Political informatics: which e-participation for NGOs?

1) Electronic participation refers to ICT-supported participation in government and governance processes, including administration, service delivery, decision making, and policy making. 2) NGOs have needs in the area of e-participation including partnerships, education/training, funding, technical support, and human resources. 3) There are challenges to e-participation development in Southeast Europe including a development gap, unclear best practices, and political, social, cultural and legal issues that require cross-border cooperation and a regional approach.

Partners or Foes?
Exchange of Good Practices in Monitoring of Government Policies and Processes in
Enlargement Countries
Skopje, Macedonia, 4th of July 2012

New Technologies and Participation: A Cure or a Pretext?

Political informatics:
which e-participation for NGOs?
Simon Delakorda, M.Sc.

www.inepa.si / www.inepa.eu

Institute for Electronic Participation

Electronic participation refers to...


“ICT-supported participation in processes involved in
government and governance. Processes may concern
administration, service delivery, decision making and policy
making.” (Rose et al 2007, 3)

ICTs & political democracy

Models of democracy
Elitist-
Legalist Pluralist Plebiscitary Participatory
competitive
e-access x x x x x
e-petition x x
e -democr acy techniques

e-consultation x x x
e-voting x x
e-referendum x
e-forum x x x
e-poll x x x

Source: Delakorda, 2003

Societal conflicts
management
Innovative approach Good governance

Transparency
of participation

Legitimacy

Accountable
Source: www.evropske-razprave.si decisions

Stakeholders Argumentative
inputs facilitation responsiveness

Meaningful results Administration of
delivery relevant information

Since 2006...


more than 1.000 published contributions

25.000 unique visitors

9 consultation reports from facilitators

17 official feedback from MEPs

ePractice Editors Choice recognition 2007

Informal learning NEFIKS recognition 2011

Strengths and weaknesses
strengths weaknesses
low costs “click democracy”

easy to implement critical mass

easy to use political power game
e-petition
viral dissemination impact?

community building privacy / security

deliberation complexity

interactivity user-centred design

users generated content resources
e-consultation
institutionalization facilitation
impact (feedback)?
to je test 11 privacy / security

Needs of NGOs in e-participation area


Central and Eastern European Citizen's Network (CEE CN) and
Institute for Electronic Participation (INePA) 2012 survey:

- partnerships / networking
- education / training
- funding
- technical support
- human resources

to je test 12

Present & future developments

NGOs Political parties Governance

grass-roots digital pirate politics e-governance
democracy
swarm citizens sourcing
user participation
liquid democracy citizens driven participation
user-centered design
inner party democracy co-creation
user-generated content
adhocracy open innovation
openness
political innovation collective opinions /
collective intelligence governance
global dimension
collaboration continuous engagement
community building life event / identity driven
engagement

Democratic risks of digital society


digital inequality

internet control*

commodification of internet

technocratic e-government*

fake e-participation*

* Essential for non-governmental organizations to address these
issues as e-democracy intermediaries (research, advocacy and
watchdogging).

e-Participation challenges for
South East Europe


e-Participation development gap

unclear state of the art

political, social, cultural and legal issues

addressing common regional issues based on cross-border
cooperation

a unique eParticipation potential in relation to the western
Europe (regional approach to eDemocracy)

Institute for Electronic Participation – INePA NGO

simon.delakorda@inepa.si

Povšetova ulica 37, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

P: +386 41 365 529

www.inepa.si / www.inepa.eu

facebook.com/zavod.inepa

twitter.com/Institut_INePA

Institute for ElectroncParticipation

In this report I examine the possibilities t offered by new technologies, such as the Internet, informatics devices and telecommunications, to improve legitimacy. I will be focusing specially in local institutions, like the city council of Illescas. Due this space allows implementing these tools faster with less cost and risk. From this point, I distinguish four fields in which new technologies may be used in order to reach a remarkable political participation: 1) elections, 2) referendums, 3) transparency, and 4) legislative initiative. However, before assessing the possibilities of new technologies in the field of local democracy; I determine the requirements to succeed in our idea.

