exposure and ionizing radiation, and describes the chain of biological events that can occur following radiation exposure, including effects on cells and tissues. The document concludes by discussing radiation protection practices aimed at limiting risk to people and the environment by keeping radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
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This document provides an overview of basic radiation concepts including:
1) It describes different types of radiation including alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron radiation and how they interact with matter.
2) It discusses radiation safety principles such as minimizing time, distance, and using shielding to reduce radiation exposure.
3) It explains why we need to measure radiation today including uses in medicine, industry, and to detect potential radiological threats from lost radioactive sources or radiological dispersion devices.
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Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted from radioactive substances. They have the highest energy and shortest wavelength of the three main types of nuclear radiation. Gamma rays are often used in medical applications like radiosurgery to destroy tumors without surgery. They are generated within atomic nuclei during radioactive decay. Notable scientists in gamma ray history include Antoine Henri Becquerel who discovered natural radioactivity in uranium in 1896, and Paul Villard who discovered gamma rays in 1900 while studying radiation emitted from radium.
Radiology
X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that can pass through materials and damage living cells. Ionizing radiation deposits energy in cells which can cause biological damage at the sub-cellular, cellular, organ and whole organism levels. The most sensitive cells to radiation damage are growth, gonadal, neoplastic and metabolically active cells. Acute radiation exposure over a short time can cause hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and cerebral effects, while long-term low-dose chronic exposure is linked to increased risk of cancer, cataracts and life shortening. Both direct and indirect ionization can damage cells through excitation or alteration of atoms and molecules.
Ionic Radius & its Trends
Ionic radius is calculated by measuring the distance between two ion nuclei according to their sizes. Cations have a smaller radius than their parent atoms due to electron loss increasing the effective nuclear charge. Anions have a larger radius than their parent atoms due to electron gain decreasing the effective nuclear charge. Ionic radius decreases across a period as proton number and effective nuclear charge increase, making the nucleus attract electrons more strongly. Ionic radius increases down a group as the energy level and shielding effect increase, weakening nuclear attraction.
Health Effects Of Radiation Exposure
The document discusses the health effects of radiation exposure. It provides an overview of radiation sources and the types of radiation. Ionizing radiation can damage DNA and lead to cancer or other health issues. The risk of cancer increases with higher radiation exposure but some risk exists even at low doses according to linear no-threshold models. Medical imaging is a major source of radiation exposure from diagnostic tests like CT scans.
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this presentation tells how to prevent living ones from radiations & their effects. this covers almost all safety measures & hazards by them
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Radiation can kill or change living cells. The biological effects of radiation depend on the type of radiation, the absorbing tissue, and the total absorbed energy. Different types of radiation have different effects on cells due to their varying abilities to ionize atoms. While natural background radiation exposes people to around 2 millisieverts per year, high doses from events like nuclear accidents or weapons can cause immediate illness and death due to damage to skin, blood, and other tissues. Long-term effects include increased cancer risk believed to be caused by radiation damaging DNA and altering cell reproduction.
Possible health effects_of_nuclear_crisis_1
The document discusses the potential health effects of radiation exposure from the Fukushima nuclear crisis. It explains that there are two types of radiation: non-ionizing and ionizing. Ionizing radiation, which includes gamma rays and X-rays, can cause cancer if a person is exposed in large enough doses. Symptoms of radiation exposure include nausea, fatigue, vomiting, hair loss and diarrhea. The document also notes that radioactive iodine and cesium emitted from the Fukushima plant can be absorbed by the body and pose health risks, particularly to children, if exposure levels are high enough. It concludes that while not all radiation is dangerous, increased exposure could raise cancer risks.
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Nuclear radiation health_effects
1) Authorities sheltered over 170,000 people within 12 miles of the nuclear plant and distributed iodine tablets to those within 20 miles. At least 200 people were exposed to radiation.
2) Radiation is categorized as ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation like x-rays and gamma rays is more dangerous as it can destroy chemical bonds and cause cancer.
3) Effects of radiation exposure depend on duration but initially include nausea, tiredness, vomiting, and later hair loss, diarrhea, and potentially organ damage and death at higher exposures.
