The document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, soil, light, thermal, radioactive, noise, and visual pollution. It defines pollution and identifies major pollutants. Specific causes of each type of pollution are outlined such as carbon dioxide emissions causing air pollution and sewage causing water pollution. The effects of pollution on health, environment and climate change are also summarized. Solutions to prevent further pollution are recommended like use of renewable energy and proper waste disposal.

1. PRESENTED BY
- N. DURGADEVI

2.  Environmental pollution: Any undesirable change in
physical, chemical and biological characteristics of any
component of the environment.
 Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as
influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful
effects, and uneasiness to the organisms.
 Pollutant: Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful
effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that
particular substance may be called as the pollutant.

3. AIR POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
SOIL POLLUTION
LIGHT POLLUTION
THERMAL POLLUTION
RADIO-ACTIVE POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
VISUAL POLLUTION

4.  Air pollution: The release of chemicals and
particulates into the atmosphere.
 Water pollution: The discharge of wastewater from
commercial and industrial waste into surface
waters.
 Soil pollution: Chemicals are released by spill or
underground leakage.
 Light pollution: It is excessive, misdirected, or
obtrusive artificial (usually outdoor) light.

5.  Thermal pollution: A temperature change in natural
water bodies caused by human influence.
 Radio-active pollution: The release of radioactive
substances or high-energy particles into the air,
water, or earth.
 Noise pollution: The disturbing or
excessive noise that may harm the activity or
balance of human or animal life.
 Visual pollution: An aesthetic issue and refers to
the impacts of pollution that impair one's ability to
enjoy a vista or view.

7.  Carbon dioxide-this happens because of
Deforestation and fossil fuel burning.
 Sulfur dioxide –Due to the burning of sulfur
containing compounds of fossil fuels.
 Sulfur oxides- very dangerous to humans at a
high concentration. Sulfur in the atmosphere is
responsible for acid rain.

8.  CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also
partially restricts infrared radiation going back from
the earth into space, which produces the so-called
greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of
the Earth during the night.
 CO2 in atmosphere --> GLOBAL WARMING.

10.  Sewage from domestic households, factories and
commercial buildings Sewage.
 Industrial waste from factories.
 Oil Pollution caused by oil spills from tankers and
oil from ship travel.
 Dumping solid wastes and littering by humans in
rivers, lakes and oceans.
 An increase in water temperature.

11.  Groundwater contamination from pesticides causes
reproductive damage within wildlife in ecosystems.
 Industrial chemicals and agricultural pesticides that
end up in aquatic environments can accumulate in
fish that are later eaten by humans.
 Ecosystems are destroyed by the rising
temperature in the water.
 Oil spills in the water causes animal to die when
they ingest it or encounter it. Oil does not dissolve
in water so it causes suffocation in fish and birds.

13.  The industrial waste lingers in the soil surface for a
long time and makes it unsuitable for use.
 Modern pesticides and fertilizers seep into the
ground after they mix with water and slowly
reduce the fertility of the soil.
 Oil leaks can happen during storage and transport
of chemicals, that deteriorates the quality of soil
and make them unsuitable for cultivation.
 The polluted water(Acid rain) could dissolve away
some of the important nutrients found in soil and
change the structure of the soil.

14.  Crops and plants grown on polluted soil absorb
much of the pollution and then pass these on to us.
 The ecological balance of any system gets affected
due to the widespread contamination of the soil.
 The toxic chemicals present in the soil can
decrease soil fertility and therefore decrease in the
soil yield.
 The death of many soil organisms (e.g.
earthworms) in the soil can lead to alteration in
soil structure.

16.  The intrusive light falling inside our rooms from
outside at night is a kind of light pollution called
light trespass.
 Large industrial and residential areas cause light
clutter.
 Excessive and immoderate use of lighting causes
over-illumination which is also a type of light
pollution.

17.  Lighting takes up a huge portion of energy
consumption in the world.
 Over-illumination may cause increased headache,
fatigue, stress and anxiety.
 Glare from outdoor lighting decreases our vision
and increases chances of accidents at light.
 Light pollution prevents the natural reduction of
photochemical smog at night which consequently
increases atmospheric pollution.