Diplomacy in era of digital governance theory and impact

Alexander Decker

This document discusses the impact of digital technology on diplomacy. It argues that while e-diplomacy offers benefits like improved access and integration, developing nations are restricted due to a digital divide. The Actor Network Theory is used to illustrate how digital technologies create interrelated networks in diplomatic relations, but that developing countries occupy a peripheral position in these networks. While e-diplomacy enhances communication and representation, it also reduces personal interaction and can compromise negotiations due to a lack of identity verification online. Developing nations also face weaknesses like low digital competence restricting their ability to utilize e-diplomatic tools and services.

E-consultations: New tools for civic engagement or facades for political corr...

ePractice.eu

E-consultations are emerging as a popular tool for civic engagement in policymaking. While they provide new opportunities for interaction between citizens and political actors, their actual impact on policy outcomes is less clear. Existing evidence suggests that citizen inputs from e-consultations are often arbitrarily integrated into policies and their inclusion depends on political will. This raises the question of whether e-consultations meaningfully engage citizens or merely serve as facades of political correctness in the online space.

Network of Excellence in Internet Science (JRA6, Virtual Communities, C. Mars...

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Citizen speak out: public e-Engagement experience of Slovakia

Anton Shynkaruk

The document discusses network society theory and its application to e-participation in Slovakia. It analyzes Slovakia's conditions for e-engagement, including social media use and key government e-participation projects. Network analysis methods are presented for evaluating the connectivity and centrality of Slovak regional and municipal portals. While Slovakia has developed electronic government services, most sites lack interactivity and citizen orientation.

CTDC 21st Century Solutions

Christopher Whitaker

This document discusses engaging low-income residents in civic tech and data collaboratives. It emphasizes that without intentionally including low-income people, projects risk only addressing issues raised by those who already have a voice. The document outlines challenges to engagement and provides examples of how three CTDC cities meaningfully involved residents. In St. Louis, residents helped shape a court information website through surveys. In Boston, youth were hired to contribute to all stages of a youth employment project. In Seattle, using plain language like "civic needs" worked better than "civic tech and data".

Saskia Sassen - Digital Formations of the Powerless slides

ttw2011

Digital networks unsettle standard meanings of knowledge by allowing widespread circulation. This informalizes and particularizes formalized knowledge. Networks open categories and trajectories for knowledge to exit institutional controls. Critical steps are informalizing knowledge and reassembling it into novel informal mixes, which can then feed into new political and economic conditions. Two cases examined are electronic financial networks and activist networks. Both utilize distributed access and interconnectivity but produce different outcomes due to non-technical variables like user social logics and objectives. Networks do not guarantee democratic or distributive outcomes but make globality a resource for diverse actors.

The document discusses research on using ICT tools to improve governance and policy modeling. It proposes: 1) Developing advanced tools and new governance models to engage citizens and groups in policymaking through mass collaboration platforms. 2) Creating real-time opinion visualization and policy modeling based on simulating people's behavior and wishes to develop next-generation public services. 3) Building a participatory roadmap on ICT for governance and policy modeling through discussion.

The effect of new technologies on civic participation models

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This document discusses how new information and communication technologies (ICT) can impact civic participation models in democracy. It begins by defining key terms like electronic democracy, e-participation, and e-tools. It then examines how ICT can both increase and potentially limit civic participation. ICT allows for more direct communication between citizens and government, removing barriers to participation. However, not all citizens have access or skills to use ICT, and online debates risk being dominated by a few vocal users. The document also analyzes conditions for online civic participation, noting benefits like improved access to information but also challenges like ensuring political awareness and "civic culture" among participants. While ICT offers new options, critics argue it

Knight civic-tech

February 2014 update: Since publishing our original report in December, 2013, we've received dozens of emails from peers in the budding civic tech community proposing additions. On Feb. 26, we released an updated version of the civic tech investment analysis, which includes an additional 34 companies and $265 million of investment. Find out more at http://kng.ht/1cPi3Ar. Investments by private capital funders and foundations in technology that spurs citizen engagement, improves cities and makes governments more effective is growing significantly, with more than $430 million going to the field between January 2011 and May 2013, according to a major report released today by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. The first report of its kind, “The Emergence of Civic Tech: Investments in a Growing Field,” provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of private capital and foundation investments in civic technology. It aims to help organizations and investors better understand civic tech funding, so that they can strengthen their work and help shape the field. The analysis applies a new approach to research and advances the use of data in the social sector; it showcases an interactive data visualization map that allows users to explore investments across multiple areas of civic tech. Find out more at www.knightfoundation.org/features/civictech

Wimax and Sustainability strategies

This document provides a guide to sustainability for community wireless networks. It defines sustainability as the ability of a project to continue operating beyond initial financing. Key factors for sustainability include social and community acceptance, legal and regulatory compliance, appropriate organizational structure, suitable technology, and financial viability. Examples of successful sustainable community networks from Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru are provided.

