Gasera at Optics Day 17.5.2016 at Tampere Finland

1. Photonics for High-End Gas Analysis
Dr. Ismo Kauppinen, CEO
17. May 2016
OPD, Tampere

2. WHY HIGH-END GAS ANALYSIS?
• Key drivers for growing gas analysis need
currently are:
1. Air pollution
2. Global warming
3. Safety and security
• Two of the above focus on harmful gases for
peoples health in the breathing air
• Concentrations of the harmful gases and
greenhouse gases are very low, thus high-end
detection analysis is required

4. - 4 -
Founded in
Dec. 2004
33 employees
Turnover 2015
2,5 M€
(70% growth, profitable)
Consor&um member:
- 9 FP7 EU-projects
- 1 Horizon 2020
University spin-off
GASERA FACTS
Own patented
technology

5. POTENTIAL MARKETS
Safety & Security
Food
Gas Manufacturing
Semiconductor
CEMS
Medical
Air Quality
Agriculture
Process control
Power utility
Automotive
Research
Petrochem
Based on several market studies the es&mated size of
global gas detec&on market is $5 billion, where the
Safety and Security segment is es&mated to be $1,4
billion USD alone. The global air quality monitoring
equipment market is expected to reach $6,1 billion
by 2019.

6. NEAR FUTURE INDUSTRIAL FOCUS MARKETS
Stack Emissions
Clean AirPower Utility
Automotive
emissions
Technology platforms
Patented sensor
Industrial partners

7. ROADMAP
Idea
hand-held
analyzers
2001 2007 2008 20112002
Patent filing
2004
Company
founded
1. Prototype
2006
1st Investment
1st product
2009 201020052003 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Research
Industry
Well-being, Environment, Safety & Security
personal
analyzers
Preserving life
Power, Energy, Environment
portable
analyzers
MINIGAS
CUSTOM MUSE
DOGGIESCollaborative
EU-projects
2021 2022 2023 2024
OEMs to
Industrial
markets
Feasibility
IRON

8. PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY
• Photoacoustic effect was discovered in
1880 by Alexander Graham Bell
• This theoretical potential has not
been reached, since conventional
microphones have been used for
sensing the pressure pulses
• Gasera’s novel cantilever sensor
technology allows the use of the full
potential of the photoacoustic
phenomena
Photoacoustic spectroscopy is based on the absorption of light leading to the local warming of the
absorbing volume element. The subsequent expansion of the volume element generates a pressure
wave proportional to the absorbed energy, which can be detected via a pressure detector.
PHOTOACOUSTIC GAS CELL
IR SOURCE
MICROPHONE
IR FILTER
CHOPPER
A typical setup of a conventional PAS system
GAS SAMPLE

9. GASERA’S KEY INVENTIONS
• Cantilever sensor
• Over 100 times greater physical movement can be achieved
compared to conventional microphone membrane
• Highly linear response
• Optical readout system
• Contactless optical measurement based on laser interferometry
• Measures cantilever displacements smaller than picometer (10-12 m)
• Extremely wide dynamic measurement range

10. PLATFORMS
1
2
3
4
LASER PAS
Reliable and cost effective gas analyzer products with down to ppb/
ppt sensitivity in safety and industrial applications. Widely tunable
lasers in MIR range enable multi-gas monitoring capabilities.
NDIR PAS
Enables sensitive gas analyzer for multi-gas monitoring in industrial
applications such as transformer condition monitoring, waste
anesthetic gases and agriculture.
FTIR PAS
Measures the full IR spectrum of the sample gas mixture and
compares the result to library spectra of pure compounds.
Enables sensitive and selective portable/hand-held gas
analyzers for real-time simultaneous monitoring of over 50 gas
compounds. Suitable for CEMS. process control and AQ.
DIFFERENTIAL PAS
Enables a small and cost effective single or dual gas sensor with
extremely high sensitivity and selectivity for fast open
path measurements with response time below 0.1 seconds.
Highly suitable e.g. for gas flux measurements, breath diagnostics,
and tail pipe measurements

11. BENEFITS OF CANTILEVER ENHANCED PAS
stability , reliability, easy to use Absorp&on is measured directly in PAS, which makes the
measurement very accurate and free of driP
below ppb detec;on limits Can&lever sensor provides high sensi&vity
wide linear dynamic range, miniaturiza;on, low sample volume Sensi&vity is not dependent on the op&cal path length
mul;-gas capability Many different sources can be connected to one cell
suitable to wide range of process applica;ons Possibility to heat the sample cell

