This document provides an overview of pharmacovigilance in India, including:
- The history of pharmacovigilance efforts in India from 1986 to the present.
- The objectives and goals of the current Pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI), including establishing a nationwide safety reporting system and expanding electronic reporting.
- The roles and responsibilities of stakeholders like the National Coordinating Center, Advisory Monitoring Centers, and CDSCO in the PvPI.
Establishment of Pharmacovigilance ProgrammeNipun Gupta
1. Pharmacovigilance
2. Pathway of PvPI
3. Establishment of PV Programme
in Hospital
4. Establishment of PV Programme
in Industry
5. Contract Research Organization
6. Establishment a National Programme
SEVERITY AND SERIOUSNESS ASSESSMENT OF ADR’S
Definitions, Severity assessment, Seriousness assessment
Naranjo algorithm, Preventability assessment
By
Ms. B. Mary Vishali
Department of Pharmacology
Establishment of Pharmacovigilance ProgrammeNipun Gupta
1. Pharmacovigilance
2. Pathway of PvPI
3. Establishment of PV Programme
in Hospital
4. Establishment of PV Programme
in Industry
5. Contract Research Organization
6. Establishment a National Programme
SEVERITY AND SERIOUSNESS ASSESSMENT OF ADR’S
Definitions, Severity assessment, Seriousness assessment
Naranjo algorithm, Preventability assessment
By
Ms. B. Mary Vishali
Department of Pharmacology
Concept of Pharmacovigilance, history and development of pharmacovigilance, WHO International drug monitoring programme, Pharmacovigilance programme of India
pharmacovigilance, adverse effects, causality assessment,methods, who-umc method with case study, FOR DOWNLOAD PPT MAIL ME ON iamgauravchhabra@gmail.com
detection methods of Adverse drug reactions, postal survey method, Reporting of Adverse drug reactions, Preventability assessment, predictability assessments
Organization and objectives of ICH, expedited reporting, ICSR, PSURs, post approval expedited reporting, pharmacovigilance Planning, good clinical practices
This presentation gives a brief knowledge of CIOMS, its history, missions and collaborations of CIOMS. This presentation also contains CIOMS organizational structure, detailed knowledge of CIOMS Former and Present Working Groups. This will also guide about CIOMS form, its reporting and details to be filled while reporting an ADR.
Pharmacovigilance Establishment in India and An overview on PvPImadhvi Chaubey
An overview on Pharmacovigilance Program establishment in India
Including National Pharmacovigilance Program . Objective of the program.
Pharmacovigilance program of India (PvPI)
Achievements of PvPI
The Haemovigilance Program of India
Future challenges of the program
Concept of Pharmacovigilance, history and development of pharmacovigilance, WHO International drug monitoring programme, Pharmacovigilance programme of India
pharmacovigilance, adverse effects, causality assessment,methods, who-umc method with case study, FOR DOWNLOAD PPT MAIL ME ON iamgauravchhabra@gmail.com
detection methods of Adverse drug reactions, postal survey method, Reporting of Adverse drug reactions, Preventability assessment, predictability assessments
Organization and objectives of ICH, expedited reporting, ICSR, PSURs, post approval expedited reporting, pharmacovigilance Planning, good clinical practices
This presentation gives a brief knowledge of CIOMS, its history, missions and collaborations of CIOMS. This presentation also contains CIOMS organizational structure, detailed knowledge of CIOMS Former and Present Working Groups. This will also guide about CIOMS form, its reporting and details to be filled while reporting an ADR.
Pharmacovigilance Establishment in India and An overview on PvPImadhvi Chaubey
An overview on Pharmacovigilance Program establishment in India
Including National Pharmacovigilance Program . Objective of the program.
Pharmacovigilance program of India (PvPI)
Achievements of PvPI
The Haemovigilance Program of India
Future challenges of the program
National programmes related to Pharmacovigilance Nitin Kale.pptxNitinKale46
Establishment of national pharmacovigilance systemsfor the reporting of adverse events, including nationaland, if appropriate, regional pharmacovigilance centres. Development of legislation/regulation for medicinemonitoring. National policy development (to include costing,budgeting and financing). The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) was operationalized in July 2010 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India with the mission to safeguard the health of Indian population by ensuring that the benefits of use of medicine outweigh the risks associated with its use.
ESTABLISHMENT OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE (Clinical Research & Pharmacovigilance).pptxDureshahwar khan
The contents in these slides include Establishment of PV centres in hospital& Industry, National programmes related to PV, and Roles & responsibilities in PV.
The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India is an Indian government organization which identifies and responds to drug safety problems. Its activities include receiving reports of adverse drug events and taking necessary action to remedy problems.
