The document contains random exam questions about anatomy and physiology. It asks the student to identify structures of synovial joints, match joint names to types, identify articulating bones, and answer questions about muscle contractions, strengthening exercises, muscle fiber characteristics, Newton's laws of motion, stability principles, the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

1. AS RANDOM EXAM QUESTIONS

2. LIST 5 STRUCTURES OF A SYNOVIAL JOINT.

3. MATCH THE NAME OF THE JOINT WITH ITS TYPE. PIVOT WRIST HINGE ATLAS/AXIS SADDLE ELBOW GLIDING CONDYLOID VERTEBRAE THUMB SHOULDER BALL & SOCKET

4. ARTICULATING BONES: FILL THEM IN 3 ANKLE 2 KNEE 2 HIP 3 WRIST 2 RADIO-ULNAR 3 ELBOW 2 SHOULDER

5. FILL IN THE MISSING BLANKS BICEP CURL (DOWNWARD PHASE) TYPE OF CONTRACTION ACTIVE MUSCLE JOINT ACTION PERFORMED

6. LIST THE 4 MUSCLES THAT MAKE UP THE QUADRICEPS.

7. CRUNCHES BENCH PRESS SQUATS (UPWARD PHASE) BICEP CURLS TOE RAISES HIP EXTENSIONS LEG CURLS (UP) SHOULDER PRESS MUSCLE BEING WORKED STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

8. LIST 3 STRUCTURAL AND 3 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOW OXIDATIVE MUSCLE FIBRES

9. APPLY NEWTONS THREE LAWS TO A SPRINTER IN THEIR BLOCKS.

10. LIST 3 PRINCIPLES MAKE AN OBJECT OR PERSON MORE STABLE.

11. ANSWERS TO THE FIRST 10 QUESTIONS

12. LIST 5 STRUCTURES OF A SYNOVIAL JOINT . ARTICULAR CARTILAGE PADS OF FAT MENISICUS LIGAMENT SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE JOINT CAPSULE SYNOVIAL FLUID BURSA

13. MATCH THE NAME OF THE JOINT WITH ITS TYPE. PIVOT ATLAS/AXIS B & S SHOULDER CONDYLOID WRIST HINGE ELBOW GLIDING VERTEBRAE SADDLE THUMB

14. ARTICULATING BONES: FILL THEM IN TIBIA, FIBULA,TALUS ANKLE FEMUR TIBIA KNEE HEAD OF FEMUR ACETABULUM OF PELVIS HIP RADIUS,ULNA,CARPALS WRIST RADIUS/ULNA RADIO-ULNAR HUMERUS, RADIUS,ULNA ELBOW HEAD OF HUMERUS & GLENOID FOSSA OF SCAPULA SHOULDER

15. FILL IN THE MISSING BLANKS CONCENTRIC TRICEP BRACHII ELBOW BICEP CURL (DOWNWARD PHASE) TYPE OF CONTRACTION ACTIVE MUSCLE JOINT ACTION PERFORMED

16. LIST THE 4 MUSCLES THAT MAKE UP THE QUADRICEPS. RECTUS FEMORIS VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS VASTUS MEDIALIS

17. RECTUS ABDOMINUS CRUNCHES PEACTORALIS MAJOR BENCH PRESS RECTUS FEMORIS SQUATS (UPWARD PHASE) BICEPS BRACHII BICEP CURLS GASTROCNEMIUS TOE RAISES GLUTEUS MAXIMUS HIP EXTENSIONS BICEP FEMORIS LEG CURLS (UP) DELTOID SHOULDER PRESS MUSCLE BEING WORKED STRENGTHENING EXERCISE

18. LIST 3 STRUCTRAL AND 3 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOW OXIDATIVE MUSCLE FIBRES. LOW ANEROBIC CAPACITY LOW GLYCOGEN STORES HIGH AEROBIC CAPACITY HIGH MYOGLOBIN CONTENT HIGH FATIQUE RESISTANT MANY CAPILLARIES LOW CONTRACTILE STRENGTH MANY MITOCHONDRIA SLOW CONTRACTILE SPEED SMALL/RED FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

19. APPLY NEWTONS THREE LAWS TO A SPRINTER IN THEIR BLOCKS. FIRST LAW = LAW OF INERTIA E.G SPRINTER REMAINS IN BLOCKS UNTIL A FORCE IS APPLIED SECOND LAW = LAW OF ACCELERATION E.G MORE FORCE APPLIED TO THE BLOCKS OR AGAINST THE FLOOR WILL CAUSE GREATER ACCELERATION THIRD LAW = THE ACTION/REACTION LAW E.G WHEN AN ATHLETE STARTS A SPRINT RACE THEY DRIVE AGAINST THE BLOCKS AND THE BLOCKS DRIVE AGAINST THE ATHLETE.