Community, gender and technology

1. The document discusses how information and communication technologies (ICTs) can impact human development in communities, with a focus on achieving gender equality and fairness of opportunities for women and men. 2. ICTs can make community contributions more visible, strengthen communication rights, and influence politics, attitudes, and behaviors, but must represent a plurality of voices. 3. Digital inclusion requires public policies, tools for participation, and understanding ICTs as tools for human development beyond just telecommunications.

Re-thinking E-Democracy

The document discusses challenges and future approaches to eDemocracy. It summarizes the vision and work of the Center for eGovernance Development to promote inclusive information societies in Southeast Europe. Some key challenges outlined are conceptualizing eDemocracy, ensuring positive ICT effects, engaging citizens and policymakers. Future approaches proposed include political will, strategy, inclusion, participation, and regional cooperation.

The role of ICT in active citizenship: contemporary aspects

Crowdsourcing and citizen engagement for people-centric smart cities

Elena Simperl

This document discusses how crowdsourcing and citizen science can be used to improve smart cities through collective intelligence. It describes how crowdsourcing involves solving problems through open crowds, using both paid microtasks and unpaid volunteering. Citizen science involves scientific research conducted by amateur scientists. The document outlines examples like using crowdsourcing to audit urban areas through a virtual street view tool. It emphasizes that citizen engagement projects must consider people's diverse motivations for participating and align incentives appropriately to encourage sustained involvement. Assessments of data quality and understanding participant behaviors are also important.

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The document analyzes examples of community engagement from 14 U.S. cities and identifies lessons learned and best practices. It finds that successful community engagement involves involving diverse groups of community members, using new tools like technology to draw in citizens, and focusing on sustainable efforts using multiple strategies. Key tactics for building community engagement include using open data, bringing different sectors together for problem solving, participatory budgeting, and developing civic skills in community members. The largest challenges are achieving broad participation, overcoming community divisions, and ensuring initiatives can continue with leadership and policy changes.

Legal and ethical issues in social capital analysis

Trilateral Research

An eGovernment survey among Austrian municipalitites

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The document summarizes the results of an eGovernment survey conducted among Austrian municipalities in 2008. Key findings include: - Municipalities saw a 13% decline in employees from 2002 to 2008 but no increase in IT staff. - 87% of municipalities did not plan new IT projects or e-services at the time due to exhaustion or limited resources. - Smaller municipalities had a higher ratio of IT employees to overall staff due to limited economies of scale. - The survey revealed a design flaw that overestimated broadband internet speeds in many areas.

Graham, Stephen "Software-sorted geographies." Progress in Human Geography 29...

Stephen Graham

This document summarizes emerging research on how computer software and code shape social and geographic inequalities. It discusses the concept of "software-sorting", where computerized systems continuously classify and separate privileged and marginalized groups through things like access controls, surveillance, and customized services. Three examples are reviewed: 1) physical and digital mobility systems, 2) online geographical information systems (GIS) that produce neighborhood classifications, and 3) facial recognition CCTV surveillance. The document argues that software-sorting facilitates the transition from public to privatized services and helps structure unequal access aligned with neoliberal political-economic shifts. While impacts are complex, software-sorting plays a key role in restructuring infrastructure and everyday life.

Applied e-democracy: the need for an information framework to support develop...

The document discusses the need for a conceptual framework to support the broad adoption and development of digital democracy or "e-democracy". It notes the urgency to implement information and communication technologies more widely in democratic processes given projected reductions in government workforces and budgets. However, developing high-quality e-democracy solutions is challenging. The authors propose a conceptual framework that maps democratic processes onto information processes to help stimulate faster and better quality development of e-democracy solutions. This framework would decompose democracy into functional steps like informing, deliberating, and decision-making.

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The document summarizes the results of an eGovernment survey conducted among Austrian municipalities in 2008. Key findings include: - Municipalities saw a 13% decline in employees since 2002 but no increase in IT staff. - 87% of municipalities did not plan new e-service projects due to exhaustion or lack of resources. - Smaller municipalities had a higher ratio of IT staff to overall employees compared to larger cities. - A mistake in the survey design flawed results about typical internet connection speeds among municipalities.

