This document discusses various theories and approaches to personality types and methods of personality assessment. It mentions three early theories of personality types proposed by Kretschmer, Sheldon, and Jung. It also discusses dimensions of personality like physiological, psychological, intellectual, social, and emotional. Regarding methods of personality assessment, it describes the wholeistic, projection, and trait approach methods. It provides details of various psychological inventories used for personality assessment, including Cattell's 16PF questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Test, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and California Psychological Inventory.

1. Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi
Professor & Head
MSM’s COPE, Aurangabad

2. Type Approach Theory
Personality types
 A. Kretschmer 1925 had given the following three types of
personality.
 1. Endomorph :- A short for pump person (बुटका, ठें गणा)
 2. Mesomorph :- Muscular Athlete (सशक्त, बळकट)
 3. Ectomorph :- Highted, Thin ( उंच, सडपातळ, क
ृ श)
 B. Sheldon 1954 had classified the following three types of
personality.
 1. Piknik :- मेदप्रधान
 2. Athletic:- स्नायू प्रधान
 3. Asthenic :- अस्थी प्रधान
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

3. Personality types &
Dimensions of Personality
 C. Carl Jung (कार्ल युंग) had given two types of personality.
 1. Introvert :- अंतमुलख
 2. Extrovert :- बहिमुलख
 3. Ambivert :- उभयमुख
 Dimension of personality :- व्यक्तक्तमत्वाची अंगे/ परिमाणे
 Physiological :- शािीरिक
 Psychological :- मानहसक
 Intellectual :- बौक्तिक
 Social :- सामाहिक
 Emotional :- भावहनक.
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

4. Personality assessment
 1. Wholeastic Method :- समग्र मापन/ सहमष्ठ पध्दती
 2. Projection Method :- प्रक्षेपण मापन पिती
 3. Trait approach Method :- र्क्षण मापन पिती
 A. Observation
 By observing the person in different situation over a period of time
and its personality can be judged. However it's only subjective and
its accuracy depends upon the knowledge and ability of an
observer.
 हनिीक्षण :-
 व्यक्तीचे हवहवध परिक्तस्थतीतीर् हनिीक्षण करून व्यक्तक्तमत्वाचे मापन किता येते
मात्र िे व्यक्तक्तहनष्ठ असून याची अचूकता िी हनिीक्षण कर्त्ालच्या ज्ञान आहण
क्षमतेवि अवर्ंबून असते.
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

5. Personality assessment
 B. Rating scale :-
 By this method certain traits of personality are divided into several classes. A number
of questions are developed and a five point rating scale is used.
For example :- questions may be how do you rate the personality of your teacher?
 a. very superior b. superior c. average d. inferior e. very inferior
 पदहनश्चयन श्रेणी
 पदहनश्चयन श्रेणी पितीमध्ये व्यक्तक्तमत्त्वाचे गुणहवशेष कािी गुणहवशेष हवहशष्ट वगालत हवभागर्े िातात
हवहवध प्रश्न हवकहसत करून पाच गुणांची श्रेणी यासाठी वापिर्ी िाते.
 तुम्ही तुमच्या अध्यापकाची व्यक्तक्तमत्वाची श्रेणी कशी ठिवार्?
 अ. अर्त्ुच्च ब. उत्क
ृ ष्ट क. सामान्य ड. कमी दिाल इ. हनक
ृ ष्ट दिाल.
 C. Interview :- interviews are a popular and common method of judging
personality but the success of the interview depends on the experience and skill of
the interviewer.
 मुर्ाखत
 मुर्ाखत िे व्यक्तक्तमत्त्व मापनाचे प्रहसि आहण सामान्य पिती आिे मुर्ाखत तंत्राची यशक्तिता िी
मुर्ाखत कि र्त्ाच्या अनुभव व कौशल्यावि अवर्ंबून असते.
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

6. B. Projection / प्रक्षेपण
 या तंत्रामध्ये अस्पष्ट चेतकाच्या / संहदग्ध चेतकाच्या आधािे चाचणी
घेऊन व्यक्ती उद्दीपकार्ा हक
ं वा चेतकार्ा कशा प्रकािे प्रहतहिया देतो
याचे मापन क
े र्े िाते. व्यक्तीच्या अबोध मनातीर् प्रेिणा आहण संघषल िो
सिितेने प्रकट िोत नािी अशी माहिती प्रक्षेपण तंत्राद्वािे बािेि काढर्ी
िाते. या तंत्राद्वािे हदर्ेल्या चेतकार्ा हक
ं वा घटकांना व्यक्ती आपल्या
अबोध मनातीर् प्रेिणांच्या द्वािे प्रहतहिया देते यावरून व्यक्तीचे
व्यक्तक्तमत्व मापन किता येते. मात्र िी पिती तज्ञ व्यक्तीकड
ू नच
वापिर्ी िाते.
 Roscharch Ink Dot Test.
 TAT :- Thematic Appreciation Test.
 HTP :- House Tree Person Test.

4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

7. Some of the Popular Inventories :-
C. Psychological inventories :- it is frequently used it
contains many questions or statements which has to be
answered and finally the scores are calculated to understand
the personality.
Cattle's 16PF, Eysenck Personality Test ( EPI), Minnesota
Multiphase Personality Inventory (MMPI), California
Psychological Inventory ( CPI).
 A. Cattle's 16 personality factor questionnaire :- this
questionnaire was developed by the psychologist Raymond
Cattell, he has listed 16 major traits in his questionnaire
 ( consist of 287 questions) which are as follows:-
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi

8. Cattle’s 16 PF
 1. Reserved( हभडस्त) - Outgoing (हबन्धास्त)
 2. Less intelligent कमी हूशाि)- More intelligent ( हूशाि)
 3. Affected by feelings भावना ग्रस्त) - Emotionally stable( भावनीक क्तस्थि)
 4. Submissive( नम्र, आज्ञाधािक) - Dominant( प्रबळ)
 5. Serious (गंभीि) - Happy (आनंदी)
 6. Expedient (फायदा बघणािा) - Conscientious (प्रामाहणक)
 7. Timid (बुििा, हभत्रा)- Venturesome (सािसी)
 8. Tough minded( मनोहनग्रिी) - Sensitive (संवेदनशीर्)
 9. Trusting (हवश्र्वासू)- Suspicious (साशंक)
 10. Practical(व्यविाि चतूि) - Imaginative ( काल्पहनक हवश्र्वात िमणािा)
 11. Forthright(सिळ मागी) - Shrewd( धूतल)
 12. Self-assured (आत्महनभलि)- Apprehensive (धास्तावर्ेर्ा)
 13. Conservative( पूिाणमतवादी) - Experimenting (प्रयोगशीर्)
 14. Group dependent ( गटावि अवर्ंबून) - Self sufficient (िावर्ंबी)
 15. Uncontrolled (अहनयंहत्रत)- Controlled (संयमीत)
 16. Relaxed (हनवांत) - Tense ( तणाव ग्रस्त)
 Cattle also distinguish between surface traits and source traits. Surface traits is the
observable behavior and source traits are are the underlying traits from which the
surface traits come.
 For example :- Source traits: sensitive. Surface traits: crying.
4/9/2024 Prof. Dr. Makarand Joshi