20. LIST 3 PRINCIPLES MAKE AN OBJECT OR PERSON MORE STABLE. THE LOWER THE CENTRE OF MASS THE MORE STABLE THE BODY THE BIGGER THE BASE OF SUPPORT THE MORE STABLE THE BODY THE CLOSER THE LINE OF GRAVITY TO THE CENTRE OF THE BASE OF SUPPORT THE MORE STABLE THE BODY

21. NEXT EXAM QUESTIONS FORCE CARDIVASUCULAR RESPIRATORY

22. HOW WOULD YOU APPLY LINEAR AND ANGULAR MOTION TO AN OBJECT?

23. APPLY NEWTONS SECOND LAW TO A FREE KICK IN FOOTBALL

24. APPLY NEWTONS THIRD LAW TO THE TAKE OFF PHASE OF A HIGH JUMP

25. STROKE VOLUME IS DETERMINED BY 3 MAIN FACTORS – NAME THEM.

26. THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA HAS 3 CONTROL CENTRES – NAME THEM

27. DEOXYGENATED BLOOD RETURNING TO THE HEART 6 DIASTOLE F 5 LITRES 5 SYSTOLE E EMPTYING PHASE 4 VENOUS RETURN D INITATES THE CARDIAC IMPULSE 3 SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM C RELAXED/FILLING PHASE 2 AVERAGE RESTING Q B RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING HR 1 SA NODE A

28. CONDUCTION SYSTEM PLACE IN ORDER TRAVELS DOWN BUNDLE OF HIS (B) CONTINUES UP & AROUND L & R VENTRICLE WALLS (C ) SA NODE INITIATES CARDIAC IMPULSE WHICH: (D) CONTINUES DOWN THE PURKINJE FIBRES (E) PASSES THROUGH ATRIA WALLS

29. WHAT IS VASOMOTOR AND VENOMOTOR CONTROL?

30. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME MINUTE VENTILATION TIDAL VOLUME DEFINITION LUNG VOLUMES

31. WHAT AIDS GOOD GASEOUS EXCHANGE

32. MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION 6 PHRENIC NERVE F RAPID INCREASE IN BREATHING RATE 5 PROPRIOCEPTORS E SITE OF GASEOUS EXCHANGE 4 STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID D LOW pH CAUSING INCREASE IN DISSOCIATION OF O2 FROM Hb 3 ALVEOLI C DETECT MOTOR MOVEMENT 2 HYPERVENTILATION B STIMULATES DIAPHRAGM TO CONTRACT 1 BOHR EFFECT A

33. ROLE OF THE RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTRE

34. ANSWERS

35. HOW WOULD YOU APPLY LINEAR AND ANGULAR MOTION TO AN OBJECT? LINEAR = FORCE MUST BE APPLIED THROUGH THE BODY’S CENTRE OF MASS ANGULAR = FORCE MUST BE APPLIED OUTSIDE THE CENTRE OF MASS

36. APPLY NEWTONS SECOND LAW TO A FREE KICK IN FOOTBALL THE HARDER HE/SHE KICKS THE BALL THE FASTER AND FURTHER IT WILL GO IN THE DIRECTION IN WHICH HE/SHE KICKED IT

37. APPLY NEWOTNS THIRD LAW TO THE TAKE OFF PHASE OF A HIGH JUMP THE HIGH JUMPER EXERTS A DOWNWARD FORCE TO THE GROUND THAT EXERTS AN EQUAL & OPPOSITE UPWARD FORCE TO THE JUMPER TO ALLOW THEM TO TAKE OFF

38. STROKE VOLUME IS DETERMINED BY 3 MAIN FACTORS – NAME THEM. VENOUS RETURN VOLUME VENTRICULAR STRETCH VENTRICULAR CONTRACTILITY (FORCE OF CONTRACTION)

39. THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA HAS 3 CONTROL CENTRES – NAME THEM CARDIAC CONTROL CENTRE RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTRE VASOMOTOR CONTROL

40. DEOXYGENATED BLOOD RETURNING TO THE HEART 6 DIASTOLE F2 5 LITRES 5 SYSTOLE E4 EMPTYING PHASE 4 VENOUS RETURN D6 INITATES THE CARDIAC IMPULSE 3 SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM C1 RELAXED/FILLING PHASE 2 AVERAGE RESTING Q B5 RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING HR 1 SA NODE A3

41. CONDUCTION SYSTEM PLACE IN ORDER TRAVELS DOWN BUNDLE OF HIS (B) CONTINUES UP & AROUND L & R VENTRICLE WALLS (C ) SA NODE INITIATES CARDIAC IMPULSE WHICH: (D) CONTINUES DOWN THE PURKINJE FIBRES PASSES THROUGH ATRIA WALLS C E A D B

42. WHAT IS VASOMOTOR AND VENOMOTOR CONTROL? VASOMOTOR = LOCATED IN THE MEDULLA CONTRICTS OR DILATES THE ARTERIAL BLOOD VESSELS VENOMOTOR = CONSTRICTS OR DILATES THE VENOUS BLOOD VESSELS

43. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM VOLUME OF AIR THAT CAN BE FORCEFULLY EXPIRED AFTER NORMAL EXPIRATION EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME VOLUME OF AIR THAT CAN BE FORCEFULLY INSPIRED AFTER NORMAL INSPIRATION INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED/EXPIRED IN 1 MINUTE MINUTE VENTILATION VOLUME OF AIR INSPIRED & EXPIRED PER BREATH DURING REST TIDAL VOLUME DEFINITION LUNG VOLUMES

44. WHAT AIDS GOOD GASEOUS EXCHANGE VAST NETWORK ALVEOLI CAPILLARIES THIN MEMBRANE MOIST LINING SHORT DIFFUSION PATH

45. MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION 6 PHRENIC NERVE F1 RAPID INCREASE IN BREATHING RATE 5 PROPRIOCEPTORS E2 SITE OF GASEOUS EXCHANGE 4 STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID D6 LOW pH CAUSING INCREASE IN DISSOCIATION OF O2 FROM Hb 3 ALVEOLI C4 DETECT MOTOR MOVEMENT 2 HYPERVENTILATION B5 STIMULATES DIAPHRAGM TO CONTRACT 1 BOHR EFFECT A3

46. ROLE OF THE RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTRE REGULATES BREATHING STIMULATES INSPIRATORY/EXPIRATORY MUSCLES