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Planets, asteroids, meteoroids, meteors and meteorites
This document provides information about objects beyond Earth in our solar system. It describes the 8 planets and their characteristics such as distance from the sun, period of revolution, rotation, mass, diameter, and number of moons. It also discusses comets, asteroids, meteorites, meteoroids, and meteors. Comets are icy celestial bodies that develop tails when near the sun, while asteroids are rocky objects that orbit between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids come in different types based on their composition. Meteorites are asteroids that survive entering Earth's atmosphere, while meteoroids burn up as meteors in the atmosphere.
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Planets, asteroids, meteoroids, meteors and meteorites
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- 3. Planet (or Dwarf Planet) Distance from theSun (Astronomical Units, km) Period of Revolution Around the Sun (1 planetary year) Period of Rotation (1 planetary day) Mass (kg) Diameter (km) Number of Moons Mercury 0.39 AU, or 57.9 million km 87.96 Earth days 58.7 Earth days 3.3 x 1023 4,878 km 0 Venus 0.723 AU or 108.2 million km 224.68 Earth days 243 Earth days 4.87 x 1024 12,104 km 0 Earth 1 AU or 149.6 million km 365.26 days 24 hours 5.98 x 1024 12,756 km 1 Mars 1.524 AU or 227.9 million km 686.98 Earth days 24.6 Earth hours =1.026 Earth days 6.42 x 1023 6,787 km 2 ThePlanetsinOurSolarSystem
- 4. Planet (or Dwarf Planet) Distancefrom the Sun (Astronomical Units, km) Period of Revolution Around the Sun (1 planetary year) Period of Rotation (1 planetary day) Mass (kg) Diameter (km) Number of Moons Jupiter 5.203 AU or 778.3 million km 11.862 Earth years 9.84 Earth hours 1.90 x 1027 142,796 km 67 (18 named plus many smaller ones) Saturn 9.539 AU or 1,427.0 million km 29.456 Earth years 10.2 Earth hours 5.69 x 1026 120,660 km 62 (30 unnamed) Uranus 19.18 AU or 2,871.0 million km 84.07 Earth years 17.9 Earth hours 8.68 x 1025 51,118 km 27 (6 unnamed) Neptune 30.06 AU or 4,497.1 million km 164.81 Earth years 19.1 Earth hours 1.02 x 1026 48,600 km 13 Pluto (a dwarf planet) 39.53 AU or 5,913 million km 247.7 years 6.39 Earth days 1.29 x 1022 2,274 km 4
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- 7. COMETS ASTEROIDS • Acomet is a small, icy celestial body that orbits around the sun. • It is made up of a nucleus (solid, frozen ice, gas and dust), a gaseous coma (water vapor, CO2, and other gases) and a long tail (made of dust and ionized gases). • The tail develops when the comet is near the Sun. Its long ion tail of always points away from the sun, because of the force of the solar wind. • Asteroids are rocky or metallic objects, most of which orbit the Sun in the ASTEROID BELT between MARS and JUPITER. • are similar to comets but do not have a visible coma (fuzzy outline and tail) like comets do. • Ranges from 50 meters and beyond
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- 9. Type Composition Percentageof Asteroids Carbon (C-type) Carbon over 75 percent Silicate (S-type) Metallic iron mixed with iron- silicates and magnesium- silicates 17 percent Metallic (M-type) Iron/ nickel less than 7 percent Dark (D-type) Water ice/frozen carbon monoxide mixed with rock less than 1 percent
- 10. ASTEROIDS METEOROIDS METEORSMETEORITE • are small solar system bodies that orbit the Sun. Made of rock and metal, they can also contain organic compounds. • Are small rocks or particle of debris in our solar system. SMALL ASTEROIDS • A meteoroid that burns up as it passes through the Earth’s atmosphere is known as a meteor. • A meteoroid that survives falling through the Earth’s atmosphere and colliding with the Earth’s surface.
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