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 Kohei Kadowaki, Shinji Nakajima,
Hiroki Kato, and Shinya Maeyama as
Doshisha University NISLab++
Primary education
Sudan: Less than 50%
                  attend elementary
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alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary
schooling”
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教科書購入費用(小学校6年間)
日本
294冊×約300円
計 約90000円
文部科学省, 2008
http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/kyoukasho/mokuroku/20/shougaku/index.htm#a001


コートジボワール
6年間×約19000FCFA(1FCFA≒0.2円)
計 約22800円
堀田泰司, 2001
http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/metadb/up/kiyo/AN10281005/Hiroshima-IntStudentCenter-kiyo_12_11.p



コートジボワールの一人当たりGDP(購買力平価換算)
USD1737
経済社会データランキング, 2007
http://dataranking.com/table.cgi?LG=j&TP=ne03-2&RG=9&FL=
未就学児童
小学校未就学の児童数:約7700万人(125カ国)
男子:3300万人
女子:4400万人

途上国での義務教育(小中学校)の就学率
小学校:85%
中学校:49.5%
■このうち
  サブサハラアフリカの児童 37%
  南西アジアの児童 34%
  東アジア及び大洋州諸国の児童 13%
■成人非識字者全体の66%は女性

フリー・ザ・チルドレン・ジャパン, 2008
http://www.ftcj.com/aboutchildren/education.html
就学率

低い国(一部)
初等教育 コンゴ民主共和国(ザイール) - 粗就学率は男51女46 純就学率は不明
スーダン - 粗就学率は男64女56 純就学率は男47女39
サウジアラビア - 粗就学率は男69女66 純就学率は男62女57
ジブチ - 粗就学率は男44女35 純就学率は男36女29
ニジェール - 粗就学率は男52女37 純就学率は男46女32
中等教育 ウガンダ - 粗就学率は男18女14 純就学率は男14女12
ギニアビサウ - 粗就学率は男23女13 純就学率は男11女6
セネガル - 粗就学率は男22女16 純就学率は男18女13
チャド - 粗就学率は男23女7 純就学率は男16女5
ニジェール - 粗就学率は男9女6 純就学率は男8女5
ブルキナファソ - 粗就学率は男14女10 純就学率は男11女8
マダガスカル - 粗就学率は男14女14 純就学率は男11女11
モーリタニア - 粗就学率は男22女18 純就学率は男16女13
モザンビーク - 粗就学率は男13女9 純就学率は男5女4
就学率

男女差の大きい国
初等教育 掲載基準:粗・純どちらかで男-女が20以上、女-男が7以上
アフガニスタン(教育) - 粗就学率は男127女56 純就学率は不明
ギニアビサウ - 粗就学率は男84女56 純就学率は男53女37
シエラレオネ - 粗就学率は男169女122 純就学率は不明
チャド - 粗就学率は男86女56 純就学率は男68女46
パキスタン - 粗就学率は男95女69 純就学率は男76女56
ベナン - 粗就学率は男111女86 純就学率は男93女72
リベリア - 粗就学率は男115女83 純就学率は男74女58
イラン - 粗就学率は男98女108 純就学率は男89女88
セントクリストファー・ネイビス - 粗就学率は男98女105 純就学率は男91女98
中等教育 掲載基準:粗・純どちらかで男-女が20以上
アフガニスタン - 粗就学率は男25女5 純就学率は不明
トーゴ - 粗就学率は男52女26 純就学率は男30女14

Wikipedia, 2009
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6%E7%8E%87
就学率の改善
■初等教育純就学率(男:女)
サハラ以南アフリカ:(80:67)→(102:91)
中東と北アフリカ:(98:88)→(100:94)
南アジア:(99:81)→(109:90)

■初等教育純出席率(男:女)
サハラ以南アフリカ:(61:57)→(64:60)
中東と北アフリカ:(85:75)→(89:86)
南アジア:(74:62)→(81:79)

■小学校第一学年に入学した児童が第5学年に在学する率
サハラ以南アフリカ:66 → 88
中東と北アフリカ:88 → 91
南アジア:54 → 94



世界子供白書2001(1995-99で取得可能な最新データ)
世界子供白書2008(2000-06で取得可能な最新データ)
教科書と学習
教科書の様な学校のリソースがどの程度学力に影響するかは[…]途上
国における72 の研究では,77%でその効果が確認されている。[…]
教科書やノート教材がないことは途上国の生徒の学力達成に強い影響
を与える。例えば,Lockheed, Vali, & Fuller (1986)は,タイの4030 人
の8 年生と99 名の数学教師を対象に、教科書の効果について調べた。
その結果,教師の教育程度よりも教科書の方がずっと大きく生徒のテ
スト成績の向上に影響すること,教科書の使用は1学年の1/3も学
習を加速させることを見いだしている。




発展途上国の理数科教育開発に関する基礎的研究, 隅 田 学
http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/cice/sumida3-1.pdf

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