The document discusses solar energy and photovoltaic power systems. It notes that the sun provides vastly more energy to Earth than is consumed, and describes how solar irradiance and sunlight is measured. It explains that photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels made of cells, often silicon, that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. The document outlines factors that affect solar panel efficiency like dust, temperature increases, and sunlight absorption.
Photovoltaic Power Conversion systems
Solar constant:
Pyranometer:
Solar Photovoltaic(SPV) systems
Construction of Solar Cell
I-V curve and PV curve of solar cell
Efficiency of Solar Panel
Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV Panel
Effect of temperature on solar power panel efficiency
Solar Photovoltaic(SPV) systems
In this PPT we are add all ditels and latest data.And in this PPT we are make char to when the sun light is reflact in soalr penal and we produced high power.
Photovoltaic Power Conversion systems
Solar constant:
Pyranometer:
Solar Photovoltaic(SPV) systems
Construction of Solar Cell
I-V curve and PV curve of solar cell
Efficiency of Solar Panel
Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV Panel
Effect of temperature on solar power panel efficiency
Solar Photovoltaic(SPV) systems
In this PPT we are add all ditels and latest data.And in this PPT we are make char to when the sun light is reflact in soalr penal and we produced high power.
Solar tracking system, Full Report Submitted in B.Tech, Electrical & Electronics Engineering Final Year @ College of Engineering Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, INDIA.
Solar energy, radiation from the Sun capable of producing heat, causing chemical reactions, or generating electricity. The total amount of solar energy incident on Earth is vastly in excess of the world’s current and anticipated energy requirements. If suitably harnessed, this highly diffused source has the potential to satisfy all future energy needs. In the 21st century solar energy is expected to become increasingly attractive as a renewable energy source because of its inexhaustible supply and its nonpolluting character, in stark contrast to the finite fossil fuels coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
solar energy
solar energy
Reflection and absorption of solar energy. Although some incoming sunlight is reflected by Earth's atmosphere and surface, most is absorbed by the surface, which is warmed.
The Sun is an extremely powerful energy source, and sunlight is by far the largest source of energy received by Earth, but its intensity at Earth’s surface is actually quite low. This is essentially because of the enormous radial spreading of radiation from the distant Sun. A relatively minor additional loss is due to Earth’s atmosphere and clouds, which absorb or scatter as much as 54 percent of the incoming sunlight. The sunlight that reaches the ground consists of nearly 50 percent visible light, 45 percent infrared radiation, and smaller amounts of ultraviolet and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
solar energy potential
solar energy potential
Earth's photovoltaic power potential.
The potential for solar energy is enormous, since about 200,000 times the world’s total daily electric-generating capacity is received by Earth every day in the form of solar energy. Unfortunately, though solar energy itself is free, the high cost of its collection, conversion, and storage still limits its exploitation in many places. Solar radiation can be converted either into thermal energy (heat) or into electrical energy, though the former is easier to accomplish.
Thermal energy
The transition to renewable energy explained by Phil the Fixer
The transition to renewable energy explained by Phil the Fixer
Learn more about climate change and the transition to renewable energy in this interview with Phil the Fixer.
See all videos for this article
Among the most common devices used to capture solar energy and convert it to thermal energy are flat-plate collectors, which are used for solar heating applications. Because the intensity of solar radiation at Earth’s surface is so low, these collectors must be large in area. Even in sunny parts of the world’s temperate regions, for instance, a collector must have a surface area of about 40 square metres (430 square feet) to gather enough energy to serve the energy needs of one person.
Nicolaus Copernicus. Nicolas Copernicus (1473-1543) Polish astronomer. In 1543 he published, forward proof of a Heliocentric (sun centered) universe. Coloured stipple engraving published London 1802. De revolutionibus orbium coelestium li
basic renewable energy for Engineering Studentspankajnavale25
Renewables energy and basics by expert faculty at Government Institute and Engineering College from India. Better understanding best notes that one can. See.
Solar tracking system, Full Report Submitted in B.Tech, Electrical & Electronics Engineering Final Year @ College of Engineering Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, INDIA.
Solar energy, radiation from the Sun capable of producing heat, causing chemical reactions, or generating electricity. The total amount of solar energy incident on Earth is vastly in excess of the world’s current and anticipated energy requirements. If suitably harnessed, this highly diffused source has the potential to satisfy all future energy needs. In the 21st century solar energy is expected to become increasingly attractive as a renewable energy source because of its inexhaustible supply and its nonpolluting character, in stark contrast to the finite fossil fuels coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
solar energy
solar energy
Reflection and absorption of solar energy. Although some incoming sunlight is reflected by Earth's atmosphere and surface, most is absorbed by the surface, which is warmed.
