The document summarizes key anatomical structures of the petrous bone including:
- The trigeminal depression and arcuate eminence on the superior surface.
- The subarcuate fossa, vestibular aqueduct, and cochlear canaliculus on the medial surface.
- The jugular foramen located where the petrous bone meets the occipital bone and contains compartments for neural and vascular structures.
The medical document discusses three findings: a right varicocele, dilated veins within the right testis; rette testis dilatation, enlarged veins within the network of veins draining the testis; and an epididymal cyst, a fluid-filled sac within the epididymis, the coiled tubular structure that collects and transports sperm from the testis.
O documento discute vários casos de pacientes que sofreram recidivas de meningiomas ou desenvolveram múltiplos meningiomas. Detalha tratamentos como cirurgia e embolização para remover os tumores e controlar o crescimento de novos tumores. Também menciona um caso raro de múltipla meningiomatose.
The document discusses two anatomical structures: Type 3 Frontal Cell and Agger nasi. Type 3 Frontal Cell refers to a specific type of frontal sinus cell located in the frontal bone above the nose. Agger nasi refers to a small bony projection located in the nasal cavity near the front of the nasal septum.
A patient presented with a hypoglossal nerve schwannoma located in the cisternal segment that was imaged with various MRI sequences including 3D CISS, T1 TSE, FLAIR, VIBE, post-gadolinium SPACE, and post-gadolinium to characterize the tumor and its relationship to surrounding structures.
Congenital Cholesteatoma of the Mastoid Bone on CT& MRIRuth Martín Boizas
Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid bone is a rare, non-epithelial cyst or tumor that exists in the mastoid bone at birth. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful in evaluating congenital cholesteatoma and can help determine the extent of involvement of the mastoid bone and surrounding structures. Surgical removal is usually required to prevent complications like bone erosion and hearing loss.
A patient was experiencing a relapse of mantle B-cell lymphoma that had spread outside the spinal cord into the extradural space and spinal foramina. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans using fat saturated and non-fat saturated post-gadolinium T1 spin echo sequences were performed to evaluate the extent of the relapse.
Epilepsy in Preterm Neonate MRI (2D TOF MIP, 3D MPRAGE, Diffusion, BLADE FLAIR; T1 TSE, TSTIR, T2 TSE & Tractography) . Temporary Cytotoxic Edema. Third Day of
Life. Total Recovery 2 weeks later.
The document summarizes key anatomical structures of the petrous bone including:
- The trigeminal depression and arcuate eminence on the superior surface.
- The subarcuate fossa, vestibular aqueduct, and cochlear canaliculus on the medial surface.
- The jugular foramen located where the petrous bone meets the occipital bone and contains compartments for neural and vascular structures.
The medical document discusses three findings: a right varicocele, dilated veins within the right testis; rette testis dilatation, enlarged veins within the network of veins draining the testis; and an epididymal cyst, a fluid-filled sac within the epididymis, the coiled tubular structure that collects and transports sperm from the testis.
O documento discute vários casos de pacientes que sofreram recidivas de meningiomas ou desenvolveram múltiplos meningiomas. Detalha tratamentos como cirurgia e embolização para remover os tumores e controlar o crescimento de novos tumores. Também menciona um caso raro de múltipla meningiomatose.
The document discusses two anatomical structures: Type 3 Frontal Cell and Agger nasi. Type 3 Frontal Cell refers to a specific type of frontal sinus cell located in the frontal bone above the nose. Agger nasi refers to a small bony projection located in the nasal cavity near the front of the nasal septum.
A patient presented with a hypoglossal nerve schwannoma located in the cisternal segment that was imaged with various MRI sequences including 3D CISS, T1 TSE, FLAIR, VIBE, post-gadolinium SPACE, and post-gadolinium to characterize the tumor and its relationship to surrounding structures.