6. CMC

dunianyamaya

1. The document discusses theories around computer-mediated communication (CMC) and how it compares to face-to-face communication. CMC has advantages like reducing status hierarchies but lacks nonverbal cues. 2. Media richness theory states that face-to-face is the "richest" medium due to simultaneous cues, while CMC is leaner. However, modern technologies can compensate for some limitations. 3. The document concludes that planners need a comprehensive understanding of human barriers to using CMC, as well as its advantages and limitations, to effectively use virtual tools for collaborative planning.

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osimod

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Open data portals have been a primary source for publishing datasets from various sectors of administration, all over the world. However, making open data available does not necessarily lead to better utilisation from citizens and businesses. Our paper presents a new framework and a prototype system for supporting open application development by citizen communities, through gathering and making available open data and open web services sources from governmental actors, combined with an application development environment, training material and application examples. This is a presentation of Gov4All platform, a web site for managing citizen-driven development in Greece.

The Civic Tech timeline: a recent history (Matt Stempeck and Micah L. Sifry, ...

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This document discusses civic engagement and government success through cloud computing. It begins with an introduction to civic engagement and defines it. It then discusses responsibilities of government and challenges around budget, resources, and public expectations. The result is governments searching for more efficient approaches to meet demands. The cloud is presented as an approach to create enterprise IT solutions that can save money, time, and resources. Examples of cloud-based systems for finances, land management, and more are provided. The presentation ends with questions and contact information.

E-Democracy Lessons Slovenia Delakorda

Simon Delakorda from the Institute for Electronic Participation in Slovenia presented on lessons learned from case studies of eDemocracy initiatives in Slovenia. He discussed two case studies: an NGO portal for the EU Council Presidency that aimed to increase information for NGOs but had little policy impact, and an online citizens forum for the European elections that engaged a small number of participants. Overall, he noted that eParticipation initiatives are more political than technical and depend on the development of civic culture, and that combining online and offline participation is important for effectiveness.

E-Democracy Lessons Slovenia Delakorda

Simon Delakorda from the Institute for Electronic Participation in Slovenia presented on lessons learned from case studies of eDemocracy initiatives in Slovenia. He discussed two case studies: an NGO portal for the EU Council Presidency that aimed to increase information for NGOs but had little policy impact, and an online citizens forum for the European elections that engaged a small number of participants. Overall, he noted that eParticipation initiatives are more political than technical and depend on the development of civic culture, and that they require strong connections to real-world events and feedback, evaluation of results, and the facilitation of NGOs.

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Rezultati vsebinske mreže NVO za vključujočo informacijsko družbo 2015

NGOs as stakeholders of ICT strategies: the case of Slovenia

This document discusses the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in shaping information and communication technology (ICT) strategies and policies in Slovenia. It provides background on Slovenia and its progress toward becoming a digital society. NGOs play an important role in addressing challenges like digital inequality and skills, but have limited resources. In 2014, a network of NGOs called NVO-VID was established to advocate for public interest in digital development and influence policies. The document argues that NGOs provide a valuable non-technical perspective and should have a role in forums on internet governance.

Basic income: Preaching and practising on-line active citizenship in Slovenia

The document discusses online advocacy for a universal basic income (BI) in Slovenia. It notes that while some information on BI exists online through websites and pages, advocacy has been dispersed and online social networks have been underused. It argues that a more strategic approach is needed to build an active online community and public sphere in support of BI, including coordinated efforts and multimedia content. Specifically, it suggests focusing initial online efforts on generating public support for a upcoming European Citizens Initiative on BI.

Mapping eDemocracy in SEE: from UN eParticipation index to NGOs cases in Slov...

Does e-participation change anything for watchdogs? The EU context

The document discusses e-participation and its potential benefits and challenges for watchdogs. It provides examples of how e-participation has been used to support watchdogs' activities, such as providing inputs to policy documents and mobilizing public support. However, it notes there is little transparency around how inputs are actually incorporated. The document also examines the power dynamics around e-participation and challenges for watchdogs, such as connecting online and offline participation and motivating other players to follow their practices.

E-Democracy Lessons Slovenia Delakorda

Eparticipation In Slovenian E Government Delakorda