12. PRODUCTS
GAS ANALYZERS
• Multi-gas
• One platform configurable
to different applications
RESEARCH SYSTEMS
• Research PAS cell
• Can be combined with
different types of light
sources
• Includes data acquisition
software
FTIR ACCESSORIES
• Measures solid, semi-solid
and liquid samples
• 100x faster compared to
other alternatives
• Measures samples where
conventional techniques fail

13. GASERA ONE
Multi-Gas Analyzer to protect life, health and security

14. CONCEPT
• Sensitivity – Patented cantilever sensor
• Reliability – Photoacoustic principle
• Versatility – can be combined with different
types of light sources (NIR-TDL, DFB-QCL, EC-
QCL, OPO, Broadband IR and filters)

15. APPLICATIONS
LIFE
Climate change
prevention
• Greenhouse gas
monitoring at
animal husbandry
• GHGs from soil
emissions
HEALTH
Air quality for living
and occupational
safety
• Detection of
hazardous
chemicals at
industrial sites and
in cargo containers
SECURITY
Border security,
prevention of
smuggling and human
trafficking
• Narcotics
• Explosives
• Hidden persons

16. Source selection by application requirements

17. TRACE HF MONITORING IN
CLEAN ROOMS
Monitoring of clean room indoor air

18. HF monitoring
Clearly observable spiking when lids are open
Response &me of the instrument is 18 seconds
Approx. 0.5 ppb detec&on limit @ 18 sec response &me
Background level is very stable

19. HF + NH3 monitoring
Simultaneous Measurement of two compounds
Two different laser sources combined with one
photoacous&c measurement cell
+

20. SHIP EMISSIONS MONITORING
Detection of ships using illegal higher sulphur level fuel

21. PROBLEMS WITH CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
• Different gases are detected with different technologies
• SO2, UV-fluorescence
• CO2, Infrared
• NO2, Chemiluminescence
• CH4, Infrared
• Different analyzer is required for every gas compound
• Air monitoring station with multiple expensive analyzers
and costly maintenance -> therefore the number of
stations is limited
• Already single analyzers are expensive
• Different technologies have different sources for
uncertainty

22. FEASIBILITY PROJECT (HyperGlobal, TEKES)
• Measured performance for the main component (SO2)
• Simulated results for future components
Gas compound Integra;on ;me Detec;on limit
SO2
1 s 3.2 ppb
60 s 0.5 ppb
Gas compound Integra;on ;me Detec;on limit
NO2 10 s 0.2 ppb
CH4 10 s 0.5 ppb

23. BORDER SECURITY
Detecting drugs and explosives

24. Drugs and Explosives
• Headspace measurement with external cavity
quantum cascade laser source EC-QCL
• Different drugs with different composition and
purity level were measured
• Measurements were performed in cooperation
with INPS France (Institut national de police
scientifique)

25. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
Hazardous chemicals in cargo container

26. CARGO CONTAINER INSPECTION
• Currently about 20-30% of tested cargo arriving
to major destination ports is identified to contain
chemical air concentrations exceeding
Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL).
• Requires simultaneous measurement of over 20
compounds with ppb-level sensitivity.
• Most important fumigation compounds are
Methyl bromide and Phosphine
• Other off-gassing compounds include: BTEX,
Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde etc.

27. CONCEPT
+ +

28. INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Analysis of damaged floor coverings emissions

29. 2-EH Detection
• In some cases, the coverings are installed on
wet concrete on purpose to avoid
contractual penalties due to delays in
construction projects
• The emissions of the damaged coverings
often lead to several, mostly irritational
symptoms.
• O,1 ppb detection limit @ 1 min compares to
what is achieved with current laboratory
meaurements, which are time consuming
and expensive.

30. CONTACT AND FOLLOW
• Tykistökatu 4D
20520 Turku
Finland
• contact@gasera.fi
• firstname.lastname@gasera.fi
• www.gasera.fi
• www.facebook.com/gaseraltd
• www.youtube.com/gaseraltd
• https://www.linkedin.com/company/
gasera-ltd-