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1. WEED CONTROL

2. What is a Weed??

3. What is a Weed?
• A weed is a
plant growing
where it is not
wanted.
• Ex. Red rice,
Giant Ragweed

4. How do weeds affect us??
• 2-Brainstorm….What are some
affects of weeds on our everyday
life?

5. 6 Ways Weeds affect Humans
• Housing pest
• Impurities in crops
• Poisonous
• Allergies
• Costly
• Aesthetic
• Impure seed products

6. 6 ways weeds affect humans
• Housing insects and disease.
• Impurities in agriculture
products.
–Ex.-red rice causes lower yields.
• Poisonous to livestock.
• Allergic reactions-common
ragweed

7. Why do weeds cost $$?
• Competition for water and
nutrients.
• Competition reduces crop yields.
• Expense of herbicides.
• Contamination of seeds
• Aesthetics

8. How do weeds compete with
crops?
• Uses nutrients intended for crops.
• Competes for growing space.
• Interferes with harvest.
• Crowds out crops and allows for crop loss.

9. Review
• Define weed
• The effects of competition on the crop or
yields
• The effects of weeds on humans and
livestock
• The aesthetic effects of weeds in home
yards and public areas
• The economic effects on crop yields.

10. Identifying Weeds
• Weeds can be classified based upon their:
– Lifecycle
– Persistence
– Leaf Structure

11. Weed Lifecycles
• Annuals-
– Grow from seed and complete their life cycle in
one growing season
• Biennials-
– Complete their life cycle in two growing seasons
• Perennials
– Require two or more years to complete their
lifecycle

12. Persistence
• Common Weeds:
– These are more persistent and may or may not be
vigorous.
– Cause serious problems to farmers because they reoccur
so often
– Mostly annuals
• Noxious Weeds:
– Most undesirable
– Persistent growth makes them hard to control
• Leaf Structure:
– Grasses
– Broadleaf

13. Identifying Common Weeds
• Weed ID Project
– You must collect 15 different common weeds
– Label each weed, identifying their:
• lifecycle
• Persistence
• leaf structure.

14. Review
• Major Weed Categories:
– Lifecycle
• Annual
• Biennial
• Perennial
– Persistence
• Common
• Noxious
• Leaf structure
– Weed ID Project

15. Student Learning Objective
• Describe the methods of weed control.
• Determine the use of chemicals to control
weeds.
• Explain alternative methods of weed control.
• Describe methods of weed management.

16. Methods for weed control
1. Mechanical: hand pulling, hoeing, tractor cultivation, etc.
2. Biological: using parasites, predators, genetic engineering, etc
3. Cultural: cropping practices, host resistance, sanitation, varying planting
dates
4. Chemical controls: use of herbicides.
•Herbicides are classified as either:
- Selective - kill only certain types of plants
- Nonselective - kill all plants they come in contact with
- Herbicides are classified further according to the time they are
applied.
- Pre-emergent
- Post-emergent

17. What is the most common
control practice? Why?
• Chemical control is still the most popular
form.

18. What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?

19. What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
• Brand, trade, or product name
• Ingredient statement
• Manufacturer
• Registration number
• Establishment number
• Classification statement
• Directions for use
• Signal words and symbol
• Precautionary statements

20. What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
• Statement of practical treatment
• Environmental hazard statement
• Re-entry statement
• Storage and disposal statement

21. Mixing and Loading Pesticides
• Follow all instructions provided on the pesticide label.
• The most serious pesticide poisonings occur during
mixing and loading.

23. Protective Clothing and Equipment
• Refer to the pesticide label to determine the proper
protective clothing and equipment to use.
• Look for the signal words on the label.
– Caution
– Warning
– Danger

27. Applying Pesticides
• Some pesticides require extra personal protective
equipment.
• This is why it is important to follow all information
provided on the label.

29. Alternative Methods of Weed Control
• Hoeing and hand weeding
• Use of mulch to smother weeds
• Cultivating
• Mowing
• Burning

30. Disadvantages of Alternative Weed
Control
• Labor intensive
• Unrealistic for large crops and pastures

31. Integrated Pest Management
(IPM)
• Used to:
– Manage crop diseases
– Managing insect pests
– Managing weeds

32. What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
• Brand, trade, or product name
• Ingredient statement
• Manufacturer
• Registration number
• Establishment number
• Classification statement
• Directions for use
• Signal words and symbol
• Precautionary statements

33. What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
• Statement of practical treatment
• Environmental hazard statement
• Re-entry statement
• Storage and disposal statement

34. Weeds Classed According to Lifecycle
• Annuals
• Biannuals
• Perennials

35. Weeds Classed According to Plant Type
• Grasses
• Broad Leaves
• Sedges

36. Weeds Classed According to
Persistence
• Common Weeds
• Noxious Weeds