Please Pick 2 question to answer from each chapter and provide reference. 2 questions per chapter (chapter 15-20) 10 questions total. Word doc attached. Chapter 15 1.Explain the two main features that characterize the third line of host defense mechanisms. 2.Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) leads to the production of cancerous B cells, and treatment often involves bone marrow transplantation. Based upon your knowledge of lymphocyte development, explain how this procedure can lead to therapeutic effects in some patients. 3.Recently, scientists have been experimenting with using IRA-B cells as a treatment for hospitalized patients in an attempt to prevent them from getting septic infections. Speculate on what the principle behind this might be. 4.Provide an explanation to refute the following statement: Humans would never develop natural immunity to a novel biological agent created in a laboratory. 5. a.Explain how the anamnestic response is triggered by vaccination. b.Conduct additional research and discuss one current example illustrating how lack of herd immunity within a population has led to localized disease outbreaks in the United States. Chapter 16 1.Conduct additional research and discuss examples that illustrate how cancer can be both a cause of immune dysfunction and an effect of this process. 2.Summarize the roles of the microbiome and genetics in the development of type I allergic reactions. Discuss how probiotics or gene therapy could be used to alter an individual’s allergic response to antigen. 3. a.Draw a diagram illustrating whether or not each of the following transfusions would be immunologically compatible. Type A donor into a type B recipient Type B donor into a type AB recipient Type O– donor into a type O+ recipient b.Explain how xenotransplantation might be successful in light of the immune system’s robust ability to recognize foreign antigen. 4.Summarize the role of the immune system in the development of type I diabetes. Propose a strategy that could be used to protect young children from developing an autoimmune reaction, and subsequently type I diabetes, after a viral infection. 5.A patient in your unit exhibits frequent bouts of microbial infections and is found to produce extremely low levels of IgG and IgM antibodies. Your colleague suggests that the patient receive numerous vaccinations against a broad spectrum of common pathogens; you disagree. Why? Explain another treatment that may be beneficial to this patient. Chapter 17 1.Explain why specimens should be taken aseptically, even when nonsterile sites are being sampled and selective media are to be used, and explain why speed is important in the clinical testing process. 2.In the middle of an outbreak of measles (an infection that is highly communicable), a public health department is using immunologic testing to determine whether sick children have measles or not. If the children test positive, they are quarantined at home, .