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This document provides information about speech production and articulation processes. It discusses the organs of speech and places and manners of articulation. Specifically, it describes voiced and unvoiced sounds, the vocal tract including the oral and nasal passages. It details the places of articulation including labial, coronal, and dorsal gestures using different parts of the tongue and lips. Finally, it outlines different manners of articulation such as stops, fricatives, approximants, lateral approximants, and affricatives which are distinguished by the degree of closure in the vocal tract and resulting airstream. The document serves as a lesson on the anatomy and mechanics involved in producing different speech sounds.
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It goes on to define key terms like phone, phoneme, and allophone. Phones are distinct speech sounds, phonemes are sounds that distinguish meaning, and allophones are variant pronunciations of phonemes that do not change a word's meaning.
The document also covers phonological concepts like place and manner of articulation, phonotactics, and prosody. It includes examples of phonetic transcription and minimal pairs.
Food Deterioration and its Control1.pptx
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rukhsar-160518150528.pdf
Phonetics is the study of speech sounds and their production, transmission, and reception. It deals with describing, classifying, and transcribing the sounds used in human speech. Phonetics analyzes the basic physical segments of speech, called phones, and the abstract linguistic units called phonemes that distinguish meaning. Phones are transcribed between brackets [ ] while phonemes use slashes / /. There are several types of speech sounds classified by their place of articulation in the mouth, including bilabials, labiodentals, alveolars, velars, interdentals, and palatals.
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- 1. Phonetics and Phonology Lesson 2: Sounds articulation process. • Speech production (voiced and unvoiced sounds). • The organs of speech. • The Places of articulatory gesture. • The manner of articulation. By: Israel Reyes
- 2. Speech production Voiced Sounds Unvoiced Sounds It is when your vocal chords are vibrating, producing a sound. It is when there is no vocal chords vibration. They are apart.
- 3. The vocal tract Note that the air passages that make up the vocal tract may be divided into the oral tract, within the mouth and pharynx, and the nasal tract, within the nose.
- 4. Upper and lower lips Upper teeth Lower teeth Alveolar ridge Hard palate Soft palate (velum) Uvula Pharynx Vocal chords Larynx Tongue Nose Mouth Epiglottis
- 6. Place of articulation (consonants) Labial articulation Coronal articulation Dorsal articulation It is called those speech gestures using the lips. It is called those speech gestures using the tip or blade of the tongue. It is called those speech gestures using the back of the tongue.
- 7. Bilabial (Made with the two lips.) in sounds such as pie, buy, my. Labiodental (Lower lip and upper front teeth.) in sounds such as for and vacations. Labial articulation
- 8. Coronal articulation Dental (Tongue tip or blade and upper front teeth.) in sounds such as thigh and those. Alveolar (Tongue tip or blade and the alveolar ridge.) in sounds such as tie, die, night, sight, zeal, lie.
- 9. Retroflex (Tongue tip and the back of the alveolar ridge.) in sounds such as ire, hour, air. Palatal (Front of the tongue and hard palate.) in sounds such as you, yet. Note: This kind of sound is sometimes classified as coronal articulations and sometimes as dorsal articulations.
- 10. Dorsal articulation Velar (Back of the tongue and soft palate.) in sounds such as those that occur at the end of hack, hag, hang.
- 11. Manner of articulation Stop (Complete closure of the articulators involved so that the airstream cannot escape through the mouth.) There are two possible types of stop: Oral stop The soft palate is raised so that the nasal tract is blocked off, then the airstream will be completely obstructed. Pressure in the mouth will build up and an oral stop will be formed. This sound are called plosives. This kind of sound occurs in the consonants in the words pie, buy, tie, dye, key, guy.
- 12. Nasal stop If the air is stopped in the oral cavity but the soft palate is down so that air can go out through the nose, the sound produced is a nasal stop. Sounds of this kind occur at the beginning of the words my and night, and at the end of the word sang.
- 13. Fricative (Close approximation of two articulators so that the airstream is partially obstructed and turbulent airflow is produced.) The consonants in for, thigh, thy, sigh, zoo, and shy are examples of fricative sounds. Approximant (A gesture in which one articulator is close to another, but without the vocal tract being narrowed to such an extent that a turbulent airstream is produced.)in sounds such as young, we.
- 14. Lateral (Approximant) (Obstruction of the airstream at a point along the center of the oral tract, with incomplete closure between one or both sides of the tongue and the roof of the mouth.) Like in the word lie Affricative (Close approximation of two articulators so that the airstream is partially obstructed and escapes with slight friction through the mouth) It is in sounds such as chair, church, just.
- 15. Closure
- 16. Thank you