Plato's theory of ideal state included compulsory education managed by the state, divided into elementary and higher education with three phases. The first phase focused on gymnastics, music, and mathematics from ages 0-18. The second phase from ages 21-35 included dialectics, geography, astronomy and other subjects. The third phase after age 35 involved further studies abroad. Plato also proposed a theory of communism with functional specialization, non-interference between classes, and social harmony. His theory of justice aimed to differentiate classes based on aptitude tests.

1. POLITICAL THOUGHT ON JUSTICE
PLATO
- Saumya Gupta
14120, VII

3. •He was influenced by the Spartan Education System.
• Compulsory Education for both the sexes.
• Education should be managed or controlled by the State.
• It is divisible in two parts- Elementary Education and Higher
education.
• And three phases.
Plato’s Theory of Ideal State
Theory of Education

4. 3rd Phase
35-50 years
These people would be sent to abroad for better studies.
- Class of Gold
2nd Phase
21- 30 years, 30-35 years
Dialectics- The art of argument, Geography, Astronomy, other
branches or Maths and Literature continue.
1st Phase
0-7 years- Gymnastic & Music, 8-18 years- Mathematics is introduced
18-20- Compulsory military training
Test- Class of Iron
Test- Class of Silver

6. Theory of Communism

7. •Functional
Specializa-
tion
• Non-
interference
• Harmony
Theory of Justice

8. Comparison of Plato with Aristotle
Comparison of Plato with Aristotle

9. Criticism of Theory of Justice
•Harmony and non- interference can’t exist together.
•How to differentiate between the importance of Harmony and
non- interference at particular times.
•Over dependent on Theory of Education.
•Over emphasizes on the three classes.
•Wasting of some aptitudes.
• Conflict can’t be only between classes , there can be conflict
within classes.
• No mechanism for ending the conflicts.
• There can be conflict within a man himself.