Congenital Cholesteatoma of the Mastoid Bone on CT& MRIRuth Martín Boizas
Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid bone is a rare, non-epithelial cyst or tumor that exists in the mastoid bone at birth. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful in evaluating congenital cholesteatoma and can help determine the extent of involvement of the mastoid bone and surrounding structures. Surgical removal is usually required to prevent complications like bone erosion and hearing loss.
A patient was experiencing a relapse of mantle B-cell lymphoma that had spread outside the spinal cord into the extradural space and spinal foramina. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans using fat saturated and non-fat saturated post-gadolinium T1 spin echo sequences were performed to evaluate the extent of the relapse.
Epilepsy in Preterm Neonate MRI (2D TOF MIP, 3D MPRAGE, Diffusion, BLADE FLAIR; T1 TSE, TSTIR, T2 TSE & Tractography) . Temporary Cytotoxic Edema. Third Day of
Life. Total Recovery 2 weeks later.
An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops within the arachnoid membrane layers that surround the brain or spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to diagnose arachnoid cysts as it can clearly visualize the size, location, and other characteristics of the cyst. MRI is a useful non-invasive tool to evaluate arachnoid cysts and help determine if any treatment may be needed.
This document discusses the differences between a lacunar infarct and a Virchow-Robin space as seen on CT and MRI scans. A lacunar infarct is typically larger than 5mm, asymmetric, located in the superior two-thirds of the putamen, and not isointense with CSF. In contrast, a Virchow-Robin space is usually less than 5mm, symmetric, located in the inferior third of the putamen, and isointense with CSF. While these are the general differences, the document notes there was an asymmetric case that was unusual.
Alzheimer's disease causes brain atrophy that can be seen on imaging tests. It initially affects the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, then spreads to the posterior cingulum, medial temporal lobe, and insular cortex. Over time, atrophy progresses to the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices bilaterally in a symmetric and diffuse pattern.
I have decided to use this MRI protocol to study patients with clinical suspicion of Mild Cognitive Impairment & Dementia.
1.2 mm isotropic sagittal T1 3D MP-RAGE is centered on thalamus to be used for Voxel Based Morphometry, if necessary.
Axial T2 GE is used to discover small blood foci secondary to amyloid angiopathy.
DTI is used for VOIs on previously determined strategic areas to try to diagnose the type of dementia by image findings.
49 years old woman that comes to E.R. with Midriais & Comatous State. Routine Brain CT shows Subrachnoid Hemorrhage. Willis angioCT MIP & VR depicts Giant Fusiform MCA Aneurysm.
Surgicel is a bioabsorbable topical haemostatic agent used to control bleeding in surgical procedures. How to differentiate its signal from Haemoglobin degradation products?
Note: There was an interpretative mistake first time uploaded: Blood signal was misinterpreted. I upload the correction. Sorry!.
A patient presented with spinal tuberculous leptomeningitis and subdural empyema as seen on MRI, with leptomeningeal enhancement and lung cavitated nodules. The patient underwent posterior laminectomy for the spinal condition. Follow up MRIs one month and three weeks later showed progression of the leptomeningeal nodular enhancement and a new subdural empyema, indicating active intraspinal tuberculosis despite surgery.
Una mujer de 39 años acudió a revisión tras haber sido intervenida en cuatro ocasiones de un astrocitoma grado II. Las imágenes por resonancia magnética mostraban hallazgos compatibles con la enfermedad en las secuencias FLAIR, TIRM y T1 con contraste.
Surgicel is a bioabsorbable topical haemostatic agent used to control bleeding in surgical procedures. How to differentiate its signal from Haemoglobin degradation products?.
A 67-year-old man presented with retinal angiomas, cerebellum and spinal cord hemangioblastomas. Imaging showed an intraspinal cystic lesion with an enhancing mural nodule and an enhancing left hemicerebellum nodular tumor. He also had bilateral enhancing eye globe tumors, consistent with a diagnosis of Von Hippel-Lindau disease.
The document discusses including tooth number 13 in dental nomenclature. It mentions using volume rendering CT to visualize tooth number 13. The summary provides high-level information that tooth 13 is being discussed in the context of dental nomenclature and imaging techniques without including unnecessary details.
