The document describes a robot that is designed to play the piano. It has 8 wooden fingers attached to motors that can press down on piano keys. An Arduino microcontroller is used as the "brain" to command the motor driver and control the motors to press the keys in sequences programmed into the code. Graphs show the waveforms of songs like "Happy Birthday" played by both a human and the robot piano player, demonstrating its ability to replicate piano music. Experimental results found small rms deviations between the human and robot performances.

1. PIANO PLAYING
ROBOT
I OTA 2 3 5

2. INTRODUCTION
• One of the most familiar musical instrument is Piano, which uses the
basic principles of sound, string, damping and vibration to produce
sounds.
• The beauty of this instrument is that is produces a particular sound
when a specific key is pressed for a specific amount of time.
• The aim of this project is to build a robot which can play piano.

3. MECHANICAL
DESIGN
• 8 Wooden Fingers
• 8 Motors
• Elastic Strings
• C clamps
• Screws
• Wooden structure, etc.

4. F I N G E R D E S I G N
• The design started with a finger
that would satisfy the
mechanism of push-pull so as
to press a key.
• The finger is a piece of wood
with the dimension 9 * 1.3 * 1.3
cm.
• The finger is divided into 2
pieces in the ratio 6:3 so as to
enable up-down movement
• The finger is pulled down by a
motor and pulled up by an
elastic string.

5. WORKING

6. ELECTRONICS
• Programming is usually a final step in the process of building a robot,
also “ without programming, a robot is very similar to a human without
thinking capability”
• Arduino Uno – The microcontroller which acts as a brain to the piano
playing robot.
• 14 digital pins and 6 analog pins(serve as digital pins) have been used
• Microcontroller commands the motor driver based on the code present
inside the chip, which in turns the motors thereby pressing a key on the
keyboard.

7. HUMAN VS ROBOT
Waveform of a song played by a human (Happy Birthday to you)
Waveform of a song played by the robot (Happy Birthday to you)

8. HUMAN VS ROBOT
Waveform of song plated by human (Twinkle twinkle little star)
Waveform of song played by the robot (Twinkle twinkle little star)

9. EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS
Song rms deviation
Happy Birthday to you 2.17
Twinkle Twinkle Little star 2.85