19.  Water as Cooling Agent in Power, Manufacturing
and Industrial plants.
 Consistent soil erosion causes water bodies to rise,
making them more exposed to sunlight.
 Deforestation is also a main cause of the higher
concentrations of greenhouse gases i.e. global
warming in the atmosphere.
 Natural causes like volcanoes and geothermal
activity under the oceans and seas can trigger
warm lava to raise the temperature of water
bodies.

20.  The warm temperature reduces the levels of DO
(Dissolved Oxygen) in water.
 With the constant flow of high temperature
discharge from industries, there is a huge increase
in toxins.
 A dent in the biological activity in the water may
cause significant loss of biodiversity.
 A sudden thermal shock can result in mass killings
of fish, insects, plants or amphibians.

22.  Dumping of solid and liquid radioactive wastes.
 Pollution due to underwater nuclear weapon testing
and explosions.
 Radioactive pollution caused due to water streams and
other water run offs from nuclear testing sites.
 The atmospheric radioactive fallout mainly due to
cosmic particle shower or due to entry of extra-
terrestrial materials from deep space.
 Radioactive pollution that are caused due to the
accidents in deep sea weapon testing, aircrafts and
ships carrying nuclear materials.

23.  Various disease initiation and their progression
depends upon multiple factors such as birth
defects, and adult onset diseases which are both
chronic as well as acute in nature.
 When a person gets exposed to high level of
radioactive material dose, it becomes a
reproductive hazard.
 The future generations could also get affected due
to such changes that take place in genetic set up of
the individual.

25.  Most of the industries use big machines which are
capable of producing large amount of noise.
 Noise is at its peak in most of the social events.
 Large number of vehicles on roads, airplanes flying
over houses, underground trains produce heavy
noise.
 Under construction activities like mining,
construction of bridges, dams, buildings, stations,
roads, flyovers take place in almost every part of
the world.

26.  Any unwanted sound that our ears have not been
built to filter can cause problems within the body.
 Excessive noise pollution in working areas can
influence psychological health.
 Loud noise can certainly hamper your sleeping
pattern and may lead to irritation and
uncomfortable situations.
 Wildlife faces far more problems than humans
because noise pollution since they are more
dependent on sound.

28.  Haze due to dust and air pollution.
 Telecommunication and electric wires and poles.
 Urban Jungle- House constructed with bad design.
 Smoke spewing chimneys of factories.
 Signboards, Billboards.
 Barren lands and deforestation.

29.  Billboards and advertisements on highway roads can
distract drivers and cause accidents.
 Depression, Stress and Anxiety due to bad views.
 Loss of tourism income.
 A building that is made entirely of glass can reflect
sunlight, which is dangerous for the people who are
driving.

30.  Never use open fires to dispose of wastes.
 Use eco-friendly or biodegradable materials instead of
plastic.
 Have a proper waste disposal system especially for
toxic wastes
 Never throw, run or drain or dispose into the water, air,
or land any substance in solid, liquid or gaseous form
that shall cause pollution.
 Do not cause loud noises and unwanted sounds to avoid
noise pollution.

31.  Industries should use fuel with lower sulphur
content.
 Industries should strictly follow applicable
government regulations on pollution control.
 Organic waste should be dumped in places far from
residential areas.
 Reconnect with nature. Live green by using green
power supplied abundantly and freely by wind and
the sun.
 Choose to walk or ride a bicycle whenever possible.
With this eco-friendly practice, you will also be
healthier and happier by staying fit.

32.  http://greencleanguide.com/environmental-
pollution-control-water-air-and-land/
 http://www.differencebetween.info/different-
types-of-pollution
 http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-
and-effects-of-noise-pollution.php
 http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/nuclear-
chemistry/radioactive-pollution.html

33.  https://www.sciencetopia.net/pollution/light/caus
es-effects
 https://www.slideshare.net/halalarahman/visual-
pollution-34346260
 http://dailytimes.com.pk/world/01-Jun-16/air-
pollution-may-raise-high-blood-pressure-risk
 http://www.gogreenacademy.com/causes-and-
effects-of-water-pollution/
 https://www.slideshare.net/dhanulachu1419/pres-
28159541