Radiation and it’s effect in human life
Radiation comes from natural and manmade sources and can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Natural sources include cosmic radiation from space, terrestrial radiation from the Earth's crust, and internal radiation from isotopes inside the human body. Manmade sources include X-rays, nuclear power, and wireless technologies. Radiation can damage human tissue depending on the amount, with effects including hair loss, reduced blood cell count, gastrointestinal issues, and increased cancer risk with higher exposures. Proper shielding, protective equipment, limiting exposure time, and monitoring with dosimeters can help reduce radiation risks.
Atomic Radiation Is More Harmful To Women and Children_Mary Olson_NIRS
Atomic radiation is more harmful to women and children according to this document. There is no safe dose of radiation exposure - even a single emission from a radioactive nucleus can start a fatal cancer. Both the EPA and NRC acknowledge there is no safe threshold of exposure. Data from human populations supports this. Nuclear energy releases are considered "clean" only because radiation is invisible, but routine releases still occur and can contaminate large areas in accidents. Standards assume the individual getting a dose is an adult male, but women and children are more vulnerable to radiation-induced health effects. Better protection is needed given what is known about differential impacts across the lifecycle.
Sl 1
Radioactivity is the ability of a material to emit radiation. There are two types of damage caused by radiation: acute effects that cause immediate damage to tissues and cells; and delayed effects that cause long-term issues like cancer through damage to genes. The probability of delayed effects increases the more radiation one is exposed to. It is important to avoid radiation exposure as much as possible to prevent serious illness. The radioactivity of radioactive substances decreases over time through half-lives, with different elements having different half-lives ranging from a few days to decades. Exposure can be prevented by not touching radioactive materials, keeping distance, and using shielding.
Environmental Health: Radiation
There are two main types of radiation: electromagnetic waves and accelerated subatomic particles. Radiation can also be categorized as ionizing or non-ionizing, with ionizing radiation including sources like cosmic rays, radioactive minerals, medical technology like X-rays, and nuclear activities. Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation can cause acute effects like nausea and vomiting, while low levels are associated with increased risks of cancer and genetic mutations.
Acute radiation syndrome
Acute Radiation Syndrome (Radiation Sickness) is caused by large doses of ionizing radiation over a short period of time. Ionizing radiation damages the body by producing free radicals that break and form new chemical bonds, as well as physically damaging DNA and proteins. The severity of symptoms from radiation exposure depends on the dose received, with mild exposure between 1-2 Grays causing nausea and vomiting, moderate exposure between 2-6 Grays including diarrhea and bleeding, and severe exposure over 6 Grays leading to organ failure and potentially death.
Non ionising radiation
This document discusses hazards from non-ionizing radiation and principles of control. It defines non-ionizing radiation as photons with energy less than 12.4 eV and describes its regions including ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and radiofrequency. The main hazards are tissue heating from absorption of energy and photochemical interactions from UV. Effects include eye damage, skin burns, cancer, and damage to internal organs. Control methods include shielding, containment, distance, reducing exposure time, and personal protective equipment.
Radiation poisoning
Radiation poisoning can occur from localized or whole body exposure to ionizing radiation, which can damage DNA, RNA, and proteins directly or through free radicals. Large doses can cause cell death while lower doses may interfere with cell proliferation. Clinical symptoms depend on the dose but can include radiation burns, gastrointestinal issues, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular collapse, and central nervous system effects. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, blood tests to check for blood cell abnormalities, and using dosimeters or survey meters to determine radiation levels. Treatment focuses on decontamination, chelation therapies for some metals, bone marrow stimulants, antibiotics, and corticosteroids.
Possible health
1. The document discusses the dangerousness of nuclear power plants and nuclear bombs. Radial rays emitted from nuclear power plants can cause people within 12 miles to evacuate and people within 20 miles to close windows and stay indoors.
2. There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing and ionizing. Ionizing radiation is harmful and can cause cancer, break chemical bonds, and have other adverse health effects on people including vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, and death.
