Political science began as early as Aristotle, who wrote "Politics" and was considered the "Father of Political Science". It developed through religious, metaphysical, and modern stages. It is now recognized as a science due to its use of empirical methods and theory-building. Political science involves the study of the state, political theory, institutions, groups, international relations, and aims to understand principles of governance and critique government.

1. QUIZ
November 23, 2009
Why do people sometimes have the wrong idea of political
science?
How does society in various stages of the development of
political science viewed leaders and state?
Explain Aristotle statements “Man is by nature a political
animal.”
Give a timely illustration about Machiavelli’s principle “the
end justifies the mean.”
State and explain at least one reason why scholars then, did
not recognize political science as a science.
(5 points each)

2. POLITICAL SCIENCE I
POLITICS
and
GOVERNANCE
DAVAO MEDICAL SCHOOL FOUNDATION
CHRISTOPHER D. BALUBAYAN
INSTRUCTOR III

3. OBJECTIVES
1. To understand why do people have the wrong idea of
political science
2. Define the meaning of political science
3. Analyze Aristotle statements and trace why he gained
the title as “Father of Political Science”
4. Describe the various stages of the development of
political science
5. Trace how political science evolve as an independent
field of study
6. Innumerate the sub-topics in political science
7. Point out the pros and cons of political science as a
scientific field of inquiry
8. Internalize the importance of studying political science

4. Negative Attribution
“Poly Sigh”
“Political
Sayang”
“Pollutical
Science”
“Fool Sight”
POLITICAL
SCIENCE

5. THOMAS MANN
20th Century
is the
Age of
PoliticsJune 6 1875 – August 12 1955
Anti-fascist and was a German
novelist, short story writer, social
critic, philanthropist, essayist, and
1929 Nobel Prize recipient

6. Make an Acronym Description of PolSci
in Relation to its Influence to Man
P
O
L
S
C
I

7. Definition of Political Science
The systematic study of State and Government
“POLITICAL”
derived from the Greek word “POLIS” meaning “a
city-state”
“POLIS”
is the only form of government known to the ancient
Greeks, equivalent to the present sovereign state
“SCIENCE”
came from the word “CIENCIA” means “knowledge
or study “SCIRE” means “to know”
“POLITES” means “citizen”
“POLITIKOS” means “government official”
“POLITIKO”
in Filipino has come to mean a politician or someone
involved in government and politics

8. •Political Science began as early as the 14th century B.C.
when Aristotle wrote “Politics”
POLITICS
was the first systematic work on
Political Affairs which was written about 335-332 B.C.,
won him a title of “Father of political Science
The Birth and Development
of Political Science
•As a branch of modern learning, political science
has undergone three chronological stages of
development to wit:
RELIGIOUS
STAGE
METAPHYSICAL
STAGE
MODERN
STAGE

9. NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI
died in 1527 and a cenotaph honoring him was
erected at the Church of Santa Croce, Florence
TANTO NOMINI NULLUM PAR ELOGIUM
“No eulogy would be adequate to praise so great a
name”
FATHER OF MODERN POLITICAL SCIENCE

10. RELIGIOUS STAGE
The government with its
leaders and laws was
considered as divine or
divinely-inspired
This stage began during
the prehistoric era or
before recorded history
and continued as long as
the divine right of kings
was supported on 18th
century
METAPHYSICAL STAGE
During this stage , the state
was considered as a human
institution, no longer divine,
but it was almost
worshipped as a perfect
institution
This began with the ancient
Greeks
Aristotle and Plato thought
that the state was the means
to develop the highest
potential of the individual
ARISTOTLE
“Man is by nature a political
animal”
MODERN STAGE
The state was still considered
as a human institution but it
was deemed capable of
being improved by rulers and
subjects according to certain
principles and laws
This stage was adhered by
Niccolo Machiavelli,
a Renaissance writer of
The Prince
This was a handbook for
rulers in the art of
government which serves as
the basis for him to be
credited as the
“Father of Modern Politics”