National Pharmacovigilance Programme: First National Consultative meeting of the National Pharmacovigilance Programme for ASU Drugs was held at the Dept. of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & FW, and New Delhi on August 2008, supported by WHO. After that, National Pharmacovigilance Programme for ASU drugs was launched on 29th Sept 2008. The purpose of the program is to collect, collate, and analyze data to use the inferences to recommend informed regulatory interventions, besides communicating risks to healthcare professionals and the public. The National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, is the National Pharmacovigilance Resource Centre for Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani Drugs (NPRC-ASU) in India under the Central sector scheme for upgradation to Centre of Excellence since 2008-09. Under NPRC-ASU drugs, there are five Intermediary Pharmacovigilance Centres (IPvC) for ASU drugs. There are 74 Peripheral Pharmacovigilance Centres (PPvC) for ASU drugs, which are working under these Four IPvCs, across the country. Adverse drug reactions related to any ASU drugs are being reported to these PPvC, in a specially designed ADR reporting form. The program is intended to collect, collate and analyze data to establish evidence for the clinical safety of ASU & H drugs scientifically for documenting clinical evidence of safety and to undertake surveillance of misleading advertisements of ASU & H drugs and improper advertisements of ASU & H drugs for regulatory actions. Pharmacovigilance is dedicated to reducing the risk of drug-related harm to consumers.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
2. Table of Content
History
Introduction of PvPI
Objective of PvPI
Goal of PvPI
Flow of ADR reporting in India
Phases of PvPI
Communication flow of PvPI
Responsibilities of stakeholders
Work flow of NCC
Achievements of PvPI
Haemovigilance programof |India
3. Brief history of PV in India
Even though PV is still in its infancy, the concept is not new to India.
It was not until 1986 that a formal ADR monitoring system consisting of 12
regional centres, each covering a population of 50 million, was proposed for
India.
In 1989, under the aegis of the drug controller of India, six regional centers
were set up in Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Pondicherry and
Chandigarh.
In 1997, India joined the WHO Program for International Drug Monitoring
managed by the Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Sweden.
The centre in New Delhi (at Dept of Pharmacology, AIIMS) was identified as
the national centre, while the centre in Mumbai (at KEM Hospital) was
identified as the WHO special centre.
Of the six centers, only the centers in Mumbai and New Delhi were active, yet
spontaneous reporting of ADRs was poor. The monitoring centers were
considered ad hoc and appropriate levels of funding were not, made available,
which put severe constraints on them.
Indian government launched the National Program of Pharmacovigilance
(NPP) with the support of World Bank in November 2004, and started
functioning 1 January 2005.
4. The NPvP was overseen by the National Pharmacovigilance Advisory Committee
(NPvAC) based in the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), New
Delhi coordinated the pharmacovigilance program under the Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare.
Two zonal centers - the South-West zonal centre (located in the Dept of Clinical
Pharmacology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai) and the North-
East zonal centre (located in the Dept of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi), collated
information from all over the country and send it to the Committee as well as to
the Uppsala Monitoring Centre in Sweden.
Three regional centers reported to Mumbai centre and two to New Delhi. Each
regional centre in turn would have several peripheral centers reporting to it.
The program had three broad objectives: the short-term objective was to foster a
reporting culture, the intermediate objective was to involve a large number of
healthcare professionals in the systems in information dissemination and the long-
term objective was for the program to be a benchmark for global drug monitoring.
However, the program did not meet the expectations and in 2009, it was
suspended as the support from World Bank was discontinued.
5. The pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI)
The NPvP was renamed the Pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI),
which started functioning 14 July 2010, with the All India Institute of
Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi.
In order to monitor ADRs all over India, the program had 22 ADR
monitoring centers (AMCs), including AIIMS, New Delhi.
The NCC was later shifted from AIIMS to Indian Pharmacopoeia
Commission (IPC), Ghaziabad, on 15 April 2011.
The PvPI collates the information received in the form of Individual Case
Safety Reports (ICSRs) from the AMCs, HCPs, pharmacists and other non-
HCPs .
IPC-PvPI became the NCC for Materiovigilance Program of India (MvPI)
from July, 2015.
IPC, NCC-PvPI became a WHO Collaborating Centre for Pharmacovigilance
in Public Health Programs & Regulatory services from July, 2017.
6. Objective of Program
To create a nationwide system for patient safety reporting.
To identify and analyze new signals from the reported cases.
To analyze the benefit – risk balance of marketed medications.
To generate evidence- based information on the safety of medicines.
To support regulatory agencies in the decision-making process on the use of
medications.
To communicate safety information on the use of medicines to various stakeholder
to minimize the risk.
To emerge as a national center of excellence for pharmacovigilance activities.
To collaborate with other national centers for the exchange of information and data
management.
To provide training and consultancy support to other national pharmacovigilance
centers across the globe.
To promote rational use of medicines.