The Sun is an extremely powerful energy source, and sunlight is by far the largest source of energy received by Earth, but its intensity at Earth’s surface is actually quite low. This is essentially because of the enormous radial spreading of radiation from the distant Sun. A relatively minor additional loss is due to Earth’s atmosphere and clouds, which absorb or scatter as much as 54 percent of the incoming sunlight. The sunlight that reaches the ground consists of nearly 50 percent visible light, 45 percent infrared radiation, and smaller amounts of ultraviolet and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
solar energy potential
solar energy potential
Earth's photovoltaic power potential.
The potential for solar energy is enormous, since about 200,000 times the world’s total daily electric-generating capacity is received by Earth every day in the form of solar energy. Unfortunately, though solar energy itself is free, the high cost of its collection, conversion, and storage still limits its exploitation in many places. Solar radiation can be converted either into thermal energy (heat) or into electrical energy, though the former is easier to accomplish.
Thermal energy
The transition to renewable energy explained by Phil the Fixer
The transition to renewable energy explained by Phil the Fixer
Learn more about climate change and the transition to renewable energy in this interview with Phil the Fixer.
See all videos for this article
Among the most common devices used to capture solar energy and convert it to thermal energy are flat-plate collectors, which are used for solar heating applications. Because the intensity of solar radiation at Earth’s surface is so low, these collectors must be large in area. Even in sunny parts of the world’s temperate regions, for instance, a collector must have a surface area of about 40 square metres (430 square feet) to gather enough energy to serve the energy needs of one person.
Nicolaus Copernicus. Nicolas Copernicus (1473-1543) Polish astronomer. In 1543 he published, forward proof of a Heliocentric (sun centered) universe. Coloured stipple engraving published London 1802. De revolutionibus orbium coelestium li
basic renewable energy for Engineering Studentspankajnavale25
Renewables energy and basics by expert faculty at Government Institute and Engineering College from India. Better understanding best notes that one can. See.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
2. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
14-5-
2021
2
Solar Energy:
• Radiant energy emitted by the sun.
• The Sun daily provides about 10,000 times more energy to the Earth
than
we consume.
• The earth receives 174 petawatts [1015 watts] of solar radiations from the
sun.
• The total energy absorbed by earth’s atmosphere, oceans, land mass is
38,50,000 exajoules [1018 joules] per year.
• The energy reaching earth’s atmosphere consists of about 8%
UV radiation, 46% visible light, 46% infrared radiations.
6. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
1) The global or diffuse radiation : pyranometer
2) The beam radiation or direct radiation: Pyrheliometers
3) Sunshine recorders: this instrument used to measure hours of sunshine
over a day.
14-5-
2021
6
10. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
• A pyrheliometer is an instrument for measurement of direct beam solar
irradiance.
• Sunlight enters the instrument through a window and is directed onto
a thermopile which converts heat to an electrical signal that can be
recorded.
• The signal voltage is converted via a formula to measure watts per
square metre
14-5-
2021
10
13. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
14-5-
2021
13
• Solar Energy :
• Solar Energy Solar energy can be used through two main
routes:
1. SOLAR THERMAL : For direct heating , cooking, drying
and
power generation etc.
2. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC : For direct electricity generation
15. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
Distillation : The Device which converts saline water into pure water
by using solar energy is called solar still.
Diagram of most commonly used solar distillation is:
14-5-
2021
15
18. Photovoltaic Power Conversion
systems
14-5-
2021
18
Solar Energy:
• Radiant energy emitted by the sun.
• The Sun daily provides about 10,000 times more energy to the Earth
than
we consume.
• The earth receives 174 petawatts [1015 watts] of solar radiations from the
sun.
• The total energy absorbed by earth’s atmosphere, oceans, land mass is
38,50,000 exajoules [1018 joules] per year.
• The energy reaching earth’s atmosphere consists of about 8%
UV radiation, 46% visible light, 46% infrared radiations.
20. Solar Photovoltaic(SPV)
systems
• A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a
power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of
photovoltaics.
• It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar
panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity.
14-5-
2021
20
21. Solar Photovoltaic(SPV)
systems
14-5-
2021
21
Solar Cell :
• Solar cells are made from semiconductor
materials.