3. Nuclear bombs emit x-rays and gamma rays, which are ionizing radiation, and caused many deaths in Hiroshima in 1945. In conclusion, ionizing radiation from nuclear power
L2a
The document discusses sources of background radiation that people are exposed to on a daily basis. It states that the largest sources of radiation exposure are cosmic rays, radon gas inhaled from the air, radioactive potassium-40 from food, and gamma rays from rocks and building materials. The document also notes that while radiation can potentially damage DNA and cause health issues, most people live without harm from the levels of background radiation they experience.
X ray production 2
X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons generated in a vacuum tube collide with a metal target, usually tungsten. This causes the electrons to lose energy, which is re-emitted from the target in the form of x-ray radiation. To prevent overheating, the target uses a rotating anode and circulating oil, with copper used for the anode mountings.
Article2
1) When atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, radiation doses were considerably higher than normal levels.
2) Radiation exposure can cause acute radiation sickness by damaging white blood cells and reducing platelet counts, making victims vulnerable to infection and bleeding.
3) In addition to immediate deaths from burns, many people in Hiroshima and Nagasaki died later from radiation poisoning as radioactive materials released in the explosions gradually caused worsening symptoms and eliminated the body's natural healing abilities.
Radiation posioning
Radiation poisoning, also known as radiation sickness, can occur from exposure to ionizing radiation and results in symptoms depending on the dose. Effects range from mild skin reddening at low doses to life-threatening complications involving the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and neurological systems at high doses. Diagnosis involves monitoring blood counts and markers. Treatment focuses on decontamination, chelation therapy, growth factors and supportive care, with potassium iodide used specifically for radioactive iodine exposure. Prevention emphasizes limiting unnecessary radiation exposure through protective measures and evacuation when advised.
EUS2_How the Harmful Effects of Radiation can Affect Human Health
The document discusses the harmful effects of radiation on human health. It outlines the history of understanding radiation hazards from studies of radium dial painters, uranium miners, early medical workers and atomic bomb survivors. It defines radiation exposure and ionizing radiation, and describes the chain of biological events that can occur following radiation exposure, including effects on cells and tissues. The document concludes by discussing radiation protection practices aimed at limiting risk to people and the environment by keeping radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Basic radiation 061706
This document provides an overview of basic radiation concepts including:
1) It describes different types of radiation including alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron radiation and how they interact with matter.
2) It discusses radiation safety principles such as minimizing time, distance, and using shielding to reduce radiation exposure.
3) It explains why we need to measure radiation today including uses in medicine, industry, and to detect potential radiological threats from lost radioactive sources or radiological dispersion devices.
Sinar Gamma
Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted from radioactive substances. They have the highest energy and shortest wavelength of the three main types of nuclear radiation. Gamma rays are often used in medical applications like radiosurgery to destroy tumors without surgery. They are generated within atomic nuclei during radioactive decay. Notable scientists in gamma ray history include Antoine Henri Becquerel who discovered natural radioactivity in uranium in 1896, and Paul Villard who discovered gamma rays in 1900 while studying radiation emitted from radium.
Radiology
X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that can pass through materials and damage living cells. Ionizing radiation deposits energy in cells which can cause biological damage at the sub-cellular, cellular, organ and whole organism levels. The most sensitive cells to radiation damage are growth, gonadal, neoplastic and metabolically active cells. Acute radiation exposure over a short time can cause hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and cerebral effects, while long-term low-dose chronic exposure is linked to increased risk of cancer, cataracts and life shortening. Both direct and indirect ionization can damage cells through excitation or alteration of atoms and molecules.
Ionic Radius & its Trends
Ionic radius is calculated by measuring the distance between two ion nuclei according to their sizes. Cations have a smaller radius than their parent atoms due to electron loss increasing the effective nuclear charge. Anions have a larger radius than their parent atoms due to electron gain decreasing the effective nuclear charge. Ionic radius decreases across a period as proton number and effective nuclear charge increase, making the nucleus attract electrons more strongly. Ionic radius increases down a group as the energy level and shielding effect increase, weakening nuclear attraction.
Health Effects Of Radiation Exposure
The document discusses the health effects of radiation exposure. It provides an overview of radiation sources and the types of radiation. Ionizing radiation can damage DNA and lead to cancer or other health issues. The risk of cancer increases with higher radiation exposure but some risk exists even at low doses according to linear no-threshold models. Medical imaging is a major source of radiation exposure from diagnostic tests like CT scans.
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Atomic Radiation Is More Harmful To Women and Children_Mary Olson_NIRS
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Radiation can kill or change living cells. The biological effects of radiation depend on the type of radiation, the absorbing tissue, and the total absorbed energy. Different types of radiation have different effects on cells due to their varying abilities to ionize atoms. While natural background radiation exposes people to around 2 millisieverts per year, high doses from events like nuclear accidents or weapons can cause immediate illness and death due to damage to skin, blood, and other tissues. Long-term effects include increased cancer risk believed to be caused by radiation damaging DNA and altering cell reproduction.
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1. The document summarizes a presentation given by Professor Wade Allison and Professor Akira Tokuhiro arguing that low levels of nuclear radiation are not harmful and current safety regulations are too strict.
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The document discusses nuclear hazards and radiation. It defines nuclear reactions like fusion and fission, and notes they can release energy. The main sources of nuclear radiation are natural sources like radon, and anthropogenic sources like nuclear power plants and accidents. Exposure to radiation above certain levels can cause health effects ranging from mild sickness to death. The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 in Ukraine resulted from a power surge and explosions, releasing radiation over Europe. It required large evacuations and has been linked to increased cancer rates. Shielding, distance and limiting exposure time can help control radioactive pollution risks.
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An earthquake and tsunami in Japan damaged the Fukushima nuclear power plant, releasing radioactive material. The document summarizes the health effects of radiation exposure. It explains that ionizing radiation can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, while non-ionizing radiation is generally safe. The effects of ionizing radiation depend on exposure levels and can include nausea, fatigue, hair loss, organ damage, and death at higher levels.
SW3 7 19_no_1
An earthquake and tsunami in Japan damaged the Fukushima nuclear power plant, releasing radioactive material. The document summarizes the health effects of radiation exposure. It explains that ionizing radiation can break chemical bonds and cause cancer, while non-ionizing radiation is generally safe. The effects of ionizing radiation depend on exposure levels and can include nausea, fatigue, hair loss, organ damage, and death at higher levels.
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Radiations can affect human health and cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and hair loss. Exposure to radiation decreases white blood cells and can lead to cancers like leukemia and lung cancer. The atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 exposed many people to high levels of radiation and caused much suffering. Nuclear power plant accidents like at Three Mile Island have also led to radiation exposure incidents. While radiation has medical uses like cancer treatment, excessive exposure can have negative health effects.
Nuclear hazard
Radioactive pollution poses risks to human health and the environment. Sources of radiation include natural sources like cosmic rays and radioactive materials in the Earth's crust, as well as man-made sources from nuclear power generation, medical technology, mining, and nuclear weapons testing and fallout. Exposure to radiation can cause both acute and long-term health effects depending on dose, radiation type, and exposure duration, ranging from radiation sickness to cancer and genetic mutations. Proper disposal and containment of nuclear waste, along with safety regulations and monitoring, are needed to reduce risks from radioactive pollution.
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The document discusses the dangers of radiation from nuclear power plants and nuclear bombs. It notes that radiation within 20 miles of a power plant can be dangerous, and that people within 12 miles of the Fukushima plant were able to take shelter. It also explains that there are two types of radiation: ionizing radiation, which can cause cancer, and nonionizing radiation, which is safer and used in devices like microwaves and cell phones. Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation from a nuclear bomb or accident can cause nausea, tiredness, vomiting, hair loss, diarrhea, and increased risk of death.
Learning more about radioactivity by AREVA - 2005 publication
Radioactivity comes from unstable atomic nuclei that spontaneously emit radiation. Some elements like uranium and radium are naturally radioactive, while other radioisotopes have been artificially produced. Radioactivity is measured using units like becquerel (disintegrations per second), gray (energy absorbed), and sievert (biological effects on exposure). Proper shielding, distance, and limiting exposure time can help protect against radiation.
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The rem is the unit used to measure radiation dosage, with higher doses causing more harm to living tissue. Doses of 25-100 rems can cause detectable changes but no immediate harm, while doses over 100 rems cause radiation sickness symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Doses over 450 rems result in death for half of those exposed, and doses over 800 rems are always fatal. Survivors of radiation exposure also face increased long-term cancer risks. Both the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Chernobyl disaster released radiation that caused many deaths from initial exposure and later illnesses. While there are no effective treatments for high radiation doses, treatments for lower doses include blood transfusions and
Article1
There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing radiation like infrared, radio waves, and cell phone radiation that we are exposed to in daily life which does not destroy chemical bonds or cause cancer. Ionizing radiation like X-rays and gamma rays is much more dangerous and can be emitted during nuclear power plant accidents, spreading radioactive materials like radioactive iodine and cesium with half-lives of up to 30 years that can contaminate crops.
Article1
There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing radiation like infrared, radio waves, and cell phone radiation that we are exposed to in daily life which does not destroy chemical bonds or cause cancer. Ionizing radiation like X-rays and gamma rays is much more dangerous and can be emitted during nuclear power plant accidents, spreading radioactive materials like radioactive iodine and cesium with half-lives of up to 30 years that can contaminate crops.
Ionizing Radiation & Health
This document discusses ionizing radiation and its health effects. It defines ionizing radiation as radiation with enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or ionize them. Sources of ionizing radiation include alpha, beta, gamma rays, x-rays and neutrons. Exposure to ionizing radiation can cause both acute effects like radiation sickness and chronic effects like cancer. The risk depends on the type of radiation, dose amount and exposure duration. Units used to measure radiation include the sievert (health effect), gray (energy absorbed), rem and rad. Natural and medical sources contribute most to human radiation exposure.
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Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
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Diagnosis and Staging
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
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Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
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Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
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Possible health effects
- 1. Possible Health Effects of Nuclear Crisis s1180054, Yoshinobu Kimezawa
- 2. Introduction Following Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, a large amount of radiation was released. Here is a opinion about radiation exposures and effects on human health on the accident.
- 3. Is All Radiation Harmful? There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing and ionizing. Non-ionizing radiation: If it is very intense, it can heat up tissues. Otherwise, it does not have significant effects. It is not believed to cause cancer. Ionizing radiation: It is much more dangerous because it does break chemical bonds and thus does cause cancer.
- 4. What Happens When Someone is Exposed to Ionizing Radiation? First stage(Slight exposure): Nausea and fatigue, then vomiting. After that comes hair loss and diarrhea Second stage(Heavy exposure): Destruction of the intestinal lining and worse diarrhea and dehydration, then central nervous system damage. After that comes loss of consciousness and, inevitably, death.
- 5. Radiation Released from Nuclear Plants and One from Nuclear Bomb Nuclear bomb: It produces two types of radiation that have lethal effects. The blast itself produces X-rays and gamma rays. Nuclear plant: Fukushima is not emitting gamma or X-irradiation. Most of the radioactivity is in the form of radiocesium and radioiodine, which are byproducts of the fission of uranium in the fuel rods.
- 6. How much Exposure is Enough to Make Someone Sick? The biological risk of exposure to radiation is measured in sieverts(Sv). 500,000 μSv/h: Nausea and fatigue within hours. 750,000 μSv/h: Hair loss within two or three weeks, 1 million μSv/h: Hemorrhage. 4 million μSv/h: Death
- 7. How much Radiation Have People in Japan been Exposed to? How risky is it? Radiation levels are more higher near Fukushima nuclear power plant. However, radiation levels in Tokyo have been 10 times normal, which is still very low.
- 8. Conclusion Fukushima nuclear power plant accident is serious. However, the accident is not the same as Chernobyl's at all. Although, after the accident, bad health consequence of human would not appear soon, Japan have to work on a health problem over the long term.