2. Project Integration Management
Definition
• It includes the processes and activities needed to identify, define,
combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project
management activities within the Project Management Process Groups.
• The bringing together of diverse organizations, groups or parts to
form a cohesive whole to successfully achieve PROJECT OBJECTIVES.
• Processes to bring different elements of project together so that they
are properly coordinated to meet or exceed stakeholders expectations.
• These processes may occur repeatedly over the project duration
• Historical Records are needed to perform project management well,
they are inputs to continuous improvement -> Files, Lessons Learned,
Actual Costs, Time Estimates, WBS, Benchmarks, Risks.
May 2011
Slide 2
3. Project Integration Management
Elements to Integrate
• Knowledge Areas—Scope, Time, Cost, Quality etc.
• Organizations
• Stakeholder Requirements
• Technical Elements
• People
• Communications
• Product Scope Components
• Phases
Integration requires that all these Elements are brought together
holistically and aligned in the direction of the project Goals!
May 2011
Slide 3
4. Project Integration Management
The Processes
Develop Project Charter – developing the project charter that formally
authorizes a project or a project phase.
Develop Project Management Plan – documenting the actions
necessary to define, prepare, integrate, and coordinate all subsidiary
plans into a project management plan.
Direct and Manage Project Execution – executing the work defined in
the project management plan to achieve the project’s requirements
defined in the project scope statement.
May 2011
Slide 4
5. Project Integration Management Processes
Monitor and Control Project Work – monitoring and controlling the
processes used to initiate, plan, execute, and close a project to meet the
performance objectives defined in the project management plan.
Integrated Change Control – reviewing all change requests, approving
changes, and controlling changes to the deliverables and organizational
process assets.
Close Project – finalizing all activities across all of the Project
Management Process Groups to formally close the project or a project
phase.
May 2011
Slide 5
8. Develop Project Charter
What is Project Charter
• Formally recognizes project, created by senior manager, includes:
- Business need/Business Case
- Product description & title
- Signed contract
- Project Manager Identification & Authority level
- Senior Management approval
- Project’s Goals and Objectives
- Constraints – factors that limit project management team’s
options
- Assumptions – factors that are considered true for planning
purposes. Involve a degree of risk
May 2011
Slide 8
9. IceScream – Case Study
Background
You work for a midsize ice-cream company called IceScream in the
Kolkata. Business has been very, very good! Ice-cream is popular all over
the state. The owner, Anvita, has decided to set up shop in other cities:
Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore. She has established strong partnerships in
these areas and is now ready to connect the three sites together into one
network so that she can keep track of the daily activities of each location.
The prospective new locations are as follows:
Delhi - Anvita wants to set up a regional distributorship with Sonia
Gandhvi’s Delhi Kulfi (DK), utilizing DK’s special skills to improve the
quality of the ice-creams.
Mumbai – SRK has been making wonderful Barf ka Gola for several years
now. SRK is interested in branching out nationally and understands that a
partnership such as the one with Ice-Scream would be beneficial for both
companies.
Bangalore – Vijay Wallya has been dishing out ice-cream idly & dosas
which are a personal favourite of Anvita.
May 2011
Slide 9
10. IceScream – Case Study
The Work
• Anvita has entered into financial agreements and working partnerships
that give her a partial stake in the profits of each of the ice-cream
companies, while allowing them to retain their original look and feel and
maintain the management of their day-to-day operations.
• The people who work for each entity will ultimately report to Anvita, but
each Ice-cream company is free to continue doing what it does best. Anvita
has committed to not interfere.
• You have been with IceScream, serving as the head of IT, since the
installation of one small file server on which Anvita kept the spreadsheets
for the various accounts.
• Today Anvita told you that she wants you to install an email server in
each of the other three locations, connecting them so that everyone can
communicate with one another and all employees’ email addresses are in
the global address list. She also wants an intranet site set up so that the new
releases and other communications are available to everyone for comment
and approval.
May 2011
Slide 10
11. IceScream – Case Study
Needs & Stakeholders
Basic requirements - You have two requirements that you must
fulfil:
• Set up an email system for all four sites.
• Set up an intranet.
Stakeholders - Anvita is the project sponsor. In addition to her, there
are three primary stakeholders: Sonia Gandhvi , SRK, Vijay Wallya
Other key staff members within each of the ice-cream companies are
stakeholders on the project as well. They most likely include the general
manager, director of sales, accounting director, and human resources
director.
Now that you have identified the stakeholders and understand the
requirements for the project, you set about gathering the goals for the
project, including the due date, high-level milestones, key deliverables,
estimated costs, assumptions, constraints, and high-level risks.
May 2011
Slide 11
12. Icescream – Case Study
Assumptions, Constraints & Risks
Assumptions - IT personnel are available at each Ice-cream company
(or you are able to hire consultants) to assist with all the technical
aspects of implementing this project. English will be the primary
language for all communications.
Constraints - This project has a budget of INR 1,000,000. Each site
requires new hardware, a backup solution, ISP, licensing fees, contract
help, and so on.
High-level risks - Downtime at one or more of the sites. Security
intrusions. Improper training of users on the use of the intranet site.
You document the project charter, and Anvita signs it, authorizing the
project to begin.
May 2011
Slide 12
13. Develop Project Management Plan
Definition
• This process includes the actions necessary to define, integrate, and
coordinate all subsidiary plans into a project management plan.
• It uses the outputs of the other planning processes to create a
consistent, coherent document that can be used to guide both project
execution and project control.
• Document project planning assumptions
• Provide a baseline for progress measurement and project control
May 2011
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14. Develop Project Management Plan
Project Plan
• A comprehensive set of documents used to guide
execution of Project work to monitor project status,
collect and disseminate performance information,
progress measurement, manage changes and control the
project work.
• It is a dynamic document in the sense that, it is updated
and changes with progressive elaboration of project.
• It includes all performance baselines which changes only
intermittently.
• It consists of Subsidiary Management Plans.
May 2011
Slide 14
16. Direct and Manage Project Execution
Definition
• Is the actual performance of all project activities to create the project
product .
• Requires the project manager and the project team to perform
multiple actions to execute the project management plan
• The vast majority of the project efforts and cost will be expended in
performing the execution process
• Staff, train, and manage the project team members assigned to the
project
• Managing the technical and organizational project interfaces
• Performance monitoring & Periodic forecasts of final cost and
schedule results to support the analysis
• Collect and document lessons learned, and implement approved
process improvement activities. May 2011
Slide 16
19. Monitor and Control Project Work
Definition
This process is performed to monitor project processes associated with
initiating, planning, executing, and closing.
Corrective or preventive actions are taken to control the project
performance.
Monitoring is an aspect of project management performed throughout
the project. It includes collecting, measuring, and disseminating
performance information, and assessing measurements and trends to
effect process improvements.
May 2011
Slide 19
21. Perform Integrated Change Control
Definition
• Determine that a change has occurred
• Coordinates Changes across all knowledge areas—entire project
• Ensures that the changes are beneficial
• Reviewing and approving all recommended corrective and preventive
actions.
• Managing the actual changes when and as they occur
• Maintain integrity of any performance measurement baseline.
• Ensures that changes are reflected in the scope definition and
product specifications
• Documenting the complete impact of requested changes.
May 2011
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24. Close Project
Definition
• It involves performing the project closure portion of the project
management plan.
• In multi-phase projects, the Close Project process closes out the
portion of the project scope and associated activities applicable to a
given phase.
• This process includes finalizing all activities completed across all
Project Management Process Groups to formally close the project or a
project phase, and transfer the completed or cancelled project as
appropriate.
• The Close Project process also establishes the procedures to
coordinate activities needed to verify and document the project
deliverables, to coordinate and interact to formalize acceptance of those
deliverables by the customer or sponsor, and to investigate and
document the reasons for actions taken if a project is terminated before
May 2011
completion. Slide 24
26. Pop Quiz
Question 1
Randy is a key technical resource for your project. You have
worked with Randy on past projects and have identified him
in the project charter as one of the team members who will
work on the project. The charter has been published, and
there is great excitement about this project. You have
scheduled a meeting to talk to Randy ’ s functional manager
next week. Which of the following conditions does this
describe?
A. Risk
B. Assumption
C. Deliverable
D. Constraint
May 2011
Slide 26
27. Pop Quiz
Question 2
From the following options, select those that best describe the
definition of a deliverable. (Choose three.)
A. Marks the completion of a project phase
B. Has measurable outcomes or results
C. Is a specific item that must be produced to consider the project
complete
D. Describes the characteristics of the product of the project
E. Is documented in the project charter
F. Is tangible and easily verified
May 2011
Slide 27
28. Pop Quiz
Question 3
From the following options, select the one that does not
describe a constraint.
A. Project team actions are dictated.
B. It may regard budget, resources, or schedule.
C. Project team actions are restricted
D. Project situations are believed to be true.
May 2011
Slide 28
29. Pop Quiz
Question 4
Your project is to be performed outdoors. You are only four
days from the big event, and there is a hurricane headed for
shore. This is an example of which of the following?
A. Risk
B. Assumption
C. Deliverable
D. Constraint
May 2011
Slide 29