• Converts sunlight into electricity according to
photovoltaic effect.
the principle of
• Photovoltaic cells use p-n junction to generates electron-hole pairs
which in turn constitutes electric current.
• Light shining on the solar cell produces both a current and a voltage to
generate electric power.
22. Solar Cell Technology
Max Lab
Efficiency
Typical Cell
Thickness
Si Use Cost
Mono-crystalline Silicon (c-Si) 27.6% ~200µm High $$$
Poly-crystalline Silicon (p-Si) 20.4% ~200µm Moderate $$
Amorphous Silicon Thin Film (a-
Si)
12.5% <1µm Low $
Why Silicon?
• Non-toxic
• Abundant
• Relatively cheap
• Mature infrastructure
from computer industry
c-Si Cell p-Si Cell a-Si Cell
23. The photoelectric effect was first noted
by a French physicist, Edmund
Bequerel, in 1839, who found that
certain materials would produce small
amounts of electric current when
exposed to light.
Albert Einstein explained the
underlying mechanism of light
instigated carrier excitation the photo
electric effect-in 1905
24. Photovoltaic Effect
Voltage is generated in a solar cell by a process known as the
‘photovoltaic effect’
Sunlight is composed of photons, or particles of solar energy that contain
various amounts of energy corresponding to the different wavelengths of
the solar spectrum.
The electrons present in the valence band absorb energy and, being
excited, jump to the conduction band and become free.
These highly excited electrons are accelerated
into a different material by a built-in
potential.
This generates an electromotive force, and
thus some of the light energy is converted into
electric energy.
28. Efficiency of solar
cell
1. The efficiency is the most commonly used parameter to compare the
performance of one solar cell to another.
2. Theoretical efficiency for PV is 86.8 % .
3. The maximum practical efficiency observed for solar power panel is
24.7
%.
4. But the general solar cell efficiency observed in daily applications
is a measly 13-14 %.
5. The solar panel power conversion efficiency can be given as :
6. Where Imax and vmax are the current and voltage for maximum
power, corresponding to solar intensity I (t) and Ac is Area of
solarcell.
14-5-
2021
28
30. Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV
Panel
14-5-
2021
30
1. The heavy layer of dust accumulation on module array might cause
reduction in output power, so that can recovered by washing process
2. A major problem facing scientist is sand accumulation, hence
numerous researches proved that, more than 50% of solar module
performance reduction caused by unclean throughout period of one
month
3. Performance of the PV module is proportional to dirt accumulation.
Actually as little of 10% shade on PV module array can result in of
50% lost energy. Even though with an appropriate tilt angle installation
still sand particles accumulate on module surface.
31. Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV
Panel
solar module covered by
heavy layer due to dust
accumulation before
cleaning.
solar module after
cleaning.
14-5-
2021
31
32. Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV
Panel
14-5-
2021
32
To remove dust a wiper/slider mechanism is widely used in practice.
It will be programmed to wipe out the dust on the panel surface after a
particular period of time.
This duster will remove the dust particles hence preventing the fall in
efficiency of the panel and maintaining its original efficiency.
In addition to that clean solar panels are beautiful visually than unclean
panels.
33. Effect of Dust On Performance Of Solar PV
Panel
14-5-
2021
33
34. Effect of temperature on solar power panel
efficiency
14-5-
2021
34
1. Opposite to what we normally believe, solar panel efficiency is
affected negatively by temperature increase.
2. Heat can reduce output efficiency by 10-25%.
3. As temperature of the solar panel increases, output voltage
decreases exponentially
4. A field experiment in the UK revealed a drop of 1.1% of peak output
for every increase in degrees Celsius of a home photovoltaic solar
panel, once the panel reached 42 degree Celsius.
5. Solar power panels work best when maintained at a temperature
of around 25 degree Celsius.
:
35. Effect of temperature on solar power panel
efficiency
output P-V characteristics of the
PV module with different
temperatures
14-5-
2021
35
Output I-V characteristics of the PV
module with different temperatures
37. PV Modules
Assemblies of cells are used to make solar modules , also known as
solar panels and these panels are combined to form arrays.
For this , many cells are connected in series and/or parallel to obtain
the expected current and voltage levels and this set of cells is
mounted on an appropriate structure to create a photovoltaic module.
38. Applications of Solar Panels
•Solar Power Plant
•HouseholdApplications
•Street Lights
•Satellites
•Solar Water Pumping
•Battery Charging
•SolarAutomobiles