7. Goal of PvPI
Short Term Goals
To develop and implement pharmaco-vigilance system in India
To enroll, initially, all MCI approved medical colleges in the program covering north,
south, east and west of India
To encourage healthcare professionals in reporting of adverse reaction to drugs,
vaccines, medical devices and biological products
Collection of case reports and data
Long Term Goal
To expand the pharmacovigilance program to all hospitals (govt. & private) and
centers of public health programs located across India
To develop and implement electronic reporting system (e-reporting)
To develop reporting culture amongst healthcare professionals
To make ADR reporting mandatory for healthcare professionals
8. Phases or Road Map of PvPI
1. Initiation phase (2010-2011)
2. Expansion and consolidation phase (2011-2012)
3. Expansion and maintenance phase (2012-2013)
4. Expansion and optimization (2013-2014)
5. Excellence phase (2014-2015)
9.
10.
11. Communication under PvPI
Uppsala
Monitoring
Center, Sweden
National
Coordinator
Center, IPC,
Gaziabad
ADRs
Monitoring
Centers
Healthcare
Professionals
CDSCO
Headquarter,
NewDehli
CDSCO Zonal Offices
South Zone: Chennai
West Zone: Mumbai
East Zone: Kolkata
North Zone: Gaziabad
12. Responsibility of stakeholders
1. Personnel at CDSCO headquarter
Take appropriate regulatory decision & actions on the basis of
recommendations of PvPI NCC at IPC Ghaziabad.
Propagation of medicine safety related decisions to stakeholders
Collaboration with WHO-Uppsala Monitoring Center – Sweden
Provide for budgetary provisions & administrative support to run
PvPI
2. Personnel at NCC
Preparation of SOPs, guidance documents & training manuals
Data collation, Cross-check completeness, Causality Assessment etc
as per SOPs
Conduct Training workshops of all enrolled centers
Publication of Medicines Safety Newsletter
Reporting to CDSCO Headquarters
Analysis of the PMS, PSUR, AEFI data received from CDSCO HQ
13. 3. Personnel at AMC
Collection of ADR reports
Perform follow up with the complainant to check completeness as per
SOPs
Data entry into Vigiflow
Reporting to PvPI National Coordinating Centre (PvPI NCC) through
Vigiflow with the source data (original) attached with each ADR case
Training/ sensitization/ feedback to physicians through newsletters
circulated by the PvPI NCC
4. Personnel at Zonal/ Sub-zonal CDSCO
Provide procurement, financial and administrative support to ADR
monitoring centers
Report to CDSCO
14.
15. Organization Committees under NCC
Steering Committee
PvPI Working Group
Quality Review Panel
Signal Review Panel
Core training panel
16. Working module of NCC
Letter of intent from AMCs Coordinator
NCC-PvPI
Examine the Suitability Approved by NCC
Vigi-Flow login details provided
by NCC to AMCs
AMCs- To perform the causality assessment of the ADRs and furnish
the mandatory fields in the suspected ADRs form
17. AMCs – upload the
ADRs in Vigi-Flow
Send to
NCC-PvPI Quality assessment by NCC-
PvPI
CDSCO (HQ)
WHO-UMC (Sweden)
NCC_PvPI
18. Achievements of the PvPI
Establishment of 250 AMCs that create a framework of pharmacovigilance
and the culture of reporting all over India.
Several awareness programmes conducted by the AMCs. The ADR
reporting culture is improving throughout the country.
The reporting forms have been made available in ten vernacular languages
and separate forms for HCPs and consumers are available on the CDSCO
website.
The PvPI has contributed in National Health programmes such as those for
tuberculosis (Revised National TB Control Programme in Oct/2013), HIV-
AIDS (National AIDS control Organization in Sep/2014), and immunization.
The PvPI initiated a skill development programme on “Basic & Regulatory
Aspects of Pharmacovigilance” to train young professionals in
pharmacovigilance.
19. Participation of Nursing Professionals NCC-PvPI oraganized a meeting with
president Nursing Coumcil of India (NCI), on July 16, 2014, New Delhi to
initiate the participation of nursing professionals in PvPI.
The National Health Policy 2017, launched by Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare, addresses antimicrobial resistance and pharmacovigilance.
The PvPI under the IPC, Ministry of Health and family Welfare, was
successfully assessed by the World Health Organization –National
Regulatory Authority ( WHO- NRA) 2017 Global Benchmarking Tool. As an
outcome, vigilance achieved a maturity level of 4 out of 5.
20. The Haemovigilance Programme of India
The haemovigilance Programme of India (HvPI) was launched on 10
December 2012 by the NCC-PvPI with the National Institute of Biologicals,
Noida, Uttar Pradesh, under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Government of India.
Under this programme monitoring of blood quality and blood products in
transfusion are monitored.
The programme was initiated in 60 medical colleges in the country that
were already enrolled under the PvPI.
The programme collates and analyses information about haemovigilance
and adverse events concerning biological and is constantly working toward
the advancement of the quality and safety pf blood products and
transfusion process to ensure patient care and safety.