11. • Political Science first
attained recognition
as a separate field of
study in 1856
• Prof. Francis Lieber
• a German-born
American scholar
wrote Manual of
Political Ethics
• It is the first
systematic treatise in
Political Science
published in the US
• It was the Americans
who first made the
study of politics a
separate course of
study
COLUMBIA
UNIVERSITY
• In 1886, 21 years after
the Civil War in America,
various books on
political science
appeared
• Some of the prominent
writers and academic
experts were T.D.
Woolsey, Woodrow
Wilson, and James Bryce
• Woodrow Wilson
• was a professor of
political science and
president of Princeton
University who become
one of the America’s
greatest presidents
(1913-1921)
PRINCETON
UNIVERSITY • Americans founded the
first courses on political
science and encouraged
Filipinos in the study of
government
• In 1908, the University
of the Philippines was
founded by the
American colonial
government with a
department of political
science
• The study of political
science, as a
preparation for a legal
career, government
service or diplomacy,
became one of the
most popular career
choices for Filipinos
UNIVERSITY OF
THE PHILIPPINES

12. SCOPE of POLITICAL SCIENCE
• Dealt with the study of the entire body of doctrines relating to the origin,
form, behavior, and purposes of the state
POLITICAL THEORY
• Concerns with the study of
• The organization of governments
• The limitations upon government authority
• The powers and duties of governmental offices and officers
• The obligation of one state to another
• ALSO DEALS WITH:
• Constitutional Law
• Administrative Law
• International Law
PUBLIC LAW
• This focuses upon the methods and techniques used in the actual
management of state affairs by the Executive, legislative, and the Judicial
branches of government
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

13. INTERRELATIONSHIP
WITH OTHER
BRANCHES
OF
LEARNING
History
Economics
Geography
Sociology
and Anthropology
Psychology
Philosophy
Statistics
and
Logic
Jurisprudence

14. DIVISION of POLITICAL SCIENCE
POLITICAL THEORY
• History of Political Ideas
• Political Theory and Methodology
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
• The Constitution
• National Government (Executive, Legislative, Judiciary)
• Local Government
• Public Administration
• Comparative Political Institutions
PARTIES, GROUPS AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
• Political Parties and Election
• Pressure Groups and Associations
• Public Opinion
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
• International politics
• International organizations
• International Law

15. Before, scholars did not recognize political
science as a science because of the
following reasons
It has no standard criteria or
natural laws to observe and
evaluate its findings
Its raw materials are human
beings and their activities, which
considered unpredictable,
therefore there is no scientific
accuracy in politics
there is no consensus of opinion
among political scientists about
their methods and conclusions

16. Two reasons why
political science
finally won its spurs
as a science
The term science was
applied on it since it has
become a systematic
field of study, with
theories, principles, and
laws
Modern political scientists,
like their counterparts in the
other sciences, use
empirical methods,
mathematics and statistics,
and logic for their research
and analysis

17. To discover the
principles that
should be adhered
to in public affairs
To study the
operations of
government in order
to demonstrate what
is good, to criticize
what is bad, and to
suggest
improvements
Ours is the age of
politics, in which
government has
become the business
of everybody
To enables us to
know more about
our rights and
duties as citizens
To discuss with
good sense about
public issues
affecting our
society
To criticize
effectively cases of
incompetence and
dishonesty in
government
To avoid becoming
ignorant about the
state and everything
which concerns it
To broaden our
cultural
background
To provide needed
information for those
who intend to enter
the profession of law,
foreign service, public
administration,
business, education,
and journalism
WHY STUDY POLITICAL
SCIENCE?

18. GOALS in the STUDY of POLITICAL SCIENCE

19. QUIZ
November 23, 2009
1. The only form of government known to the ancient Greeks,
equivalent to the present sovereign state (Polis)
2. He was referred to as the “Father of modern political science”
(Niccolo Machiavelli)
3. Thomas Mann said, “20th Century is the _____ (Age of Politics)
4. During this stage , the state was considered as a human institution
and no longer divine (Metaphysical stage)
5. The first systematic treatise in Political Science published in the US
(Manual of Political Ethics)
6. The study of Local Government and Public Administration is under
what division of Political science? (Political Institution)
7. This was a handbook for rulers in the art of government (The Prince)
8. Dealt with the study of the entire body of doctrines relating to the
origin, form, behavior, and purposes of the state (Political Theory)
9. The first systematic work on political affairs which was written
about 335-332 BC (Politics)
10. professor of political science and president of Princeton University
who become one of the America’s greatest presidents (Woodrow
Wilson)