Basilar impression is evaluated using MRI to measure the Bull's angle, which is normally less than 13 degrees. MRI techniques like MPRAGE 3D T1 and SE T1 are used to visualize the skull base and measure the Bull's angle to diagnose basilar impression when it is greater than normal.
An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops within the arachnoid membrane layers that surround the brain or spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to diagnose arachnoid cysts as it can clearly visualize the size, location, and other characteristics of the cyst. MRI is a useful non-invasive tool to evaluate arachnoid cysts and help determine if any treatment may be needed.
This document discusses the differences between a lacunar infarct and a Virchow-Robin space as seen on CT and MRI scans. A lacunar infarct is typically larger than 5mm, asymmetric, located in the superior two-thirds of the putamen, and not isointense with CSF. In contrast, a Virchow-Robin space is usually less than 5mm, symmetric, located in the inferior third of the putamen, and isointense with CSF. While these are the general differences, the document notes there was an asymmetric case that was unusual.
Alzheimer's disease causes brain atrophy that can be seen on imaging tests. It initially affects the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, then spreads to the posterior cingulum, medial temporal lobe, and insular cortex. Over time, atrophy progresses to the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices bilaterally in a symmetric and diffuse pattern.
I have decided to use this MRI protocol to study patients with clinical suspicion of Mild Cognitive Impairment & Dementia.
1.2 mm isotropic sagittal T1 3D MP-RAGE is centered on thalamus to be used for Voxel Based Morphometry, if necessary.
Axial T2 GE is used to discover small blood foci secondary to amyloid angiopathy.
DTI is used for VOIs on previously determined strategic areas to try to diagnose the type of dementia by image findings.
49 years old woman that comes to E.R. with Midriais & Comatous State. Routine Brain CT shows Subrachnoid Hemorrhage. Willis angioCT MIP & VR depicts Giant Fusiform MCA Aneurysm.
Surgicel is a bioabsorbable topical haemostatic agent used to control bleeding in surgical procedures. How to differentiate its signal from Haemoglobin degradation products?
Note: There was an interpretative mistake first time uploaded: Blood signal was misinterpreted. I upload the correction. Sorry!.
A patient presented with spinal tuberculous leptomeningitis and subdural empyema as seen on MRI, with leptomeningeal enhancement and lung cavitated nodules. The patient underwent posterior laminectomy for the spinal condition. Follow up MRIs one month and three weeks later showed progression of the leptomeningeal nodular enhancement and a new subdural empyema, indicating active intraspinal tuberculosis despite surgery.
Una mujer de 39 años acudió a revisión tras haber sido intervenida en cuatro ocasiones de un astrocitoma grado II. Las imágenes por resonancia magnética mostraban hallazgos compatibles con la enfermedad en las secuencias FLAIR, TIRM y T1 con contraste.
Surgicel is a bioabsorbable topical haemostatic agent used to control bleeding in surgical procedures. How to differentiate its signal from Haemoglobin degradation products?.
A 67-year-old man presented with retinal angiomas, cerebellum and spinal cord hemangioblastomas. Imaging showed an intraspinal cystic lesion with an enhancing mural nodule and an enhancing left hemicerebellum nodular tumor. He also had bilateral enhancing eye globe tumors, consistent with a diagnosis of Von Hippel-Lindau disease.
The document discusses including tooth number 13 in dental nomenclature. It mentions using volume rendering CT to visualize tooth number 13. The summary provides high-level information that tooth 13 is being discussed in the context of dental nomenclature and imaging techniques without including unnecessary details.
Basilar impression is evaluated using MRI to measure the Bull's angle, which is normally less than 13 degrees. MRI techniques like MPRAGE 3D T1 and SE T1 are used to visualize the skull base and measure the Bull's angle to diagnose basilar impression when it is greater than normal.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
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Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Our backs are like superheroes, holding us up and helping us move around. But sometimes, even superheroes can get hurt. That’s where slip discs come in.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis